中考英语考点一遍过考点65 书面表达之叙事描写类

叙事描写类的书面表达是以叙述和描写为主要表达方式，以写人、叙事和经历、写物、绘景等为主要 内容的文体： 这一类的书面表达动词使用率最高，且富于变化，用得最多的是动词的过去时态，其他各种时态为辅。 合理使用丰富多彩的动词时态是这类书面表达的首要语言特征。人物类书面表达如果是对人的性格、外貌 等叙述常用一般现在时，如果通过事件来刻画人物的性格，那么就要用过去时。写好这类书面表达要注意 以下几点： 1. 头绪分明，脉络清楚 写好书面表达，首先要头绪分明，脉络清楚，明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析， 弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程，然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都要围绕五个＂W＂和一个＂ H＂来展开，分别是 why, what, when, where, who 及 how。学科&网 2. 突出中心，详略得当 在文章的框架确定后，对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的一步。选材要注意取舍，应该从表现文章 主题的需要出发，分清主次，定好详略。详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节，略写或粗述那些非关 键的次要情节。面面俱到反而会使情节罗列化，使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问 题，也需要一定的技巧。 3. 用活语言，准确生动 记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的叙事描写类书面表达的语言既 要准确、生动，又要表现力强，这样才能把人、事物描写得具体生动。 1. Among various kinds of things/persons in my mind ... is the most unforgettable one. 2. On a sunny/rainy morning, while I was...First of all... Then ... After that... In the end ... 3. He/she/this was one of the most meaningful/enjoyable/unforgettable persons/things that I have ever met/ experienced, I will remember him/her forever.[ 加分句子： 1. Sth impressed me greatly... 2. What impressed me most is that... 经典句型： 1. Last Sunday（Saturday...）, it was sunny（rainy, windy, foggy） 2. I got up very early （late）. After breakfast I went to with my friends by bike, bus... 3. We enjoyed ourselves. 4. We forgot the time. We didn’t come back until 5 o’clock. 5. We all felt very tired, but we were happy. 6. I thought I would never forget this trip. 7. Last summer, my parents and I went to Beijing for our holidays. 8. We visited a lot of places of interest. 9. We had a good time there. 10. We bought a lot of things. The clothes here are good and cheap. 人物类书面表达主要通过刻画人物性格，塑造人物形象，反映生活，表现主题，模版如下： 开门见山，引出要 介绍的人物 正文（时间、地点、 人物……） 感想 I will never forget my English teacher…She is a beautiful woman… It was…o’clock, I did…in… I realize that… 叙事和经历类书面表达通过叙述事件的起因、经过和结果表现主题。 写景状物类书面表达通过对事物和景点的描述表现主题。文章宜采用总—分—总的结构或总—分的结 构，模版如下： 介绍景观 介绍旅行 经历 总结旅行感受 … is one of the most beautiful scenery spots. I volunteered a guide to introduce… It was a busy and tired day but I was very happy. （一） 请根据下面的中文要点提示，以＂A Young Businessman Was Murdered＂为题写一篇不少于 90 词左右 的英语短文。 要点如下： 1. 昨晚十点到凌晨一点之间，发生了一起谋杀案； 2 被害人是一名年轻商人，年仅 35 岁。案发时，有人听到了呼救的声音； 3. 据警方描述，被害人是因为刀伤，流血过多而死； 4. 目前凶手在逃，警方悬赏 10,000 元人民币寻求重要线索，……(请发挥 1—2 句) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ _________ （二） 初中生活马上就要结束了，三年的初中生活一定给你留下了挥之不去的记忆。请你给大家讲一下最值 得你回忆的故事，包括时间、人物、事情的经过和事后你的感想。 提示词语：four years, memories, one of, one day, think, happy, sorry 要求如下：1. 短文内容应该包括人物的外貌、性格、爱好和使你难忘之处等； 2. 短文中不得出现真实的校名和人名。 3. 词数 100 左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ （三） 根据所给图画和文字提示，用英语写一篇约 80 词的短文。要求完整叙述图画内容。 提示词 ：放鞭炮 set off firecrackers 雾霾 smog 装扮 decorate ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ （一）（2018 • 湖北黄冈中考） 美丽中国，美丽长江。黄冈是长江边一座美丽的城市。假如你是黄冈某中学的一名中学生李明，请你 以＂美丽的黄冈＂为话題，向你的英国笔友 Tom 介绍一下你美丽的家乡——黄冈。 要点提示：1. 黄冈位于长江之边，大别山之南； 2. 黄冈历史悠久，名人辈出； 3. 黄冈风景迷人，乡村秀美； 4. 人人参与，从小事做起，黄冈人正在努力地保护黄冈的自然环境； 5. 邀请 Tom 来中国，欣赏黄冈更美好的绿水青山、蓝天白云。 写作要求：1. 词数 90 左右(短文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数)； 2. 根据要点提示，可以适当发挥； 3. 短文中不得出现真实的姓名及校名。 参考词汇：lie(位于); Dabie mountains; plant; clean up; clear river and green mountains Dear Tom, Thanks for your last letter. You asked me about my hometown, now let me tell you. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Ming （二） （2017﹒河南）我们每天都要做很多事情，有些还很棘手。请以＂I did it＂为题，并根据要点和要求， 用英语写一篇短文，描述一件你完成的棘手事情。 1. 要点：1)你做了什么事情； 2)你是如何做那件事情的； 3)你做完那件事情后的感受。 2. 要求：1)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 2)词数 80 左右。 I did it ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ _________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ （三） （2017﹒新疆）去年暑假你是在那里度过的呢？是外出度假还是待在家里？都做了些什么呢？请以 My Last Summer Vacation 为题写一篇短文，描述你去年的暑假生活，80-100 词。 