绝密★启封前
2020全国卷III高考压轴卷
英语试题
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What are the children probably doing?
A. Making orange juice.
B. Listening to loud music.
C. Cooking a meal.
2. Who might Allie be?
A. The speakers’ pet.
B. The neighbor’s turkey.
C. The speakers’ child.
3. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. Trip plans. B. Ticket prices. C. Holiday celebrations.
4. What season is it now?
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Winter.
5. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a fast food restaurant.
B. At a butcher shop.
C. At a café.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How old was the woman when she was allowed to drive by her parents?
A. 18. B. 21. C. 23.
7. What month was the man born in?
A. December. B. November. C. September.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What do we know about the camping area?
A. It’s totally free. B. It’s a little cold. C. It’s very crowded.
9. How long was the man gone for?
A. One night. B. Two nights. C. Three nights.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What problem does Roger have with exams?
A. He isn’t clever. B. He isn’t confident. C. He doesn’t work hard.
11. How does the man decide to help Roger?
A. By helping him to stay calm.
B. By finding an expert for him.
C. By giving him some advice about his future.
12. What do we know about the woman?
A. She is easy to be tired.
B. She often feels nervous.
C. She finds exercise is a good way to relax.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the woman feel about her job hunt?
A. Very excited. B. A little unsatisfied. C. Quite angry.
14. What do we know about The Creator?
A. It gives less holiday time than other companies.
B. It gets a lot of great reviews from the customers.
C. It provides medical insurance.
15. What was the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Classmates. C. Parent and child.
16. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Search online for her salary.
B. Negotiate her salary offer.
C. Ask about her benefits package.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker doing?
A. Giving a speech. B. Doing a research. C. Having an interview.
18. What was the destination of the speaker’s most recent trip?
A. Indonesia. B. Italy. C. The U.S.
19. What was the best-known eruption according to the speaker?
A. Krakatoa. B. Santorini. C. Vesuvius.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. The history of a town. B. Travel experiences. C. His work.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Many children are interested in dinosaurs (恐龙). If you have a child who loves dinosaurs, then here is some good news for you. There is an exhibition of dinosaurs at the Philip J. Currie Dinosaur Museum in Wembley, Albert A．You can plan a family road trip there. Give your child a surprise and you’ll enjoy your time there as a family.
Sitting just 19 kilometers west of Grande Prairie, the Philip J. Currie Dinosaur Museum was opened in 2015 and has collections that include fossils（化石）of sea animals, art works from different dinosaurs, a large family theater, as well as an outdoor discovery fossil walk, a large outdoor playground and the onsite Dine-O-Saur restaurant. Experience the dinosaurs' world like never before as you watch dinosaurs coming alive in movies. Learn about how these animals lived and breathed.
You can check out Dinosaurs Unearthed and all of the other exciting exhibitions at the Philip J. Currie Dinosaur Museum on the following days/ time periods :
September 1st—May 31st:
Tuesday—Sunday 10 : 00 a. m. — 6 : 00 p. m.
Closed on Mondays
June 1st—August 31st:
Saturday—Monday 10 : 00 a. m. — 6 : 00 p. m.
Tuesday—Friday 10 : 00 a. m. — 8 : 00 p. m.
Admission (门票):
Adults: $ 14 each
Seniors (65 + ) : $ 11 each
Students (with ID) and children (5—17) : $7 each
Children under 5 : free
Family (2 adults and up to 4 children) : $40
If you want to see a National Geographic film or a full-length film during your visit, it is an extra $2— $4.
For more information, please visit the museum’s website at www. dinomuseum. ca.
21．What can people do at the Philip J. Currie Dinosaur Museum?
A．Watch a full-length film for free.
B．Learn about dinosaurs’ disappearance.
C．Have fun on a large outdoor playground.
D．Buy some souvenirs of sea animals’ fossils.
22．If you want to go to the museum in October, what time should you try to avoid?
A．On Tuesdays. B．After 6 : 00 p. m.
C．On the weekend. D．Before 11 : 00 a. m.
23．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A．To introduce a museum. B．To encourage family time.
C．To advertise an exhibition. D．To tell readers about dinosaurs.
B
People often ask how I decide where to go, and I usually get hesitated with my response, as I don’t actually have an answer to that. For more than three years, I have been making movements with the universe, traveling from location to location at seemingly random intervals.
