英语答案与解析.pdf

1 “决胜高考”2021届新高考八省第一次模拟测试 英语答案及解析 第一部分 听力 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.C 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.A 第二部分 阅读理解 第一节 A 【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上三种最优美的舞蹈：卡塔尔卡里舞、探戈舞和弗拉门 科舞。 21. C 细节理解题。 【解题思路】从第二段第一句中的“ Kathakali is a storytelling dance”和 第三句“There are nine facial expressions used to express emotions ranging from sadness and anger to curiosity.”可知，卡塔尔卡里舞是一种历史悠久的 舞蹈。这种舞蹈讲述某一个故事并且用夸张的面部表情和丰富的手部动作，结合华丽的服饰和化妆来表达 各种各样的感情。故答案选 C 项。 22. B 细节理解题。 【解题思路】从第三段第三句“If you can keep your eyes on one part of the tango, just focus on the dancers’ legs and feet.”可知，欣赏探戈舞时，观赏者要着重跟着节奏欣赏舞蹈者的腿和脚（部动作）。故答案选 B 项。 23. B 细节理解题。 【解题思路】从第四段第三句“One of the key factors of flamenco is palmas.”和第四句中的 “ It may look like simple, rhythmic clapping”可知，弗拉门科舞中的一个重要环节就是拍手掌。舞者经常拍出简单有节奏的掌 声。故答案选 B 项。 【长难句分析】The dance has its roots in an African slave dance called candombe, which is also a type of music. （第三段第一句） 分析：本句是一个复合句。called candombe 是过去分词短语，在句中充当定语，修饰 an African slave dance； which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 candombe。 译文：这种舞蹈起源于一种叫 candombe 的非洲奴隶舞，该舞蹈同时也是一种音乐形式。 词汇积累：variety n. 变化，多样性 gesture n. 手势，姿态 complex adj. 复杂的，合成的 rhythmic adj. 有节奏的; 有节律的 B 2 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了弗吉尼亚的 Jamey Turner 用玻璃杯竖琴演奏出了美妙的音乐， 但到目前为止，几乎没有人会演奏这种乐器。 24. B 细节理解题。 【解题思路】从第二段第三、四句“Visitors to Alexandria like what they see and hear. They thank Turner by leaving a dollar or more in his box for donations.”可知，游人非常喜欢 Jamey Turner 的表演，他们往往会捐出 一美元甚至更多。由此可推知，观众认为 Jamey Turner 的表演很吸引人。故答案选 B 项。 25. C 细节理解题。 【解题思路】从第三段第四句“Adding or taking away just a little water will change the sound.”可知，Jamey Turner 通过增加或者减少杯子中的水来产生不同的声音。故答案选 C 项。 26. C 推理判断题。 【解题思路】从最后一段内容可知，目前几乎没有人会弹奏玻璃杯竖琴，Jamey Turner 希望有人能够传承这 种乐器，这正是他真正担心的事情。故答案选 C 项。 27. A 标题概括题。 【解题思路】通读全文可知，在弗吉尼亚，游人可以看到 Jamey Turner 通过玻璃杯竖琴演奏出美妙的音乐 的精彩表演。故答案选 A 项。 【长难句分析】There have been about 400 pieces of music written just for the glass harp.（最后一段第二句） 分析：本句是 there be 句型，written just for the glass harp 在句中充当定语，修饰 music。 译文：目前已经有 400 多首专门给玻璃杯竖琴谱写的音乐了。 词汇积累:instrument n. 仪器，乐器 donation n. 捐献，捐赠物，捐款 control n. 控制，克制 C 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对新闻行业的现状及新闻记者的首要任务的看法和 理解。 28. B 细节理解题。 【解题思路】根据第一段最后两句“Journalists also need to dig deep so as to look into the roots, inviting the readers to have a look at it. At this time, a report will become meaningful.”可知，一则有意义的报道应该深度挖 掘新闻背后的故事。故答案选 B 项。 29. A 细节理解题。 【解题思路】根据第二段最后一句中的“which overshadows the primary responsibility of presenting important facts that concern the readers and the audience in one way or the other”和最后一段最后一句中的“the fundamental responsibility of a journalist is to reveal the facts in all their aspects”可知，一名记者的首要职责是 3 实事求是地报道新闻。故答案选 A 项。 30. C 推理判断题。 【解题思路】根据第三段第二句“Sometimes journalists try hard to influence public opinion in favor of a particular side of an issue; this is a wrong practice… the part of the media.”可知，有时记者报导的新闻有失偏颇 是因为他们选择报道新闻的角度出了问题。故答案选 C 项。 31. D 词义猜测题。 【解题思路】根据画线词所在句中的“to reveal the facts in all their aspects”和“reality”可知，记者的首要 任务是客观地报道新闻。由此可推知，hard and harsh 应意为“客观的”， 与 D 项同义。故答案选 D 项。 【长难句分析】 A proper understanding of which type of news is more important and the ability for grading news is the main character of true journalism.