要求：1. 条理清楚，语言流畅，语法正确，内容充实； 2. 文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名等信息。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ （四） （2017﹒重庆 B 卷）在我们成长的道路，朋友是不可或缺的那道风景。在相知相伴的岁月里，留下了 多少美好的故事和难忘的回忆! 某英语报社以＂A Story Between My Friend and Me＂为题开展征文活动，请 你按要求用英语写一篇文章参赛。 要求：1. 故事必须原创； 2. 80-120 词，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。 参考要点：1. 分享故事(起因，经过，结果……)； 2. 表达感受(幸福，感动，思考……)； 3. …… A Story between My Friend and Me ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ （五） (2017﹒北京)宽容是一种美德。人与人之间难免会有磕磕绊绊。面对矛盾，多一份包容和谅解，生活就 会多一缕阳光。 某英文网站正在开展以＂包容、谅解＂为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿， 谈谈生活中你原谅他人的一次经历，主要内容包括：你们之间发生了什么，你为什么原谅对方，以及原谅 对方之后的感受。 提示词语：hurt, realize, forgive（原谅）, happy 提示问题：What happened between you and him/her? Why did you decide to forgive him/her? How did you feel after forgiving him/her? I still remember what happened between________________________________________________________[来源:学|科|网] ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ （一） （山东省济南市孙集中学等校 2017 年春季初三英语结业水平考试模拟）根据所给图画，以 Sally Smiled Again 为题用英语写一篇约 80 词的短文。要求完整叙述图画内容。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ （二） 根据所给图画，用英语写一篇约 80 词的短文。要求完整叙述图画内容，描述一下 Mr. and Ms. Green 家 里发生了什么。 参考词汇：burglar n. 窃贼 steal (stole, stolen) v. 偷 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 跟踪训练 （一） 【参考范文】 A murder took place between 10 p.m. last night and 1 a. m. this morning. The victim was a young businessman. He was only 35 years old. Someone heard shouting for help at the time of the crime. The police said that the victim was wounded with a knife and bled to death as a result. The murderer hasn’t been caught so far. The police have offered a reward of 10, 000 yuan for the important clues. Anyone who can provide useful information should contact the police. 【亮点说明】 这篇习作的层次清晰，内容饱满，表达流畅。文中使用了非常好的短语，例如 take place，between…and， shout for help，at the time of，as a result，so far 等。而 The police said that the victim was wounded with a knife and bled to death as a result./ Anyone who can provide useful information should contact the police.等多种从句的 运用更是为文章增色不少。 （二） 【参考范文】 How times flies! I have studied in my school for three years. And I will graduate from middle school in a few days. I am eager to share my happiness and sadness with you. I had so many memories in t hree years’ life. One of them impressed me very much. I still remember, when I began to learn English, I found it too difficult to learn English. No matter how hard I tried, I still couldn’t do well in it and almost gave up. As soon as my English teacher found my problem, she had a talk with me about how to learn English well. Since then, she has kept helping me. Little by little, I’ve become interested in English and I’m good at it. I think I am so lucky to become one of her students. I’ve learned a lot from her. I will try to help others when they are in trouble. I think it is a happy thing to help others. （三） 【思路导航】 考生首先要认真阅读前面的提示认真审题，确定文章的中心。注意文章文体、人称和时态。本文主要 介绍春节前大头儿子和小头爸爸想买鞭炮庆祝春节的故事，因此一般过去时运用较多。根据情景的发展， 按顺序安排好材料。同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，使文章具有一定的连贯性。当然，写作时尤要注 意文章结构的合理，表述的条理性和准确性。学科&网 【参考范文】 One day before the Spring Festival, Xiaotou father and Datou son went shopping, they wanted to buy something to celebrate the Spring Festival. On the way, the father said they should buy some firecrackers, but the son thought setting off firecrackers was very dangerous and it could make more smog. It is bad for people’s health and the environment. The father agreed with him. He suggested they could buy some flowers and grass to decorate their house, the son was very happy to hear that. 