A friend of mine posted a Facebook status asking if anybody was interested in a job teaching English in China. So I jumped on a coming plane. Walking into my first class, I was bombed by 16 strange children who couldn’t understand a single word out of my mouth. When I walked out of my last class, six months later, I had made a personal connection with them. Some of my students could barely speak Chinese or English. But somehow, through determination and force, we connected.
Every class was not only a lesson in English, but in good fellowship, being a role model, being a parent, and being a friend. I became a father to some, an older brother to others. I was loved and adored, feared and hated. I had to learn discipline, and not only how to deal it out, but how to discipline and conduct myself as a role model. But in between the discipline, I had to make learning a fun experience. And they forgave me when I yelled or got upset. And when they threw temper or bruised their knee or missed their mommy, I forgave them, kissed their bruises better, and gave them a shoulder to cry on.
Teaching English in China is, by far, the most emotionally rewarding and fulfilling thing I’ve ever challenged myself to do. I have walked away from this job with a softened heart, knowing that I have made a difference in so many lives. I want that. I want my teachings to be reciprocal because they taught me how to unconditionally open my heart and how to be a more 1oving and patient person.
24．What can we learn about the writer before he came to China?
A．He didn’t have a fixed job. B．He was a professional writer.
C．He worked in a travel agency. D．He taught in a language school.
25．What was the situation like when the author met his students for the first time?
A．Hard. B．Exciting.
C．Touching. D．Inspiring.
26．What can we infer about the author from Paragraph 3?
A．He was casual and patient.
B．He was responsible but sensitive.
C．He was cautious but bad-tempered.
D．He was self-reflective and considerate.
27．What does the underlined word “reciprocal” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A．Beneficial. B．Interacted.
C．Encouraging. D．Acceptable.
C
They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon, and she gave it to them. With little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country, Mrs. Johnson, who died at 101 on Monday, calculated the precise trajectories (轨道)that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrong's history—making moonwalk, let it return to Earth.
Yet throughout Mrs. Johnson's 33 years in NASA and for decades afterward, almost no one
knew her name.
Mrs. Johnson was one of several hundred strictly educated, supremely capable yet largely unrecognized women who, well before the modem feminist movement, worked as NASA mathematicians. But it was not only her sex that kept her long unsung. For some years at midcentury, the black women were subjected to a double segregation (隔离)：They were kept separate from the much large group of white women who in turn were segregated from the agency's male mathematicians and engineers.
Mrs. Johnson broke barriers at NASA．In old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrated of black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency. Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film "Hidden Figures," which was nominated for three Oscars, including best picture.
In 2017, NASA dedicated a building in her honor. That year, The Washington Post described her as “the most high - profile of the computers” — “computers ” being the term originally used to describe Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues, much as “typewriters” were used in the 19th century to represent professional typists.
She “helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space,” NASA's administrator, Jim Bridenstine, said in a statement on Monday, “even as she made huge steps that also opened doors for women and people of color in the universal human quest to explore space.”
As Mrs. Johnson herself was fond of saying, her tenure (任期) at Langley — from 1953 until her retirement in 1986 — was “a time when computers wore skirts.”
28．What is the function of the first paragraph?
A．To present the Apollo moon mission.
B．To stress Mrs. Johnson's contributions
C．To honour Neil Armstrong's moonwalk.
D．To mourn a great woman—Mrs. Johnson.
29．What does the underlined word "barriers” in Paragraph 4 refer to ?
A．Gender inequality and color line.
B．Mrs. Johnson's unrecognized talents.
C．The agency's male mathematicians and engineers.
D．The hardships before the modem feminist movement.
30．Why were Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues described as "computers"?
A．Because they used computers to keep their work secret.
B．Because they were the agency's human calculators'
C．Because computer systems engaged them deeply.
D．Because they opened a door to outer space.
31．What can we learn from Mrs. Johnson's experience?
A．Try things that may not work.
B．The world awaits our discovery.
C．Use knowledge to wipe out ignorance '
D．Never be limited by the labels attached by others.
D
Burning coal to provide energy adds planet-warming carbon dioxide, or CO2, to Earth’s atmosphere. As the planet heats up, experts warn that simply cutting greenhouse gas emissions (排放) will not be enough to avoid possibly disastrous levels of global warming. CO2 must also be obliterated from the atmosphere, they say.
Existing experimental machines that remove CO2 directly from the air are too costly to be widely used. But a new report from the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine says effective carbon-removal technology already exists. It is not costly, or even complex science. It’s forests.
