按秘密级事项管理★启用前
2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（模拟卷）
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前.考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时.将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷 上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Still seeking a destination for your weekend break? There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.
King’s Art Centre
A day at the Centre could mean a visit to an exhibition of the work of one of the most interesting contemporary artists on show anywhere. This weekend sees the opening of an exhibition of four local artists.
You could attend a class teaching you how to "learn from the masters" or get more creative with paint-free of charge.
The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.
The Botanic Garden
The Garden has over 8,000 plant species ； it holds the research and teaching collection of living plants for Cambridge University.
The multi-branched Torch Aloe here is impressive. The African plant produces red flowers above blue-green leaves, and is not one to miss.
Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.
The Garden is also a place for wildlife-enthusiasts. Look for grass snakes in the lake. A snake called “Hissing Sid" is regularly seen lying in the heat of the warm sun.
Byron's Pool
Many stories surround Lord Byron's time as a student of Cambridge University. Arriving in 1805 , he wrote a letter complaining that it was a place of “mess and drunkenness". However, it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough. I'm not just talking about the pet bear he kept in his rooms. He spent a great deal of time walking in the village.
It is also said that on occasion Byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake, which is now known as Byron’s Pool. A couple of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside, the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields. The cries of invisible birds make the trip a lovely experience and on the way home you can drop into the village for afternoon tea. If you don't trust me, then perhaps you'll take it from Virginia Woolf—over a century after Byron, she reportedly took a trip to swim in the same pool.
1. As mentioned in the passage, there is a small charge for .
A. attending the masters! class B. learning life drawing
C. working with local artists D. seeing an exhibition
2. "Torch Aloe" and "Venus Flytrap" are .
A. common insects B. rarely-seen snakes
C. impressive plants D. wildlife-enthusiasts
3. We can infer from the passage that Byron seemed .
A. to fear pet bears B. to like walking
C. to be a heavy drinker D. to finish university in 1805
B
Traders desperate to avoid owning oil fled the markets on April 27,2020, sending crude （JM 油）futures into negative territory for the first time ever, in recognition that the COVID-19 pandemic has weakened demand for fuel and there is not enough storage for the massive glut（供 过于求）of oil present on US soil.
Investors sold the May futures contract due to expire（期满）on Tuesday in a series of waves. At one point, the contract hit negative $ 40. When the trading stopped, crude oil had finished the day at a negative $ 37. 63 a barrel, a decline of some 305 percent, or $ 55. 90 a barrel.
That unwanted oil is instead going into storage, but in the United States, storage is filling up much more quickly than expected. Cushing, Oklahoma , the tiny town of less than 10,000 people that serves as the main US storage centre, was 70 percent full as of last week, and traders say it will be full within two weeks.
The price decline is good news for drivers pulling up to the pump for a fill-up, but bad news for hydraulic frackers who need higher crude oil prices of about $ 30 to $ 40 a barrel to operate profitably.
US stocks dropped on Monday as investors surveyed the economic damage and considered gloomy prospects for a sustained rebound as oil prices hit the bottom of the barrel.
On Monday, the Dow Jones Industrial Average lost 2.44 percent, and closed at 23,650.44. The S&P 500 slipped 1. 79 percent, while the Nasdaq Composite fell 1. 03 percent.
4. Traders fled the oil markets because of .
A. the COVID-19 pandemic B. no demand for fuel
C. sufficient storage for the glut of oil D. no investment
5. What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 5?
A. Hopeful. B. Great. C. Poor. D. Little.
6. What's the main idea of this passage?
A. The effects of the negative US oil price.
B. The facts of US stocks.
C. The reaction to the negative US oil price.
D. The situation of the negative US oil price.
7. From which part of the newspaper is the passage probably taken?
A. Science and technology. B. Economy.
C. Health. D. Culture.
C
The first organized system for sending messages began in Egypt around 1500 B. C. This system developed because the pharaohs（法老）frequently needed to send messages up and down the Nile River in order to keep their empire running smoothly. Later, the Persians developed a more efficient system for sending messages using men and horses. Message carriers rode along the road system stretching from one end of the Persian Empire to the other. Along these roads, fresh men and horses waited at special stations to take and pass along any messages that needed to be sent. The stations where riders passed messages back and forth were built 23 kilometers apart, so the men and horses were able to travel quickly between them. The Romans later took up this idea and improved it by using a more advanced and extensive road system.