（第四段第一句） 分析：本句是一个复合句。which 引导宾语从句，作介词 of 的宾语。 译文：正确理解哪种新闻更重要及评价新闻的能力是真实的新闻的主要特点。 词汇积累：judgment n. 审判，判断 significance n. 重要性，意义 consequence n. 结果，推理 reveal v. 露出，显示 D 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大最近流行的应用程序 Flashfood，该程序对临期食品进 行打折售卖，从而有效地减少了食物浪费。 32. B 细节理解题。 【解题思路】从第二段第三句“I could see immediately that many brands of yogurt are all marked down 50 percent”可知，Flashfood 上许多品牌的食物都标价打五折。故答案选 B 项。 33. A 推理判断题。 【解题思路】从第四段中 Gord Chem 所说的话可知，他认为 Flashfood 给顾客提供了方便，并且提升了商店 的销售量。从此可以判断：他认为 Flashfood 是一款非常有利可图的应用程序。故答案选 A 项。 34. B 推理判断题。 【解题思路】从最后一段内容可知，作者喜欢在杂货店里购买打折商品，但在 Flashfood 上选购食物更方便。 从此可以判断：作者采用了对比的方法来描写 Flashfood 的优点。故答案选 B 项。 35. C 主旨大意题。 【解题思路】通读全文可知，本文介绍了加拿大最近推行的一款有益的应用程序 Flashfood，该程序对临期 食品进行打折售卖，从而有效地减少了食物浪费。比较四个选项，C 项最能概括本文大意。故答案选 C 项。 【技巧总结】主旨大意题主要考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。在解答这类题目时，一般采 4 用通篇略读法，即对全文通篇速读，舍弃无关紧要的细节，全力捕捉全文的中心思想。重点关注首尾段和 其他段落的首尾句。 【长难句分析】Flashfood sells 75% of the products made available through its App while saving consumers an average of 50% on those grocery items,and it has 300 000 active users right now.（第三段第二句） 分析：本句是一个复合句。made available through its app 是过去分词短语，在句中充当定语，修饰 the products。 while + saving 在句中充当状语。 译文：Flash Food 通过其平台销售了 75%的产品，同时也为消费者节省了花在这些日用品中 50%的费用， 如今此应用程序已有 300 000 名的活跃用户。 词汇积累：grocery n. 食品杂货 retailer n. 零售商，零售店 available adj. 有空的，有用的 appeal n. 请求，吸引力 第二节 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了父母对孩子过度微观管理的行为及改掉这一缺点的方法。 36. D 考查并列关系。 【解题思路】根据上文“Do you always concern yourself with your kid’s play dates? Do you send them upstairs to get changed?”可知，空格处填一般疑问句。D 项“当他们做作业时你会待在他们身边吗？”更能表述父母 对孩子微观管理或者过度养育的表现。故答案选 D 项。 37. C 考查顺承关系。 【解题思路】根据上文“Parents who micromanage their kids sometimes struggle with a sense of control.”可知， 那些对孩子过度微观管理的父母控制欲较强。C 项“微观管理是他们焦虑的一种标志”符合语境。故答案选 C 项。 38. G 考查顺承关系。 【解题思路】根据上文内容及下文“To help you walk that fine line, parents should be frank about it.”可知，为 了帮助孩子们守住底线，父母和孩子应该坦诚沟通在网上所做的事情。G 项“父母关心孩子们的网上活动 很重要”符合语境。故答案选 G 项。 39. A 考查转折关系。 【解题思路】根据上文的“Breaking a micromanaging habit isn’t easy.”可知，对父母而言，改掉过度微观管 理的习惯不是一件容易的事情。空格处应填与改掉习惯有关的内容。A 项“但就像（改掉）任何坏习惯一 样，从小事做起”符合语境。故答案选 A 项。 40. E 考查因果关系。 【解题思路】根据上文中的“The plus side is that if you back off about little things”和下文“Therefore, you can 5 let your kid succeed, fail, and figure out life on their own.”可知，如果父母坚持从小事着手，那么当谈到大事 情时，他们的话就显得更有份量。E 项“你还可以与你的孩子建立一种更健康的关系”符合语境。故答案选 E 项。 【长难句分析】However it presents itself, it can give children the impression that parents don’t have confidence in them, and this can lead to problems.（第二段第二句） 分析：本句是一个复合句。However 引导让步状语从句；that parents don’t have confidence in them 是同位语 从句，解释 impression 的内容。 译文：无论它是怎样出现的，它给孩子们留下了父母不信任他们的印象，而这会导致其他问题。 词汇积累：balance n. 平衡，均衡 involvement n. 包含 secretively adv. 秘密地 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 完形填空 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。本文通过作者上幼儿园的经历，记述了一段儿童之间纯洁的友谊。 【答案解析】 41. 考查名词辨析。 【解题思路】根据上文中的“I was inseparable from my parents”可知，作者上幼儿园之前，一刻也离不开父 母，无论到哪里都抓着父母的手确保他们在自己身边。B 选项 presence（存在，在场）符合上下文。其他选 项 interest（利益，兴趣）、success（成功）和 safety（安全）均不符合上下文意思。故正确选项为 B 【答案】B 42. 考查名词辨析。 【解题思路】根据语境可知，作者具有强烈的分离焦虑。D 选项 separation（分离）符合上下文。其他选项 health（健康）、graduation（毕业）和 employment（就业）均不符合上下文意思。故正确选项为 D。 【答案 D】 43. 考查形容词辨析。 【解题思路】根据上文中的“I had what is called ______ anxiety ”及下文语境可知，因为作者有分离焦虑， 所以上幼儿园的那段时期是一段难熬的时期。