2020山东省高考英语压轴卷（Word版附解析）

2020 山东省高考压轴卷 英语试题 本试卷共 120 分, 考试时间 100 分钟。考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1.答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在 条形码区域内。 2.选择题必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工 整、笔迹清楚。 3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草 稿纸、试卷上答题无效。 4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。 5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱。不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A MarineLand Theme Park With numerous rides, a variety of wildlife from both land and sea and shows filled with action-packed excitement, no wonder it's a hit with visitors from all over the world. Whether riding on the world's biggest steel roller coaster, Dragon Mountain, or enjoying a show filled with fun-loving dolphins and intelligent whales, you ’ re sure to have the time of your life at MarineLand. Having been in business for more than 50 years, this park has something for every member of the family! Highlights＆Attractions: The King Waldorf Stadium Show：This entertaining, educational and heart-warming show features dolphins, white whales, sea lions, and walruses and is sure to leave you in awe as well as help you understand and appreciate these wonderful marine mammals(海洋哺乳动物). Arctic Cove: It featuring one of the largest white whale collections in the world, visitors are able to purchase a pass to Arctic Cove where they can touch and feed the whales as well as view them underwater. Friendship Cove: Breathtaking underwater viewing allows you to enter the magic world of the killer whale below the water surface or on a surface level walkway. Hotels： Villager Lodge: It is located in Niagara Falls, Ontario. Diplomat Inn: Within half a mile of the Skylon Tower, it is the choice for an inexpensive location. Marriott Niagara Falls Fallsview Hotel&Spa: It is close to popular attractions and the Scotiabank Convention Center. Days Inn Lundy's Lane: It is located just two miles from the gorgeous Niagara Falls and the Skylon Tower Observation Deck. Hours of Operation:10:00 am-5:00 pm(Sept. 11th—Oct. 13th) Phone:417—823—09811. What can be learned about MarineLand Theme Park? A. It is only suitable for kids B. It was opened fifty years ago. C. It has both land and marine animals. D. It has the world's biggest roller coaster. 2. What is special about Arctic Cove? A. It has the largest white whale collection in the world. B. It allows visitors to enter the magic world of the killer whale. C. It features an entertaining show starring various marine mammals. D. It provides visitors with a chance to interact with white whales personally. 3. Which hotel suits you best if you have a tight budget? A. Diplomat Inn. B. Villager Lodge. C. Days Inn Lundy's Lane. D. Marriott Niagara Fails Fallsview Hotel&Spa. B With bushfires continuing to swallow different parts of Australia, a local zoo in New South Wales-- the state which is the easiest to catch fire--has hit the headlines with a heartwarming story. Right in the line of a bushfire, the keepers of Mogo Wildlife Park managed to protect all 200 animals from harm after they received evacuation orders, according to reports. Netizens were quick to react on social media and praised the bravery of the zoo keeper and staffs, as they stayed and managed to protect animals from uncontrolled fires and even sheltered some at their own house. The 40-year-old zoo keeper, Chad Staples, described the situation as the worst catastrophe, which felt like Armageddon (大决战) here. Luckily, his team had made a precise plan ahead of time by moving everything flammable from the area and the larger animals to safe places. What’s remarkable is that as the smaller ones needed extra shelter, Staples decided to take them to his own house. “Right now in my house there are animals of all descriptions in all the different rooms. They are safe and protected … not a single animal lost,” he said. BBC news also mentioned that “there’s a tiger to the back of the house.” Some media outlets highlighted the “heroic job” in their headlines. Online users also reacted with thumbs-up and were glad to see all the staff and animals coming through the horrific fire. Located in the southern coast of New South Wales, Mogo Wildlife Park houses Australia’s largest collection of primates, also including different and unique animals such as zebras, giraffes, rhinos and red pandas. 