In China. however, Kublai Khan had built up his own system for delivering messages. This system worked in the same basic way as the Roman system. The difference was that Kublai Khan kept 300,000 horses along the roads of this delivery lines. There were over 10,000 stations where a message would be passed from one rider to another with a fresh horse. In this way, Kublai Khan could receive messages from anywhere in the country in only a few days.
It was not until the 1500s that a well-organized postal system appeared again in Europe. One family, the von Taxis family, gained the right to deliver mail for the Holy Roman Empire and parts of Spain. This family continued to carry mail, both government and private, throughout Europe for almost 300 years.
In 1653 , a Frenchman, Renouard du Velayer, established a system for delivering post in Paris. Postal charges at that time were paid by the recipient, but de Velayer's system was unique by allowing the sender to pre-pay the charges, in a similar way to the modern stamp. Unfortunately, de Velayer’s system came to an end when jealous competitors put live mice in his letter boxes, ruining his business. Eventually, government-controlled postal systems took over from private postal businesses, and by the 1700s government ownership of most postal systems in Europe was an accepted fact of life.
The thing that all these early systems had in common was that they were quite expensive for public use, and were intended for use by the government and the wealthy. However, in 1840, a British school teacher named Roland Hill suggested introducing postage stamps, and a postal rate based on weight. This resulted in lowering postal rates, encouraging more people to use the system to stay in touch with each other. His idea helped the British postal system begin to earn
profits as early as 1850. Soon after that many other countries took up Mr. Hill's idea. And letter writing became accessible to anyone who could write. Today, the Roland Hill awards are given each year to
"encourage and reward fresh ideas which help promote philately"(（stamp collecting)）.
8. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. How international letters travel.
B. A surprising method for delivering mail.
C. The history of postal systems.
D. Changes in the methods of communication.
9. Which of the following statements about Renouard de Velayer is true?
A. His was a government-controlled system.
B. His competitors destroyed his business.
C. His system lasted for hundreds of years.
D. In his system, the person who received the letter paid the postage fees.
10. Which of the systems mentioned in the passage was most like the postal system today?
A. Egyptian. B. Chinese.
C. de Velayer's. D. von Taxis’s.
11. What was Roland Hill's greatest achievement?
A. He made letter writing accessible to the average person.
B. He made a lot of money for the British postal system.
C. He made stamp collecting a popular hobby.
D. He won an award for letter writing.
D
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released a report stating that the world is quickly running out of time to keep global warming below 1. 5 degrees Celsius. To get there, the world would have to cut current emissions by 45 percent by 2030. That sounds absurdly unlikely.
But before we give in to despair, we should remember that the technology to address climate change is going along at a high speed. The largest source of U. S. carbon emissions is transportation, and a Green New Deal for motor vehicles would be quite straightforward.
The reason is simple: with some subsidies （补贴），electric cars and buses are now cost-competitive with fossil-fuel vehicles. Electric buses have made the greatest speed into the market, because they are a logical choice for electrification. By the end of 2018, electric vehicles were displacing about 280.000 barrels of oil demand per day——about 84 percent of which was due to buses.
But the electric car market is also reaching maturity （成熟），with appealing designs, longer range, and a quickly-expanding rapid charging network in many countries. It’s worth emphasizing that most of the infrastructure（基础设施）necessary to recharge electric vehicles already exists. People often tend to assume that we would need to replace every gas station, but virtually all homes and businesses already have an electrical connection which can be easily improved for fast charging. All that is needed to go fully electric is enough battery capacity and fast charging stations to deal with long trips.
