英语.doc

2019 届全国高三开年摸底大联考 全国 I 卷 英语 参考答案解析及评分标准 听力 1—5 CACAB 6—10 ABCAB 11—15 CBACB 16—20 ACBAB 阅读理解 21—24 DBCA 25—28 BACD 29—31 ACB 32—35 ABDA 36—40 BAFGC 完形填空 41—45 ABCDA 46—50 CDABD 51—55 BCADB 56—60 CACBD 语篇填空 61. Its 62. where 63. benefits 64. Cycling 65. but 66. actively 67. what 68. has grown 69. was chosen 70. to encourage 短文改错 It is known that there are a lot of inventions in history. Many of which play an important role them in people’s life and some even have been greatly changed the world. In my opinion, a mobile phone is the most important invention. The mobile phone makes∧ the it possible for us to communicate conveniently with others. We could get comfort whenever we are can upset and we run into trouble. What’s worse, with the rapid development of electronic equipments, or more equipment the mobile phone is getting smaller but more powerfully. Nowadays, we can also use a mobile powerful phone to search for information or even shopping online. shop 书面表达 Dear Peter, How is everything? I am glad to receive your letter and I am writing to offer some advice. In your letter, you said that you are going to take part in a Chinese speech contest, and you are a little nervous. I think it would help you if you prepared fully in advance because it is of great importance to do so. You can make a speech in front of the mirror or your family members to reduce your nervousness. And during the speech you should have confidence in yourself and keep smiling. In order to give the judges a good impression, you should use concise language and continue to speak even if you forget some words. The judges will prefer speakers who are confident in themselves. I hope you will succeed in the contest. I firmly believe you are the best. I would be very happy if my advice could be helpful. Wish you good luck! Yours, Li Hua 评分标准及细则 第五档（很好）：（21~25 分）1. 完全完成了试题规定的任务。 2. 覆盖所有内容要点。 3. 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。 4. 语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能 力。 5. 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 6. 完全达到了预期的写作目的。 第四档（好）：（16~20 分） 1. 完全完成了试题规定的任务。 2. 虽漏掉 1、2 个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。 3. 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 4. 语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。 5. 应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 6. 达到了预期的写作目的。 第三档（适当）：（11~15 分） 1. 基本完成了试题规定的任务。 2. 虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。 3. 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 4. 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。 5. 应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。 6. 整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。 第二档（较差）：（6-10 分） 1. 未恰当完成试题规定的任务。 2. 漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。 3. 语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。 4. 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。 5. 较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。 6. 信息未能清楚地传达给读者。 第一档（差）：（1~5 分） 1. 未完成试题规定的任务。 2. 明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。 3. 语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。 4. 较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。 5. 缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。 6. 信息未能传达给读者。 不得分：（0 分） 答案详解 阅读理解 A 篇 本篇是一篇应用文。讲了四个独特奇怪的旅馆。 21. D 细节理解题 根据第一个 V8 Hotel 中内容 The V8 Hotel in Meilenwerk, Germany may be your cup of teaif you are a car lover. 可知答案为 D。 22. B 细节理解题 根据第二个 Dog Bark Park Inn 中的内容 Since this hotel is extremely popular with visitors, you should book in advance. 中 book in advance 提前预定，可知答案为 B。 23. C 推理判断题 根据第三个 Das Park Hotel 内容 You should pay for the bathroom and kitchen equipment.可 知如果你想做饭的话，要交额外的钱。故选 C。 24. A 细节理解题 根据第四个 The Hobbit Motel 内容 The inside of the hotel is very cosy and homelike.可知答 案为 A。 B 篇 本篇是一篇记叙文。讲述了服装设计者 Romy McCloskey 救助受伤得帝王蝶，并鼓励大家救助蝴蝶。 25. B 细节理解题 根据第二段内容 and then she began to raise Monarch butterflies in memory of her mother.可 知答案为 B。 26. A 推理判断题 根据文章第二段内容“My heart soared with him,for sure.”可判断答案为 A。 27. C 推理判断题 根据文章最后一段内容 but warns ‘that you have a steady hand or you could cause more harm than good.’