真题再现 （一） Dear Tom, Thanks for your last letter. You asked me about my hometown. Now let me tell you. My hometown is Huanggang. It lies by the Yangtze River and at the southern foot of Dabie Mountains. It’s a beautiful city with a long history. A number of famous people come from our city, such as Li siguang, Li shizhen, Wen Yiduo and so on. There are lots of beautiful mountains, rivers and lakes. They are so fascinating that thousands of tourists come to visit Huanggang every year. You can also see beautiful villages everywhere. We are proud of our hometown. Now the people in Huanggang are trying to protect the natural environment. We plant trees as many as possible every year. We stop factories from throwing rubbish into the rivers. Volunteers go to the mountains, forests, parks and streets to clean them up on the weekends. Everyone is playing a role in making our city more and more beautiful. We are taking action! Tom, would you like to come to Huanggang? You can see clear rivers and green mountains as well as blue skies and white cloud. I believe you will fall in love with our city and have a wonderful time. Looking forward to your visit! Best wishes! Yours, Li Ming 【名师点评】 这是一篇给材料作文，以“美丽的黄冈”为话题，向我的英国笔友 Tom 介绍一下我美丽的家乡——黄 冈。结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时，人称为第一、二、三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子 结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：My hometown is……，It lies……，There are……，We are proud of……，Would you like to……? You can……，I believe……等句式的应用。写作中注 意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。 【写作亮点】 本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了黄冈的地理位置，接下来介绍黄冈的历史、风景和环保情况， 最后邀请 Tom 来中国,欣赏黄冈更美好的绿水青山、蓝天白云。此处 ask sb about sth, a number of, be proud of, as…as possible, play a role in doing sth, fall in love with, have a wonderful time 等这些词组的运用也让文章增色 不少。 （二） 【参考范文】 I did it How time flies! I’m fifteen years now. There was one thing that I will never forget. Gone through that matter， I seem to grow up a lot. That was New Year’s Eve last year，the students send each other greeting cards. Cards with their own wishes and sent to good friends. I have also been infected by this atmosphere and ready to join the crowd. Suddenly，I saw a student sitting there alone. That is not the famous ＂naughty King＂ Liu Kai do. But now，he seems like a changed man. How he got it？I looked at him puzzled. Suddenly，I wake up. Certainly because no one sent him a greeting card，and no one said to him words of wish. I could not help feeling sad for him. So I handed him a greeting card，and said to him, ＂Happy holiday!＂ He looked at me then looked at the cards，said happily, ＂Thank you!＂ His eyes filled with happiness. He stood up and said,＂I also have a beautiful card. ＂ Looked at him，and I smiled. How important group is! 【亮点说明】 本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了我做了什么事情；接下来介绍我是如何做那件事情的；最后表 达我做完那件事情后的感受。此处 go through, seem to do sth, stand up, each other, wake up, couldn’t help doing sth, hand sb sth 等这些短语的运用也让文章增色不少。学科&网 （三） 【参考范文】 Last year，I have spent a happy summer holiday. During the holiday，I went to Dalian for a visit，there I saw the beautiful sea，it was really amazing. The sea water was as blue as the sky，and it was very clean as well. Also， the beach in Dalian was very nice，we built a small sand palace. When I was swimming in the sea，as if I was a little fish. I like that feeling very much. That’s my trip to Dalian，it’s really unforgettable. I had a great time. This year， I want to Guilin. 【名师点睛】 首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用 到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当 运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；最后要细心复核检查，确 保正确无误。 （四） 【思路导航】 本书面表达以＂A Story Between My Friend and Me＂为题，根据题目要求知道应该写一篇记叙文，同时 必须完成相应的要点内容，作文的关键是回忆，因此它的基准时态应该以过去时态为主，即一、二要点， 而第三点发表自己对朋友的看法或观点，应该用一般现在时来叙述。写作中注意连词、固定短语的交替使 用，使文意连接紧密，还要注意使用丰富的语句，注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系，最后最好要表达出人物 的感想和看法。 