高考英语名词性从句

在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于 名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、 表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在 句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 Discussion: 1，14，8，2，4，20，3，21，23，25，10， 17，5，11，22， 总结1：名词性从句在主句中成份 总结2 ：名词性从句连词有哪些conj（无 as） 无基本结构：what , which, who, whom(宾语 ) 有基本结构的缺定语what, which, whose 有基本结构的缺状语成份的意思when, where, why, how, because 有基本结构的缺意思whether, if,as if/though 完美 that 分析下列宾语从句中的连词 1. I don’t doubt （that ）you will succeed. 2. I don’t know whether/if he will come tonight. 3. I doubt if /whether you will keep your promise. 3个句子中的连词that, whether, if （是否）在名词性 从句中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分,被称为连接词 注意：A. that 本身无意义，在宾语从句中可以省略， 但在别的三种名词性从句中不可以省略。 B. whether 和if有“是否”的意义，在宾语从句中二者通常可以互换。 但whether 可以用于所有的四种名词性从句，而if 仅可 以用于宾语从句。 a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 e. 介词后的宾语从句 f. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do. g whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时 不用if. 不能使用if 的情况： 1. I asked her __________ she had a bike. 2.______ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe. 4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not. 5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well. 6. The question is _________ he should do it. 7.The doctor can hardly answer the question ______ the old man will recover soon. 8. I don’t know _______ to go. if / whether Whether whether whether/if whether whether whether whether （二）、名词性从句连接词的选用 （1）that 和what 的选用 that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。 但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名 词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主 语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从 句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。 that / what 1.______ he wants is a book. 2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is ______ we won the game. 4.This is _____ we want to know. 5.Is _____ he told us true ? 6.We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying. 7. I have no doubt _____ he will come. 8. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon. What That that what what what that what 三.其它连接代词和副词的选用 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义, 正确的选择who、which、when、where、 why、 how 等连接词，这些连接词既具 有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在 从句中充当各种成分。 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。 ________ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided. 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。 I don’t know _________ broke the glass yesterday. 我不知道他长的什么样子。 I have no idea _________ he looks like. 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。 This is _________ I left my glasses. When who what where that 可省略的情况： that不可省略的情况： 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的 引导词that 不能省略 单个宾语从句中的that可省略 We must make it clear that we are against the plan. He told me (that) he would come and that he would come on time. 1.I don’t think ________ she is coming. 2.It is a pity ________ he has made such a mistake. 3.The reason is _________ he is careless . 4.The news ________ our team won the match inspired us. 5.I don’t think it necessary _________ you should read English aloud. 6.He told me __________ his father had died and __________ he had to make a living alone. 7. ____ light travels in straight lines is known to all. (that) that that that that (that) that That 五、名词性从句的语序 （1） 名词性从句构成有两种 a. That + 陈述句 That light travels in straight lines is known to all. This is what we are looking for. b. 疑问词+句子的剩余成分 (2) 疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句 语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。 How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( ) How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( ) 你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？ F T T F 他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。 Could you tell me where he lives? ( ) Could you tell me where does he live? ( ) 1. ___ I can’t understand is ___ she wants to change her mind. A. What; why B. Which; how C. That; why D. What; because 2. ____ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if 3. It is known to us ___ where there is pollution, there is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. that 4.The reason ____ I have to go is ____ my mother is ill in bed. A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because 5.--- Can I help you? --- Yes, do you know ____? A. when comes the bus B. when will come the bus C. when does the bus come D. when the bus comes 6.They lost their way in the forest and ____ made matters worse was ___ night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; what 7._____ knows the truth will tell you about it. A. Who that B. Whoever C. Whom that D. That who 8.I’ll be thankful to _____has helped me. A. whomever B. whom C. whoever D. who 9.My suggestion is ______ we should turn the land into rice fields. A. what B. that C. which D. where 10.My advice is that he ______ his promise. A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept 表示建议、要求、命令的动词或名词，其后从句谓语动 词用should+v.原形 规律总结3:名词性从句需要注意的问题 1.含义及连接词 2.that引导名词性从句不作任何成分，本身无意义， 只起连接作用。that的省略问题。 3. that &what 的选择 4.whether &if 的选择 5.名词性从句的语序（陈述语序） 6.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别 7.一些固定句式结构(I doubt whether…/I don’t doubt that…/ The reason is that…/That is why…/He is no longer what he used to be.) Homework: do the following exercises 1. The man’s innocence was disbelieved until evidence came to light _____ he was trapped by a group who had committed the murder. A. that B. which C. when D. where 2.After three daysˊwaiting，there was a little doubt in Jack’s mind ________ the police could find his lost car. A . how B. that C. where D. whether 3.---It is difficult for corrupt officials to hide abroad nowadays. ---That is it ! The Chinese government will do _____ it takes to get them back. A. whatever B. whoever C. whichever D. wherever 4.---Can I sit in the front row ? --- Yes you can take _____ seat you like. A. whatever B. what C. whichever D. which 5.________ the Malaysia government cares about most is ______ action they are going to take to remove the influence of the disappearance of the Malaysia Airline Flight 370. A .That; that B. What; which C. What; what D. That; what 6.Many developers use Google Maps to show app users their locations and ________ close they are to their friends and restaurants. A．what B. when C. how D. where 7.---Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children? ---No, that’s ________ they are mistake. A．what B. when C. where D. how 8.Some experts hold the view that fundamental construction is ______ the key to the little development lies. A. which B. what C. where D. why 9.The photographs will show you_______. A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 10.----What did he want to know，Anne？ -----He asked ________ we could finish painting the room. A . when was it that B. when it was that C. What it was that D. it was when that 11·It is not just the size of the Olympic Games but ____ they mean to us ________ makes them unique. A . which; that B. that; that C. that; because D. what; that 12.---- It’s my treat today. Is there anything particular you would like to have? -----________ you choose is fine with me. A . Whatever B. Whichever C. Anything what D. No matter what 13.---- what has made him look like lacking sleep ? ----- ________ his wife is ill and he has to get up several times at night to attend to her. A .For B. / C. That D. What 14. Protesters calling for a higher minimum wage gathered on Tuesday in Miami ,as a part of _____organizers called“ a day of action” nationwide to improve the salaries of fast food workers in the United States ______ are badly paid. A. which，who B. what，that C. what，how D. how，which