C 选项 difficult 符合上下文。其他选项均不符合上下文意思。 故正确选项为 C。 【答案 C】 44. 考查副词辨析。 【解题思路】根据下文中的“the other nervously grasped my mothers”可知，作者害怕父母离开，紧紧抓着 父母的手。B 选项 tightly（紧紧地）符合上下文。其他选项均不符合上下文意思。故正确选项为 B。 6 【答案 B】 45. 考查名词辨析。 【解题思路】根据上文中的“my preschool”可知，此处表示其他的孩子。A 选项 children 符合上下文。其 他选项均不符合上下文意思。故正确选项为 A。 【答案 A】 46. 考查动词辨析。 【解题思路】根据下文中的“broke away from our group”可知，作者的父母松开了作者的手。B 选项 loosen 符合上下文。其他选项均不符合上下文意思。故正确选项为 B。 【答案 B】 47. 考查形容词辨析。 【解题思路】根据语境可知，此处指父母向不同的方向走去。C 选项 different 符合上下文。其他选项均不符 合上下文意思。故正确选项为 C。 【答案 C】 48. 考查动词短语辨析。 【解题思路】根据语境可知，意识到父母要走，作者试图去追赶。C 选项 run after（追赶）符合上下文。其 他选项均不符合上下文意思。故正确选项为 C。 【答案 C】 49. 考查动词短语辨析。 【解题思路】根据语境可知，作者大喊大叫，希望父母能够转身回来。D 选项 turn around（转身）符合上下 文。其他选项均不符合上下文意思。故正确选项为 D。 【答案 D】 50. 考查形容词辨析。 【解题思路】根据下文中的“seeing their parents leave the school without them”可知，看见父母不带自己离 开，小孩子往往会伤心难过。C 选项 upset（心烦意乱，不高兴）符合上下文。其他选项均不符合上下文意 思。故正确选项为 C。 【答案 C】 51. 考查动词辨析。 【解题思路】根据语境可知，看着孩子遭受分离的煎熬，父母却无能为力。A 选项 suffer（遭受痛苦折磨） 符合上下文。其他选项均不符合上下文意思。故正确选项为 A。 【答案 A】 7 52. 考查动词辨析。 【解题思路】根据上文中的“I shouted，loud enough for my parents”可知，作者停止了哭闹。D 选项 crying 符合上下文。其他选项均不符合上下文意思。故正确选项为 D。 【答案 D】 53. 考查名词辨析。 【解题思路】根据上文中的“They guided us towards a small window”可知，那个女孩将作者从窗户旁边带 走了。A 选项 window 符合上下文。其他选项均不符合上下文意思。故正确选项为 A。 【答案 A】 54. 考查名词辨析。 【解题思路】根据语境可知，作者的父母看到作者不哭了，松了一口气。C 选项 relief（轻松，减轻）符合 上下文。其他选项均不符合上下文意思。故正确选项为 C。 【答案 C】 55. 考查名词辨析。 【解题思路】根据语境可知，作者与 Helen 建立了深厚的友谊。A 选项 friendship 符合上下文。其他选项均 不符合上下文意思。故正确选项为 A。 【答案 A】 第二节 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了赫哲人过去常常用鱼皮制作衣服、被褥和线等物品的传统。 然而这个传统正在消失，尤文凤决定传承并推广这种鱼皮制作技艺以及赫哲人的文化。 【答案解析】 56. for/of 考查介词的用法。 【解题思路】此处表示赫哲人用鱼皮制作衣服、被褥和线等物品的方法。method of/for doing sth.意为“做某 事的方法”，是固定短语。 57. making 考查非谓语动词。 【解题思路】including 意为“包括”，是介词，此处应作介词“including”的宾语，应用动名词形式。 58. what 考查表语从句。 【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格处引导表语从句，在句中充当宾语，此处表示“赫哲人今天穿着的 衣服”。 59. a 考查冠词的用法。 【解题思路】固定搭配 a kind of 意为“一种……”。 8 60. protection 考查词性转换。 【解题思路】根据上文中的“environmental”可知，此处表示“为了环境保护”。 61. cautiously 考查词性转换。 【解题思路】根据上文的“to remove the fish’s skin”可知，此处应填副词，修饰 remove，故填 cautiously， 意为“小心地，谨慎地”。 62. more 考查形容词的比较级。 【解题思路】此处表示“将其缝合起来则需要 20 天”。more 在这里意为“又，再”，相当于 again。 63. has inspired 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。 【解题思路】根据上文中的“So far”可知，此处时态应用现在完成时，且主语是“fish leather”， 谓语动词 应用单三形式。 64. is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。 【解题思路】根据上文中的“are one of”可知，此处时态应用一般现在时，主语是“the material”，是第三 人称单数，谓语动词应用单三形式。 65. to preserve 考查非谓语动词。 【解题思路】固定搭配 make a special effort to do sth.意为“努力去做某事”，a special effort 提前作主语，动 词不定式保留。 【长难句分析】Knowing this, You Wenfeng, a now 68-year-old woman, started to share her knowledge with local Han Chinese women in the 1990s.（第三段第一句） 分析：本句是一个复合句。Knowing this 是现在分词短语，在句中充当状语；a now 68-year-old woman 是同 位语。 译文：知道这个情况后，68 岁的尤文凤开始和当地汉族女性分享自己制作鱼皮知识。 词汇积累：minority n. 少数，少数民族 memorize v. 记住，记下 remove v. 搬开，脱掉，去掉 第四部分 写作 第一节 应用文写作 【写作指导】本文要求考生书写一篇电子邮件，邀请外国朋友一起观看学校举办的羽毛球决赛，内容需要 包括三点，首先是比赛安排，即比赛的时间及地点，可以增加对比赛精彩程度的预测以增加其吸引力等有 关内容，然后是见面时间及地点，具体内容考生可以适当发挥，合理即可。最后是表达期待，表示真诚邀 请他参加的意愿。写作时可合理运用一些句式及词汇，以提高作文的得分档次。 