Now America would have to repair its electricity production, freight rail, shipping, and so on to fully
decarbonizes（脱碳）the transportation sector, which taken together will be considerably more difficult than simply extirpating fossil fuel vehicles from the market.
But greening America’s vehicle would be straightforward, relatively cheap, and a huge stride forward on climate. The politics of climate change are so fearful that despair can seem logical, but the first step to achieving a tough goal is the confident belief that it can be done. And this particular step wouldn't even be that tough.
12. How's the goal of keeping global warming below 1. 5 degrees Celsius according to Paragraph 1?
A. Reasonable. B. Safe. C. Realistic. D. Impossible.
13. How can electric vehicles compete with fossil-fuel ones?
A. By getting financial support from government.
B. By running at the greatest speed.
C. By changing the way of transportation.
D. By making consumers make logical choices.
14. What should we do to promote electric cars now?
A. Replace as many as gas stations.
B. Solve the problem of long trips.
C. Build more infrastructures for recharging.
D. Make businesses have electrical connections.
15. Which of the following best explains "extirpating" underlined in Paragraph 5?
A. Repairing. B. Producing. C. Moving. D. Forbidding.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2. 5分.满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选岀可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
选项。
The world is a colorful landscape of different languages, skin colors, and different cultures. It's important to have a good understanding of different cultures in order to become a well- rounded person. 16
One way is to read books written by authors from a particular culture. Reading works by authors who have a close relationship with a particular culture allows people to gain an authentic glimpse into the food, music, language, religion, and way of a life of a particular group of people.
17
Another way to learn about different cultures is to try to learn a foreign language. 18 A person can choose a language she has always wanted to learn and locate learning programs to help her master the language. Besides, one can enroll in a foreign language class in order to learn in a more formal setting. One can also try to visit areas of the city to establish social connection with native speakers of the language.
19 Seek out restaurants that feature authentic food from a variety of countries. Food is an important part of different cultures and allows people to gain deep understanding into a particular cultural group's way of life.
Communicating with people from other countries through email or snail mail is another useful way to
become familiar with different cultures. 20 Various websites offer pen pal services, offering to connect individuals with pen friends around the world.
A. Stories based on a local culture expose one to a different culture.
B. Trying authentic food from a specific cultural group is also a great idea.
C. There are several ways to become knowledgeable about different cultures.
D. A variety of language-learning books, software, and audio programs are available.
E. The Internet has made it possible to communicate with others from different countries.
F. Making contact with native speakers of the language allows one to gain first-hand knowledge.
G. One way to develop this appreciation is to try to team about other cultures around the world.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Growing up in Kenya was amazing because I learned so much, though the poverty and lack of resources were sometimes frustrating. I knew I didn't have much, but I was 21 .
There was only one thing I wasn't happy with: education. I wanted to go to high school and university. I had the drive, the will and the grades, 22 I didn't have the resources. Even basic things like food, water and shelter weren't readily available. Young people in poverty have little or no 23 to high schools and universities. Where I lived, it was challenging 24 someone helped. When I left primary school, I was in the same 25 as many other poor disadvantaged youth. 26 , during that year, a charitable high school for girls, Starehe Girls Centre, was 27 and I received a scholarship. Today, I am on record as being the first student to be enrolled in this school.
In 2006, my school 28 The Global Give Back Circle, a not-for-profit organization for 29 disadvantaged girls to complete their education and gain 30 skills. After graduating from high school, I was given access to a nine-month IT course. 31 , its give-back attitude had taught us to not only care about ourselves but other people. With this in mind, 10 of us created a website called “Hey Sister, Get Clued-Up". Through this educational website, aimed at networking 10,000 African girls worldwide, all Sisters commit to sending information to their villages. This can be to 32 financial freedom, advanced information 33 to health issues and provide knowledge about social networking behavior.
“Hey Sister, Get Clued-Up" is only 34 to those girls who can access the Internet, which highlights the huge challenge in narrowing the divide between the haves and have-nots. But our plan is that these girls will 35 what they learn to other girls through the power of their voice".
