老北京四合院课件

老北京四合院SiheyuaninBeijing NorthChina‘scourtyardhousesareoutstandingrepresentativesoftraditionalresidencesofChina’sHanpeople.Beijing‘sSiheyuan,atthehighestlevelandmosttypicalspecimenofitskind,boastsalonghistory.ORIGINALAccordingtohistoricaldiscoveryanalyses,theSiheyuanresidenceappearedmorethan2,000yearsago. Nowadays,thereareonlyasmallnumberoftraditionalsiheyuansleftinBeijing,whichareinhabitedbyonefamilyin.SiheyuanisancientBeijingers’lifestylewhichhadbeenbuiltaccordingtoFengshui,onthebasisofarchitecturalprincipleofpursuingluxury,andwithscrupulousdecoration. CONSTRUCTIONprincipalroomwingroomoppositeroommaindoorfloral-pendantgatescreen-wallverandahouteryardinneryardback-illuminatedroomsconstruction:N FEATUREInfact,thecentripetalandcohesiveatmosphereofBeijing'sSiheyuan,withitsstrictrulesandforms,isatypicalexpressionofthecharacterofmostChineseresidences.Thecourtyard'spatternofbeingclosedtotheoutsideandopentotheinsidecanberegardedasawiseintegrationoftwokindsofcontradictorypsychologies:Ononehandtheself-sufficientfeudalfamiliesneededtomaintainacertainseparationfromtheoutsideworld;ontheother,thepsychology,deeplyrootedinthemodeofagriculturalproduction,makestheChineseparticularlykeenongettingclosertonature.Theyoftenwanttoseetheheaven,earth,flowers,grassandtreesintheirownhomes. ADVANTAGESCertainappropriatelysizedsquarecourtyardsofBeijing'sSiheyuanhelpabsorbsunshineinthewintertime.InareassouthofBeijing,wherethesettingsuninthesummerisquitestrong,thecourtyardshavebecomenarrowandlongonthenorth-southsidetoreducetheamountofsunshine.Anotheradvantageofacourtyardhouseisthatitcouldbeinfinitelyexpanded.Asthenumberoffamilymembersincreases,moreroomscanbeadded,withmorecourtyardscreated. Itcarriesinitselfabundantlifesentimentsof“canopy,fishbowl,pomegranate,houseowner,fatdog,plumpgirl”.清代有句俗语形容四合院内的生活：“天棚、鱼缸、石榴树、老爷、肥狗、胖丫头”，可以说是四合院生活比较典型的写照。 theendThanks!