One possible version Dear Sam, 9 I’m extremely excited to tell you that our school badminton club will hold the final competition next Friday at 3 o’clock in the afternoon. Knowing that you’re rather interested in it, I’m sure you will want to watch it. As scheduled, the match will take place in the school gym beside the lecture building. Therefore, if it is convenient for you, how about we meet at the school gate at 2: 45 on Friday afternoon? There is no doubt that you will be extremely impressed by the excellent athletic skills of the participating contestants and have a better understanding of the fascination of this sport. Sincerely hope you can come. If so, I will reserve a seat next to me for you. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 第二节 【写作指导】 ◆文章主线 已知线索： 星期天下午，Marilyn 和“我”走进厨房——Lori 质问我为什么 Lisa 的照片比她的多——“我”询问 Marilyn ——下午“我”和 Marilyn 找更多有关 Lori 的回忆——“我”打算做成照片当做生日礼物送给 Lori...... 可续写线索： 什么样的照片？礼物是什么？惊喜？Lori 的反应？“我”的感受？ ◆续写词汇 续写可能用到的词汇： select, memory, album, explain, receiver One possible version Over the next few days, we secretly went through all of our slides. We kept on selecting and rejecting pictures until we were satisfied. Those pictures brought back memories of the early years of our marriage and we hoped they showed how we felt about our daughter. Marilyn had them converted into photographs. Then, we placed them into an album with a birthday card explaining why her mother and I had put the album together. When the album was finally finished, we hid the book until her birthday. 10 On November 24, before leaving for work, I opened her door and slipped the album inside. Then I left the house and drove to work. I was about to enter the office when the telephone rang. I picked up the receiver, and on the other end of the receiver, a tiny voice spoke, “I love you, Daddy,” she said and disconnected. The receiver remained against my ear for a few more minutes before I placed it on the telephone. Our message had been delivered and acknowledged. 听力录音材料 Text 1 W: Snow in Iceland is attractive. More tourists crowd there every winter. M: Yeah. I feel a little worried about that when we go there next week. Text 2 W: Tom, this book costs $ 9, but I only have $ 6. M: Don’t worry. I have $ 5, so I can lend you the rest. W: Thanks a lot. I will pay you back soon. Text 3 M: Kate, the water in the fish tank is so dirty. You should change it this Saturday. W: Why me? I’m busy with my homework that day. Do you think Tim could help me do that? M: I don’t know. He’s also pretty busy, but you can have a try. W: OK, I will. Text 4 W: National Bank. Can I help you? M: Yes, please. What are your business hours? W: We open at 9:00 a.m. and close at 4:00 p.m. during the week. On Saturdays, we close one hour earlier than usual, and we are closed on Sundays. Text 5 M: It was broadcast on television that it would be sunny during this weekend. Could we go hiking in the mountains? W: That sounds great! I’ll call Helen to see if she’d like to join us. I heard that she is free these days. Text 6 M: Oh, no! The park is closed. I was really looking forward to going swimming. What are we supposed to do now? W: Let’s go to the movies. I think there are some new ones that just came out. 11 M: But it’s a beautiful day! We should definitely do something outside. W: Do you want to go up to the top of a mountain? We could have a picnic there. M: I didn’t wear the right shoes for that. W: OK. I know! Let’s go fishing! I have everything we need at my house. It