可知答案为 C。 28. D 主旨大意题 整篇文章讲述了服装设计者 Romy McCloskey 救助受伤得帝王蝶，并鼓励大家救助蝴蝶。 故选 D。 C 篇 这是一篇说明文。讲述了英国伦敦 Postal Museum 展示了 75 年前使用的 Mail Rail，解释了它的开始， 保养和传奇。现在向公众开放。 29. A 细节理解题 根据第二段内容：“for Britain’s postal system”和“introduced as a response to heavy traffic on the streets of London,which was delaying the delivery of post.”可知答案为 A。 30. C 细节理解题 根据第三段最后一句话 The reopening provides an opportunity for the public to learn about the city’s underground heritage(遗产) first hand.可知答案为 C。 31. B 主旨大意题 通读整篇文章和本篇文章的第一段内容可判断文章讲的是伦敦新的 Postal Museum。 D 篇 本篇是一篇说明文。讲述了在肯尼亚禁止使用塑料袋来减少污染。 32. A 词义猜测题 根据该词所在这句话 those found violating the new regulation could be given a maximum fine of 40,000 dollars 的意思可判断 violating 的意思为 breaking(违反)，故选 A。 33. B 简单推断题 根据第二段内容 However, some businessmen disagree with the ban, saying that jobs will be lost and that there will be difficulty earning a living.可知答案为 B。 34. D 细节理解题 根据文章第三段最后一句话 If we continue like this, by 2050, we will have more plastic in the ocean than fish, seriously affecting wildlife and tourism.可知答案为 D。 35. A 推理判断题 根据最后一段“Kenya is taking important action to remove an ugly stain on its outstanding natural beauty. It should be awarded for its environmental leadership. It’s a great example that I hope will inspire others and help drive further commitments to the Clean Sea campaign.”可判断答案为 A，肯尼亚的做法值得赞 扬。 七选五阅读 本文是说明文。讲述了为什么电子游戏对孩子们是有好处的。 36. B 转折关系，承上启下。此空前面为作为家长，比起电子游戏对孩子们的好处，我们更多关注电子游 戏对孩子们潜在的危险。后面为如果你知道要寻找什么，电子游戏对于帮助孩子们培养某种生活技能来说 是一种强有力的工具。故选 B。 37. A 考查段落大意。根据本段内容可知电子游戏可以帮助孩子们的脑力发展和解决问题的技能。故选 A。 38. F 考查上下文的逻辑关系。上面的句意为大部分孩子把电子游戏看作是社会活动，而不是孤立的。下文句意为它们允许孩子们出去和朋友一起玩。故选 F. 39. G 考查总结归纳。注意本段第一句话中 teach 和选项中的原词 teach 复现。本段讲述的是教别人可以建 造社交和沟通技能，还有耐心。故选 G. 40. C 考查上下文的逻辑关系。根据后文反过来，电子游戏可以鼓励你的孩子和你一起分享她的问题和成 功。故选 C。和孩子一起玩游戏促进容易的交谈。 完形填空 这是一篇夹叙夹议的记叙文。讲述了作者的女儿严重车祸后脑部受伤住进医院，在医院里病人们请求作者 帮忙做一个漂亮的篮子作为圣诞节礼物送给护士。同时作者也收到了病人们给她的 thank you 贺卡，作者 非常感动。体现了爱和支持的重要性。 41. A 根据后面的 brain injuries 可判断作者的女儿在车祸中脑部受伤。故选 A。 42. B 根据前文这个医院里充满了脑部受伤或相关问题的病人们。unsolved 没有解决的 related 相关的 financial 金融上的 social 社会的 43. C 根据文章内容，此处为作者每天一次去看望她的女儿。visit 看望，拜访 44. D 根据上文一天看望一次，所以次空为 frequent 频繁的。 45. A 根据常识和句义，此处为 week，有些病人很幸运一周探望一次。 46. C 根据此句句义“我被病人们要求为他们准备一个圣诞节篮子给护士”。 47. D 根据 48 空后面 to make a(n) beautiful basket.可知此处为 basket. 48. A 根据上下文和常识可知此处为 money。他们给了我足够的钱做一个精美的篮子。 49. B 根据后文 while my students were out 可知此处为 classroom。 50. D 根据前文 I was not good at doing this 我不擅长做这个。可知此空为 struggled 努力，挣扎。 51. B 根据句义 Oliver 看到我不擅长做这个，所以 Oliver 接管过来我的任务，做好了一个精美的篮子。gave up 放弃 took over 接管 called off 取消 D. set aside 搁置一边 52. C 当我把这个篮子拿给病人们的时候，他们非常高兴。rather than 而不是 less than 少于 more than 非常 other than 除了 53. A 根据上文 prepare Christmas 47 for them to give to the nurses 可知答案为 A。 54. D 根据上文 They’d never been given anything like this before 可知此处为 touched。她们非常感动。 55. B 根据常识判断此处为 caring for 照顾。因为她们清楚地知道谁在关心照顾他们。 56. C 根据句意 Oliver 也给了我一个圣诞节礼物，说她会永远在这鼓励我支持我。 57. A 根据句意这是一个爱和支持的重要性的提醒。reminder 提醒物 message 信息 example 榜样，例子 announcement 宣告 58. C 根据上下文含义，尽管他们的身体问题这些病人对护士和我表示出了他们的爱。 59. B 同上 sympathy 同情 love 爱 courage 勇气 understanding 理解 60. D 无论我们个人的境况是什么，爱和为别人服务仍然是可能的。 语篇填空 这是一篇说明文。 讲述北美地区每年都会在 5 月的第三个星期五举办骑车上班日。 61. Its 此空后面的 aim 名词，所以此空要用物主代词 its，指代 Bike-to-Work Day。 62. where 此处为定语从句。 63. benefits one of 后面用名词的复数形式。 64. Cycling 此处是主语，要用动名词的形式。 65. but 考查上下文的逻辑关系，根据句义考查 not just...but (also)句型，译为“不仅...而且”。66. actively reflect 是动词，此处需要用副词来修饰动词。 67. what 考查表语从句。 这就是我们在 WABA 所做的事情。 68. has grown 考查时态。根据后面的时间状语 ever since 2000 可判断，用现在完成时。 69. was chosen 考查被动语态。此处缺少谓语动词，而且 The Month of May 和 choose 为被动关系。 70. to encourage 考查动词不定式和动词短语。aim to do sth. 