4. New South Wales hits the headlines because of ________. A. its famous zoo B. its endangered animals C. the heartwarming event D. being easy to catch fire 5. Which of the following is true about Mogo Wildlife Park? .A. It belongs to Chad Staples. B. None of the animals is missing. C. It merely holds rare animal species. . Extra shelters were built for emergencies. 6. Which word can probably describe Chad Staples? A. Irresponsible. B. Considerate. C. Selfish. D. Energetic. 7. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. The Heroic Job B. The Horrific Fire C. The Extinct Animals D. The Brave Zoo Keeper C “ The moment before they called my name, I was really nervous because the other finalists’ presentations are really good and I thought they would win, ” Kara Fan, 14, who has won America’ s Top Young Scientist, told Yahoo Finance. “ When they announced my name, I was really surprised actually. ” To win that claim, Fan’ s nano-particle liquid bandage had to surpass the experiments of hundreds of fifth to eighth graders as well as nine other finalists. Fan started developing her liquid bandage in April 2019 to fight the overuse of antibiotics(抗生素). According to the CDC, roughly 2 million people every year suffer a bacterial infection in the U. S. and about 23, 000 passed away as a result. If left alone, a UN study reported, drug- resistant diseases or the “ superbug” could lead to 10 million deaths across the globe by 2050. When Fan’ s sprayable bandage dries on a person’ s skin, it creates a thin layer that protects the wounded area while breaking the cell wall and killing the bacteria on the skin. After experimenting with copper nitrate(硝酸铜) to fight bacteria, switching to the silver nitrate ended up being the major catalyst (催化剂) to seeing results for her award-winning project. “ Thousands of years ago, ancient people would use copper and silver to eat with and they would drink water from like copper bowls to kill bacteria, ” Fan explained. “ I found out that it didn’t work. So I used nano silver. ” Sir Alexander Fleming’ s discovery of penicillin— a type of antibiotic— is Fan’ s favorite scientific discovery. That said she doesn’ t think humans should rely too heavily on penicillin. Following her years at Westview High School, Fan hopes to continue her biology track at Stanford University. Along with the ＄ 25, 000 cash prize she won on October 29, becoming Amer-ica’ s Top Young Scientist may help get the private university’ s attention. 8. How did Kara Fan feel about her winning the prize? A. Confident. B. Regretful. C. Proud. D. Unexpected. 9. For what purpose did Fan develop her liquid bandage? A. To fight overuse of antibiotics. B. To enter a national contest. C. To reduce deaths from injuries. D. To get into a good university. ,10. Which of the following does Fan use to kill bacteria? A. Copper nitrate. B. Copper. C. Silver. D. Nano silver. 11. What might be Fan’ s opinion about penicillin？ A. Addictive. B. Valuable. C. Useless. D. Irreplaceable. D A 2018 report found that food waste would increase by a third to 2. 1billion tons by 2030. Beyond the cost of the waste itself ， thrown-away food generates a gas that contributes to climate change. Home delivery meal kits(盒)can reduce food waste by more than two-thirds，but suppliers need to switch to reusable packaging to make them environmentally friendly. Tailor-made meal kits cut waste by providing people with precise amounts of fresh ingredients( 烹 饪 原 料 )for chosen recipes ， meaning leftovers are minimized. But while the delivery services score well on reducing food waste，buying the same food ingredients from the supermarket almost always saves energy overall simply because meal kits use so much single-use packaging. The good news is that if people have meals that are tailored for consumption，they won’t overbuy and have less food waste. They fine-tune the amount of food to what they will