21. A. energetic B. happy C. confident D. hopeful
22. A. so B. and C. but D. since
23. A. access
B. means
C. chance
D. dream
24. A. so
B. when
C. as
D. unless
25. A. occasion
B. situation
C. dilemma
D. position
26. A. Generally
B. Importantly
C. Luckily
D. Casually
27. A. put up
B. taken up
C. made up
D. set up
28. A. approved
B. took
C. joined
D. launched
29. A. psychologically
B. physically
C. educationally
D. financially
30. A. social
B. average
C. typical
D. professional
31. A. In short
B. In all
C. In addition
D. In brief
32. A. promote
B. introduce
C. employ
D. present
33. A. attached
B. compared
C. related
D. devoted
34. A. alternative
B. acceptable
C. appropriate
D. available
35. A. encourage
B. spread
C. add
D. apply
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The university of Birmingham, UK , announces that it will accept the Gaokao exam for high- flying Chinese students 36 (wish) to join its undergraduate courses in 2019. High school
students 37 complete the National Higher Education Entrance Examination, or Gaokao, with top grades can apply for direct entry into Birmingham degree programmes 38 first completing a foundation year.
Gaokao, which 39 (hold) across China in early June, is 40 (increase) accepted by universities in Australia, the USA, Canada and mainland and Europe Birmingham will only be considering high quality students who achieve a minimum 80% Gaokao score and meet additional academic and English language 41 (require).
Professor Jon Frampton, Director of the University of Birmingham's China Institute said, “I am 42 (delight) that the University is now accepting the Gaokao. This gives the 43 (bright)and best Chinese students 44 opportunity to move straight into the first year of our undergraduate programmes and experience the benefits of studying at a 45 (globe) Top 100 university.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华，学校最近要组织一次英语演讲比赛，主题为“垃圾分类益处多”。请你根据此 话题写一篇演讲稿。要点如下：
1.你的观点；2.你的建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头与结尾已为你写好。
参考词汇：垃圾分类garbage classification
Hello everyone!
. .
. .
. .
Thank you!
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的 词数应为150左右。
When I spent the last summer with my Grandmother in Warwick, N. Y. , she sent me down to the grocery store with a long shopping list. Staring at all the items on the list, I wondered how I could find anything on the packed shelves around me. But she insisted.
I walked up to the counter. Behind it was a lady like no one I'd ever seen. Thick glasses rested on the tip of her nose, gray hair was piled on her head.
“Excuse me," I said. She looked up.
"You're that Clements kid," she said. I'm Miss Bee. Come closer and let me get a look at you.” She pushed her glasses up her nose. “I want to be able to describe you to the policeman if something goes missing from the store.
"I'm not a thief!” I was shocked. I was too young to be a thief.
"Maybe not, but I can tell you’ve got potential. She went back to reading her newspaper.
"I need to get these. " I said, holding up my list.
"So? Go get them. ” She ignored my need of a favor, “There's no one here except you and me and I'm not your servant, so I suggest you start looking for the things on that list. ”
The store was a puzzle to a seven-year-old, and it seemed to hold all the goods in the world.
I complained about this task Grandma had set me to do while trying to find all the items on my list. It took me one and half an hour to do it, and the mean lady behind the counter didn't even bother to look at me once.
I visited Miss Bee a couple of times a weak that summer. Sometimes she sold me an old newspaper instead of one that was the latest. Sometimes she overcharged me and didn't seem embarrassed when I pointed it out. Going to the store was more like going into battle, but I survived. By summer's end the shopping trip that had once taken me an hour was done in 15 minutes. The morning I was to return to Brooklyn, I stopped in to get a soda.
Paragraph 1:
“All right, Miss Potential,” she said. "What did you learn this summer?". .
. .
Paragraph 2 :
One day after all those years my seven-year-old daughter came to me with homework troubles.
. .
. .
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