【参考范文】 A Story between My Friend and Me There is always something unforgettable in my life, especially the story between my friend and me. One thing happened in the past had a deep influence on me. Here is the story. On a rainy day, I suddenly fell down and hurt myself badly. My left leg was broken. So I had to stay in hospital for about one month and I was worried about my study. Then my friend Mingming came to see me. When he knew about that, he said he could help me with my study. On hearing this, I didn’t feel worried any more. From that day on, he taught me every day. I was so moved. I didn’t fall behind the other students with Mingming’s help. I thanked him a lot. In my opinion, friends are very important in our life. No matter what happen, true friends will always be friends. 【亮点说明】 本文结构紧凑，语言简练。文中 had a deep influence on, fell down, worried about, help me with my study， fall behind，in my opinion，no matter, and, so 等词(组)的恰当使用，使上下文意连接紧密；本文还采用了丰 富的句型，比如：宾语从句、时间状语从句、No matter 引导的让步状语从句等，大大增加了信息的容量， 使文章增色不少，这是一篇不错的范文。 （五） 【参考范文】 I still remember what happened between me and Tom. Yesterday, I had a fight with my friend Tom. He took away my pen without my agreement. My father bought it for me last year, and I like it very much. His behavior hurt me. I was very angry. For his sorry, he wrote a card:＂Sorry, please forgive me＂. He felt ashamed for what he did. At last I realized that I was too stingy. I choose to forgive him. He was very happy for my forgiveness. I was very happy, too. Through this matter, we became good friends. As the Chinese old saying goes＂To err is human＂. In our whole long life, I believe, nobody can make no mistakes. Children may broke bowls, students may cheat or do something against the teacher, and grown-ups may do something wrong on their work or even something against the law. Keeping something unpleasant in mind does no good to us. Letting the unhappy matters go brings happiness and pleasure back to our life. 【亮点说明】 这是一篇比较优秀的作文，本文很好地完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖所有内容要点；语言表达要符合 英语习惯，准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，用词准确、句子通顺、行文连贯。首先指出原谅的对象，＂I still remember what happened between me and Tom.＂ 接着详细描述发生的事情，先指出矛盾点，＂Yesterday, I had a fight with my friend Tom. He took away my pen without my agreement...＂ 然后，描述转折点，是他认识了错误，给我道歉 For his sorry, he wrote a card:＂ Sorry, please forgive me＂ . He felt ashamed for what he do. 事情发展的最后，我原谅了朋友并拥抱和好，＂I choose to forgive him. He was very happy for my forgiveness. I was very happy, too. Through this matter, we became good friends..＂最后描述自己的感悟 As the Chinese old saying ... Letting the unhappy matters go brings happiness and pleasure back to our life. 模拟检测 （一） 【参考范文】 Sally Smiled Again Last month, one of my classmates, Sally was sad. Her father got ill and stayed in hospital. She had to look after him. So she missed a lot of lessons. In the English exam she failed. During those days she was worried about her father and study. When we learned about that, we decided to help her. Some classmates helped her with her study. Others took turns to care for her father. Our monitor encouraged her to smile at life. Soon Sally caught up with her c lassmates in her study and her father became better and better. Sometimes she joined us in the game. Smile appeared on her face again. 【亮点说明】 本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了 Sally 因照顾生病的父亲，拉下了功课，考试不及格；接下来介 绍我们决定帮助她学习，照顾他的父亲；最后 Sally 的学习赶上了同学们，她的脸上又有笑容了。此处 get ill, look after, be worried about, learn about, decide to do sth, help sb with sth, take turns to do sth, care for, encourage sb to do sth, catch up with 等这些词组的运用也让文章增色不少。 （二） 【参考范文】 One night, Mr. and Ms. Green were sleeping. So was their cat. The cat dreamed of a fish. At that moment, a burglar came into their room quietly from the window. He wanted to steal something from their house. The cat woke up. He fought with the burglar bravely. Being afraid to wake up the Greens, the burglar had to escape from the window again. The brave cat protected the things from being stolen without waking up its owner. 【亮点说明】 这是一篇比较优秀的作文。时态运用正确，内容要点完整、应用词汇灵活准确，句子通顺、行文连贯、 表达清楚，上下文连贯，词数符合要求。