actually eat. Meal kits can reduce transport emissions( 排 放 )if people go to the supermarket less frequently. If people only go and buy such goods as soap and toilet paper，they may only have to visit once every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry meals for a lot of people in the neighborhood. So dozens of car trips might be replaced with one truck trip. However，study found that even if delivery meal kits reduced food waste to zero，they would still use up more energy overall than buying the same food from the supermarket unless the energy used for the meal kit packaging was cut by a fifth. The packaging is a killer if it’s single-use and thrown away ， which can make all the environmental benefits lost. But if the packaging can be reused，if it’s glass bottles，like in the old days，we can get some benefits. 12. What can we learn about home delivery meal kits? A. They can cut down on daily expenses. B. They will totally solve the problem of food waste. C. They can keep energy consumption to a minimum. D. They will benefit the environment with reusable packaging. 13. What does the underlined word“fine-tune”in paragraph 3 mean? A. Attach.B. Adjust. C. Raise. D. Compare. 14. The author suggests carrying meals with a delivery truck to__________. A. reduce transport emissions B. save more food C. shop only in the supermarket D. shorten car trip distances 15. What’s the author’s attitude to meal kits? A. Supportive. B. Unfavorable. C. Objective. D. Indifferent.第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Urban Wildlife Cities are diverse ecosystems. In addition to visitors from the wild, a large number of species share our urban areas. As our cities spread, we need to think about what it is like for other species to have human neighbors. Cities are built for humans. 16 For example, most city parks are kept neat and tidy so that humans will find them beautiful. But when we cut grass or plant flowers, we destroy natural habitats. 17 When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineers added small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats. 18 Now, they have come to value their winged neighbors. The bats are a tourist attraction, and they eat lots of bugs every night. There are also structures built with the aim of bringing wildlife into the city. The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good example. The park used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife. The result is a zone in Beijing with over 160 species of birds. In many ways, the park is the opposite of a zoo. 19 If we learn to share our space, we can become better neighbors to the wildlife around us. 20 Our own future will be endangered too. A. They are built to protect birds. B. Our actions sometimes help other species. C. If we do not, more species will become extinct. D. They do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife. E. Instead of being kept in cages, wildlife can move about freely. F. At first, people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them. G. They would sit on it and their droppings would fall into the water. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Meals on Wheels delivery service is for those facing life-threatening illnesses like Borden did back in 2012. She had just finished a Master's program in ___21___ when she was diagnosed (诊 断)with cancer called Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. Soon, her mother was diagnosed with cancer. Borden moved to Grand Rapids, Michigan to take care of herself while ___22___ her mother. ''It's a ___23___ time in your life when you have great need for nutrition but you can’t provide healthy ___24___ for yourself, '' Borden said. ''Having a Master's in Nutrition, I knew how ___25___ nourishment was during my cancer treatment and recovery. '' She started Revive and Thrive while going through treatment, ___26___ out to local hospitals and kitchens to get the organization off the ground. Soon she was ___27___ meals for patients referred to her by social workers, nurses and doctors in the area. She ___28___ each patient to get a sense of what their nutrition needs are and