旨在做某事 附听力原文 Text 1 W: In our school, we take some courses in art and science before we decide on our major. M: It’s the same in our college. What are you going to major in? W: I think I’ll major in economics. Text 2 M: Excuse me. Can you tell me where I can find a hotel? W: Continue three blocks south and turn to the left. After five minutes’ walk you may find a big hotel. M: Shall I take a taxi to go there? W: I don’t think it is necessary. Text 3 W: Did you hear about John’s retiring? He had decided to do that a year ago, but he told us today. M: Wow. That will leave a big gap in the marketing department. Text 4 M: How did you do on the biology test yesterday? W: I got a 100. M: A 100? Maybe we ought to be study partners! Text 5 W: I think I need to get this report proofed before I hand it in. M: Good idea. I would get an old one from drafting, so you don’t have to spend a lot of time on it. Text 6 W: ⑥Hi, I would like to purchase this book. M: Can I have your card, please? W: Card? Oh…the book card. I don’t have it with me right now. I left it at home. But I think you can identify me with my phone number, right? My phone number is 6838585, and my name is registered as Julie. M: Very good, Miss. Please wait a moment. Um…I’m sorry, Julie, but my computer indicates that the last time you were in our store, we allowed you to take two textbooks that were required for your biology class, under the condition that we would send you a bill through the mail and that you would pay it by the due date. ⑦You have missed that due date, and until you pay the fee, I cannot let you purchase another item. Text 7 M: We will have a vacation next month. Why not have a tour? W: Good idea. Where shall we go? M: ⑧What about going to Chicago? W: ⑧Don’t you think it is too far? M: So what’s your plan? W: What about going to New York or Boston?M: So we’ll compromise(折中解决). ⑨We’ll hit Washington. W: ⑨OK! Text 8 M: So how did the conference go, Jody? W: ⑩ Oh, that’s good. All the sections were interesting and all the speakers were really good. The organization was a lot better this year as well. I think having a small number of people there made a big difference. You know you could actually get things down on the workshops and make decisions a lot more quickly. (11)There were 30 delegates（会议代表）altogether, 12 fewer than last year. M: And how was the hotel? W: Fine. The conference rooms were good size, and hotel rooms were clean and very comfortable. I really like the hotel a lot. I think we should go again next year. M: And how was the dinner that day? W: (12)Ah, that was probably the only thing people complained about. The food wasn’t very good and the service was slow. If we go back to the same hotel again, we have to find another restaurant. Text 9 M: Good morning. Room Reservations. May I help you? W: Good morning. (13)I’d like to reserve some rooms for a tourist party. M: All right. What kind of room would you like? W: You see, our customers’ requests are different, so please tell me more about it, will you? M: It’s my pleasure. We have single rooms, double rooms, suites and luxury suites. W: That’s great. I’d like to book four single rooms, five double rooms and three suites. M: All right, madam. For which dates do you want to book the rooms? W: (14)From tomorrow till January 8th. That’s five days in all. We’ll leave on the morning of the 9th. M: I see. W: (15)By the way, is there any preferential(优惠的)rate for the party? M: (15)Yes, there is a 15 percent discount. W: That’s wonderful. Thank you. M: (16)Well, madam, may I have your name and phone number, please? W: (16)Yes, Sally Hall, H-A-L-L, Hall. And my phone number is 3811658. M: Thank you, Ms. Hall. We look forward to serving you. Text 10 W: (17)And here we are at the lovely Golden Gate Park, which was designed by the same person who designed New York’s Central Park. The park is about six miles long and a half-mile wide, and it stretches all the way down to Ocean Beach, which is where the western tip(端)of San Francisco meets the Pacific Ocean. (18)The park is open year round, and on Sundays during the summer, all roads are closed to cars. (19)On the eastern side of the park, you can find the De Young Museum, with exhibits from around the world, and the Conservatory of Flowers, an indoor garden that is housed in a historic building from the early 1900s. On the northern side, you’ll find the Botanical Gardens, a great place for a walk or a picnic. (20)And in the middle of the park is the Japanese Tea Garden, which is perfect if you want a quiet place to relax.