will take us only a few minutes to get to the lake from there. M: Sounds great! Text 7 M: Alisa, tell me about your father. What’s your father like? W: My father is pretty much the most interesting person I ever know. He tells all different kinds of stories about his childhood, and his growing up. M: Did he grow up in Canada or in Ireland? W: Neither, he grew up in Liverpool, in England. M: OK, nice, and what does your father do? W: Ah, he was a pilot until five years ago. It was kind of tragic, but he had a heart attack and he wasn’t allowed to fly anymore. M: Oh, I’m sorry. W: It’s fine. He is pretty much happier now I guess. M: OK, so he’s OK after the heart attack. W: He’s fine, yeah. Text 8 M: Hi, Tracy. What’s going on? W: Hi, Thomas. I’m waiting in line to buy an iPhone 11. M: The line is too long. Why don’t you come back tomorrow? W: I think you’re right. They’re going to close soon. M: Let’s get some coffee. W: OK. Wait a minute! I have to get something out of my purse. Will you hold the cellphone for me? M: Sure. Oops. W: What happened? M: I dropped your cellphone. Is it broken? W: I’m not sure. Let me have a look. No, I don’t think it’s broken. 12 M: Sorry about that. W: Don’t worry about it. I do that all the time. And I’m eager to have a new cute one. Text 9 W: Doctor, I’m not sleeping well at night. I’m always very tired after a day’s work. But it takes me hours to fall asleep. M: How long has this been? W: It’s been a couple of months now. I’ve never had a sleeping problem before. M: Has anything changed in your life? W: What do you mean? M: Are you under more pressure at work? Are you worried about anything in particular? W: I have always been busy. And my personal life is the same: husband, kids… M: How are your parents going? W: My dad is doing great. But my mom has been sick lately. It’s nothing serious. M: When did she get sick? W: She first got sick right around the time I started having a sleeping problem. M: Could that be the reason you’re not sleeping well? You’re worried about her? W: When you say it out…Yes, I definitely think there’s a connection. M: Perhaps you should tell your mother to see her doctor. W: You’re right! I’m going to see her right now. Thank you for your help. M: My pleasure. I was just about to write you a prescription for some sleeping pills, but it sounds like you won’t need it. Text 10 Liz is going to Asia with her mom. Neither of them has ever traveled out of America before. They’re going to fly to Hong Kong. After staying in Hong Kong for three nights, they’ll travel on their cruise ship to Shanghai and Beijing. Beijing is inland, so they have to take about a two-hour bus ride to get there from the port. They’re going to see the Great Wall, the Tiananmen Square, and the Forbidden City. From China, the cruise ship would go to Pusan in South Korea, and finally to Tokyo. From Tokyo, they would catch a flight back to Los Angeles. “The trip is going to last three weeks. It’ll cost us $2,800 each, if we can control our urge to shop,” she told her neighbor Jane. 13 “I hope your trip is more fun than mine was,” said Jane. “I took a ship to the Bahamas, but almost all the passengers got sick. I caught some kind of virus that made me throw up for almost three days. Ha! No more ships for me.”