how long they'll need help. Then, she gets to ___29___ . ''Serving meals to patients is equally important as teaching them to cook healthy foods, to ____30____ job skills, life skills and the joy of being able to ____31____ others in their community, ''Borden says. She works with a head chef who ____32____ the nutrient-rich meals and makes sure each meal contains the essential vitamins and proteins that a person fighting a life-threatening illness ____33____ . ''When you're ____34____ and dealing with cancer by yourself, it can cause you more depression. Knowing somebody cares about what you eat is ____35____ , '' she said. 21. A. medicine B. education C. economics D. nutrition 22. A. nursing B. teaching C. guiding D. training 23. A. dangerous B. hard C. common D. valuable 24. A. 1ifestyles B. spirit C. meals D. sleep 25. A. rare B. adequate C. comfortable D. important 26. A. going B. calling C. reaching D. speaking 27. A. enjoying B. preparing C. checking D. comparing 28 A. tells B. cures C. exams D. meets 29. A. rest B. work C. schoo1 D. bed 30. A. 1earn B. show C. require D. test 31. A. judge B. serve C. gather D. relax 32. A. eats B. expects C. creates D. proves 33. A. needs B. makes C. shares D. provides 34. A. alone B. wise C. old D. free 35. A. interesting B. amusing C. amazing D. inspiring 第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Acupuncture ( 针 灸 ) is a traditional Chinese medical practice of treating ___36__ (vary) physical and mental conditions. It gained respect and interest in the United States after New York Times journalist James Reston visited China with President Nixon and needed an operation. Chinese doctors used acupuncture on Reston after surgery ___37___ (reduce) his pain, and his recovery was swift. Curious about this, Reston ___38___ (allow) to watch surgery on patients 39 received acupuncture for anesthesia ( 麻 醉 ). Patients talked with their doctors during the operation and then walked back to their rooms 40 their own. The effectiveness of acupuncture left Reston such a deep impression that he wrote a front-page article in the New York Times about his operation 41 (immediate) after he returned to the United States.“A leading medical specialist sent by Premier Chou En-lai 42 (remove) my appendix (阑尾). I was conscious in 43 whole process.” The National Institutes of Health (NIH) began to sponsor some of their top physicians to visit China to investigate acupuncture and its possible 44 (function) in western medicine. With years 45 (go) by, acupuncture has earned itself a great reputation across the world with magical effect. 第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分 40 分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 46.假定你是李华。你的外籍教师 John 本打算春季开学时返回中国，现因新冠（COVID－19） 疫情待在 London 家中。你在英语学习中遇到了一些困难，请给他写一封 email 寻求帮助。 .内容如下： 1.询问 John 的健康情况； 2.告知学习中的困难； 3.请求帮助。 注意：1.词数 80 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分 25 分) 47.阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整 短文。续写 的词数应为 150 左右。 There was once a wonderful old man who loved everything: animals, spiders, insects and allsorts of living things. One day while walking through the woods, the old man found a cocoon(茧) . He decided to take the cocoon home to watch its beautiful transformation from a little cocoon to a beautiful butterfly. A few days later, the cocoon started to move. It moved frantically! He sat and watched it struggle and struggle for several hours. But it seemed not to make any progress. Then the old man felt sorry for the little butterfly inside, and rushed to its aid. With a pair of scissors and gently, he cut a little opening in the cocoon so the butterfly could come out. And then the butterfly came out of its cocoon. It had a swollen body and small, fragile wings, but it never was able to fly. He was quite puzzled. Had he accidentally killed the little butterfly? No, it was still moving a little bit. Maybe it was sick. Then he decided that the best thing he could do for the butterfly was to place it gently back into its cocoon. He did so, and placed a drop of honey on it to seal the cocoon, leaving the butterfly to nestle (筑巢) in its natural state. The next day he noticed that the cocoon was moving again. It struggled and struggled. Finally the butterfly broke free from its cocoon and stretched its wings out. Its beautiful wings were filled with wonderful colors! It took off! It was flying! The wonderful butterfly flew and flew till it was almost out of the old man’ s sight. What a joy, he exclaimed! But then he started to think: what did I do wrong by trying to help that beautiful little butterfly out at first? Paragraph 1： Finally the answer came out. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 的____________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分) A 1. C 2. D 3. A B 4.C 5. B 6. B 7.D C 8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B D 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分) 16. D 17. B 18. F 19. E 20.C 第二部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分) 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. D 第三节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 满分 15 分) 本文是一篇说明文，讲述了中国的针灸治疗在美国及西方国家的发展。 36. various/varied 37. to reduce 38. was allowed 39. who/that 40. on 41. immediately 42. removed 43. the 44. functions 45. going 第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分 40 分) 第一节(满分 15 分) Dear John, How are you doing recently? I'm sorry to hear that you have to stay home in London because of the outbreak of COVID－19. I think you will take good care of your health in this emergency period, as you are a cautious person and will respond to the call for epidemic prevention. Although the epidemic situation in our country has been under control, we are still having online lessons at home. Unfortunately, I'm having some trouble with my English study. What has been bothering me recently is that I have difficulty in making sentences with new words. I hope you can give me some useful advice, as you are very experienced in dealing with such problems. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分 25 分) Paragraph 1： Finally the answer came out. What the man in his kindness and haste did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were Nature's way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon. Paragraph 2： Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life. If we were allowed to go through our life without any obstacles and difficulties, it would cripple us. We would not be as strong as what we could have been. And we could never fly. In fact, it is necessary to live with some difficulties. And it is these obstacles and difficulties that make us strong and get prepared for the greater challenges in our life. 【解析】 第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分) A 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 MarineLand Theme Park 的特色，以及票价和开放时 间等。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的 With numerous rides, a variety of wildlife from both land and sea 可 知，MarineLand Theme Park 既有陆地生物也有海洋生物。C. It has both 1and and marine animals.(既有陆地生物也有海洋生物)符合以上说法，故选 C 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Arctic Cove 介绍中的 visitors are able to purchase a pass to Arctic Cove where they can touch and feed the whales as well as view them underwater 可知，游客可以触 摸并喂食鲸鱼，也可以在水底观察它们，即与鲸鱼互动。D. It provides visitors with a chance to interact with white whales personally.(为游客提供了亲自和鲸鱼互动的机会)符合以上说法， 故选 D 项。 【3 题详解】细节理解题。根据 Diplomat Inn 介绍中的 it is the choice for an inexpensive location 可知， Diplomat Inn 是比较便宜的旅店，适合预算紧张的游客。故选 A 项。 B 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了澳大利亚一位动物管理员为保护动物免受失控火灾的伤害 所做的努力。 4.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段 With bushfires continuing to swallow different parts of Australia, a local zoo in New South Wales - the state which is the easiest to catch fire - has hit the headlines with a heartwarming story.可知，新南威尔士州因为这个温暖人心的事件而成为头 条新闻。故选 C。 5.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段“Right now in my house there are animals of all descriptions in all the different rooms. They are safe and protected … not a single animal lost,” he said.可知，Mogo 野生动物园没有一只动物失踪。故选 B。 6.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中 Luckily, his team had made a precise plan ahead of time by moving everything flammable from the area and the larger animals to safe places.可知， Chad Staples 是个考虑周全的人。故选 B。 7.D 【解析】主旨大意题。通读文章可知，文章主要记叙了澳大利亚新南威尔士州一家当地 动物园中动物管理员在接到森林大火的疏散令后，留下来保护动物免受失控火灾的伤害，甚 至把一些动物关在自己家里，成功地保护了所有 200 只动物。可知，“勇敢的动物园管理员” 能够概况本文中心。故选 D。 C 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国最佳青年科学家奖的卡拉·范发明液体绷带的故事。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ When they announced my name, I was really surprised actually. ”可知，卡拉·范说：“当他们宣布我的名字时，我真的很惊讶”，由此可知，卡 拉·范对自己的获奖感到很意外，故 D 项正确。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fan started developing her liquid bandage in April 2019 to fight the overuse of antibiotics”可知，卡拉·范于 2019 年 4 月开始发明液体绷带，以对抗抗生素 的过度使用，故 A 项正确。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“ Thousands of years ago, ancient people would use copper and silver to eat with and they would drink water from like copper bowls to kill bacteria, ” Fan explained. “ I found out that it didn’t work. So I used nano silver. ”可知，范解释说：“几 千年前，古人会用铜和银吃饭，他们会喝铜碗里的水来杀灭细菌。”，但我发现这不起作用， 所以我用了纳米银（来杀菌），故 D 项正确。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sir Alexander Fleming’ s discovery of penicillin— a type of antibiotic— is Fan’ s favorite scientific discovery.”可知，亚历山大弗莱明发现的青霉素是范 最喜欢的科学发现，由此可知，范认为青霉素是有价值的，故 B 项正确。 D 本文是一篇说明文。套餐可以减少食物浪费，但包装是个问题。家庭送餐包可以减少超 过三分之二的食物浪费，但供应商需要改用可重复使用的包装，使其更加环保。【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段 Home delivery meal kits(盒)can reduce food waste by more than two-thirds，家庭送餐包可以减少三分之二的食物浪费。可以得知可利用的包装对环保有益。 故选 D。 【13 题详解】 词义猜测题。第三段主要讲述量身定制餐会降低浪费。They fine-tune the amount of food to what they will actually eat. 人们可以根据将要吃多少来调整食物数量。故选 B。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 Meal kits can reduce transport emissions(排放)if people go to the supermarket less frequently. If people only go and buy such goods as soap and toilet paper，they may only have to visit once every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry meals for a lot of people in the neighborhood. So dozens of car trips might be replaced with one truck trip.得知餐 盒可以减少对交通排放，运送卡车可以一次给小区很多人送餐饭，减少交通排放。故选 A。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 However，study found that even if delivery meal kits reduced food waste to zero，they would still use up more energy overall than buying the same food from the supermarket unless the energy used for the meal kit packaging was cut by a fifth.得知研究表明 外卖饭盒比超市买食物会耗费更多的能源，But if the packaging can be reused，if it’s glass bottles，like in the old days，we can get some benefits.但是如果这些包装能够被再利用，对我 们还是会有一些益处的。作者对饭盒的使用是客观的态度。故选 C。 第四节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分) 这是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与环境，文章介绍了作者关于人类城市与野生动物关系的思 考。 16. D 【解析】考查考生理解段内衔接关系的能力。空格前说 Cities are built for humans，空 格后的 For example 举例可知，城市并不总是为野生动物提供住所，故选 D。 17. B 【解析】考查考生理解篇章布局、建立段内和段际关系的能力。此处设空在段首，考 虑到段首句的作用，往往为主题句；由后面细节句提供的内容可知，我们人类的行为有时是 可以帮助到野生动物的，故选 B。 18. F 【解析】考查考生理解段内衔接关系的能力。根据空后句的时间标志词可以判断空所 填句子与后文内容存在叙述和时间节点的对照关系，故选 F。 19. E 【解析】考查考生理解篇章布局、建立段内衔接关系的能力。根据空格位置关系可知， 其填写内容一定与空前句存在话题一致、内容上的承接关系，故选 E。 20. C 【解析】考查考生理解篇章布局、建立段内衔接关系的能力。根据上文谈及人类如果 能够与野生动物共享城市空间的好处，且空格后句子所涉及内容与空前句形成比照关系，以 及空后句的标志词 too, 可确定答案，故选 C。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分) 这是一篇继续文。文章讲述了 Borden 在自己被诊断为癌症后，成立了一个组织为癌症 病人提供健康的饮食，她认为有人关心自己的饮食会让病人受到鼓舞，更好地抗击疾病。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她刚完成一个营养学的硕士项目，就被诊断得了名为 Invasive Ductal Carcinoma 的癌症。A. medicine 药物；B. education 教育；C. economics 经济；D. nutrition 营养。根据下文的 Having a Master's in Nutrition 可知 Borden 是学营养学的，故选 D 项。 【22 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Borden 搬到了密西根州的 Grand Rapids 去照顾自己和她的妈妈。 A. nursing 照顾；B. teaching 教；C. guiding 指导；D. training 训练。根据上文的 Soon, her mother was diagnosed with cancer.可知她的妈妈也生病了，故此处用“照顾”语境，nurse 和 take care of 是 同义词复现，故选 A 项。 【23 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Borden 说：“这是你生命中一段艰难的日子，在这期间你需 要大量的营养，但是你不能给自己提供健康的饮食。” A. dangerous 危险的；B. hard 艰难的； C. common 常见的；D. valuable 珍贵的。根据上文的 Soon, her mother was diagnosed with cancer.可知此处用“艰难日子”符合语境，故选 B 项。 【24 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. 1ifestyles 生活方式；B. spirit 精神；C. meals 餐，饮 食；D. sleep 睡眠。根据下文的 Soon she was ___7___ meals for patients referred to her by social workers, nurses and doctors in the area.可知此处用“饮食”符合语境，meal 是原词复现，故 选 C 项。 【25 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“作为一个营养学硕士，在我的癌症治疗和恢复期间我知道了 营养物质是多么重要。” A. rare 稀少的；B. adequate 充足的；C. comfortable 舒服的； D. important 重要的。结合常识可知，营养物质对于病人来说很重要，故选 D 项。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在治疗期间启动了 Revive and Thrive，求助于当地的医院和餐 厅，让组织发展起来。A. going 去；B. calling 叫；C. reaching 到达；D. speaking 说。结合句 意可知，此处考查短语 reach out“求助于”，故选 C 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，她就为那些通过社工、护士和医生向她求助的病人准备饮 食。A. enjoying 享受；B. preparing 准备；C. checking 检查；D. comparing 比较。结合上下文 可知，Borden 成立的 Revive and Thrive 就是为病人准备健康饮食的组织，故选 B 项。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她亲自和每位病人见面，了解她们需要的营养物质，以及需要多 长时间的帮助。A. tells 告诉；B. cures 治愈；C. exams 检查；D. meets 见面。结合句意可知， 此处是指 Borden 去和每个病人见面了解他们所需营养的情况，故选 D 项。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她开始工作。A. rest 休息； B. work 工作；C. schoo1 学 校；D. bed 床。结合上下文可知，此处是指 Borden 了解了病人的需求后，开始营养餐的准 备工作，故选 B 项。 【30 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Borden 说：“给病人提供营养餐和教他们做营养餐、学会工作 和生活技能、享受为社区的为他人服务同等重要。” A. 1earn 学习；B. show 展示；C. require 要求；D. test 测试。结合句意可知，此处是指帮助病人学会生活和工作技能，故选 A 项。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. judge 判断；B. serve 服务；C. gather 收集；D. relax 放松。根据上文''Serving meals to patients is equally important as teaching them to cook healthy foods 可知此处用“服务”符合语境，serve 是原词复现，故选 B 项。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个主厨合作，主厨负责开发富含营养的饮食，并确保每一餐都包含了一个人抗击疾病所需要的基本的维他命和蛋白质。A. eats 吃；B. expects 期待； C. creates 开发，创造；D. proves 证明。结合句意可知，主厨的任务是开发和制作营养餐， 故选 C 项。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. needs 需要；B. makes 制作；C. shares 分享；D. provides 提供。结合句意可知，此处是指抗击疾病所需的营养物质，故选 A 项。 【34 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“当你一个人独自抗击癌症时，你会更加沮丧。知道有 人关心你的饮食是鼓舞人心的。“A. alone 一个人，独自；B. wise 明智的；C. old 冷的；D. free 免费的。根据 by yourself 可知此处用“一个人”符合语境，故选 A 项。 【35 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. interesting 有趣的；B. amusing 令人开心的；C. amazing 令人吃惊的；D. inspiring 鼓舞人心的。结合上下文可知，此处是指病人知道有人关心自己的 饮食会让他们受到鼓舞、精神振作，故选 D 项。 第五节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 满分 15 分) 本文是一篇说明文，讲述了中国的针灸治疗在美国及西方国家的发展。 36. various/varied 【解析】考查形容词。所填词作定语，修饰名词短语 physical and mental conditions 用形容词，故填 various/varied。 37. to reduce 【解析】考查非谓语动词。所填词作目的状语，所以填动词不定式，故填 to reduce。 38. was allowed 【解析】考查时态语态。所填词作谓语，陈述的是过去的事情，主语 Reston 与 allow 之间是被动关系，应该用一般过去时的被动语态，且谓语动词用单数形式，故填 was allowed。 39. who/that 【解析】考查定语从句。所填词引导定语从句，关系词指代先行词 patients 并 在从句中作主语，故填 who/that。 40. on【解析】考查介词。on one's own 独立地，是固定短语，故填 on。 41. immediately 【解析】考查副词。修饰动词 wrote，用副词，故填 immediately。 42. removed【解析】考查时态。所填词作谓语，陈述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故 填 removed。 43. the 【解析】考查冠词。特指那个手术的整个过程，故填 the。 44. functions 【解析】考查名词的数。function 是可数名词，此处指不止一种作用，应该用 复数形式，故填 functions。 45. going 【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，years 与 go 之 间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作宾补，故填 going。 第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分 40 分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。 第 1 步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假定你是李华。你的外籍教师 John 本 打算春季开学时返回中国，现因新冠（COVID－19）疫情待在 London 家中。你在英语学习 中遇到了一些困难，请给他写一封 email 寻求帮助,内容如下：1.询问 John 的健康情况；2.告 知学习中的困难；3.请求帮助。时态应为一般现在时。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：outbreak(爆发)，emergency period(非常时 期)，epidemic prevention(防疫)，useful(有用的)，experienced(有经验的)及 cautious(谨慎的)等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 保持卷面的整洁美观。 第二节(满分 25 分) 本篇书面表达是读后续写，要求根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段。 【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，本文要求续写两段：阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段 落开头语写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为 150 左右，时态应为一般过去 时。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； kindness(善良)，haste(草率)，restricting(限 制的)，struggle(努力)，spread(传播)，require(需要)，obstacle(障碍)，difficulty(困难)，flight(飞 行)，freedom(自由)，cripple(使变残)及 challenge(挑战)等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 保持卷面的整洁美观。