The report explains that planting trees and overseeing forests are cost-effective ways to clean the air. They also work well across large areas. Forests used to cover much of the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States. In the state of West Virginia, a kind of mining known as strip mining (露天开采) left the land there bare, without trees. Now experts are working to bring back the forests that once covered much of the state.
West Virginia’s Monongahela National Forest is home to a rare group of trees. They are called virgin (原始的) woods; they have never been touched by humans. Shane Jones, a biologist with the U.S. Forest Service, says the trees there were missed by mistake when the surrounding forest was cut down for wood many years ago. That mistake turned out to be a good thing; red spruce (云杉) forests such as those in the Monongahela are extremely effective at taking CO2 out of the atmosphere and locking it into the soil.
Experts say, nature offers powerful tools to fight climate change.
32．What does the underlined word “obliterated” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．Prevented. B．Cleared.
C．Produced. D．Stored.
33．What’s the advantage of forests compared with the existing experimental machines?
A．They release more oxygen.
B．They clear more CO2.
C．They save more money.
D．They absorb CO2 faster.
34．Why does the author mention West Virginia in Paragraph 3?
A．To prove the place is unsuitable for human survival.
B．To stress planting trees is practical for clean air.
C．To indicate trees are difficult to live on such poor soil.
D．To show people in the state are now living a hard life.
35．What can we know about the red spruce trees?
A．They can only be found in Monongahela National Forest.
B．They were given the name virgin woods for beauty.
C．They were cut down for wood by farmers.
D．They could store carbon dioxide in the soil.
第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
In any survey of self-made millionaires, you’re likely to notice the key to their success is that they never stop learning. So how does one build a lifelong learning mindset?
36． Seek out information that may be contrary to what you believe. Expand your horizons.
Challenge yourself to find a better way. You will find a way around barriers!
Turn mistakes into opportunities. The practice of learning from mistakes is one of the best lifelong learning skills anyone can master. 37． They show us better way to think and work. They also provide insights into hidden knowledge and awareness.
Adopt a growth mindset. A mindset that is in line with how our brains really works really helps. Individuals with a fixed mindset believe their intelligence and talents are fixed. 38． People with a growth mindset believe they can improve themselves through practice.
Establish goals. What do you want to learn? When do you want to learn it? Every year set goals for yourself on skills and knowledge you want to acquire. 39． Besides, I always have the daily goal of learning something new whether through reading or by talking to other people.
Avoid stress. As stress increases, the body releases chemicals to cause a fear response. This creates an environment in which a person simply can’t focus or work, let alone learn. Keep life relaxed and learning will follow. 40．
There are many other tips for successfully creating a learning plan, but those don’t have a fighting chance if your mindset is passive.
A．Try new things.
B．Challenge conventional thinking.
C．This means having the end clearly in mind.
D．There is much to learn from making mistakes.
E.I usually set three big learning goals each year.
F. They don’t think they can improve with efforts.
G. This way, success will happen much more naturally.
第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I got on the bus and noticed a girl looking at me. With the warmest smiles, she rose and 41 into the aisle （ 过道）, offering her seat to me politely and respectably. I was wrong-footed, then conflicted. "No," I 42 silently, holding back a laugh from within, "I come from a 43 where I do that for you." I realized immediately what a 44 place that was.
Speech failed me; I burnt with 45 . Later, I reflected that this was an act of 46 . I bowed in recognition, 47 felt I bowed with shame. I am fit, able, strong. In my head, I am 48 . She shocked me by making me so acutely aware of my 49 years.
To accept the seat was to accept that 50 status --- elderly, needy, requiring care --- a status I was not yet 51 to acquire. To decline was to 52 an act of generosity. To turn a blind eye was to appear 53 and impolite. To explain, on a 54 bus, was impossible.
The 55 situation was played out before the other passengers. What if, once I was seated, an older person 56 and no one offered a seat? Should I remain seated and burn with shame, or stand and 57 my newly received gift --- a slap （ 巴 掌 ） in the face for the kind and caring girl?
58 I took the seat, smiled and 59 my head on to my chest. The bus came to a stop. I got up, walked slowly, 60 and noisily down the aisle and out into the rain.
41．A．stepped B．climbed C．slid D．ran
42．A．argued B．screamed C．announced D．added
43．A．continent B．community C．family D．generation
44．A．nice B．proper C．public D．strange
45．A．disappointment B．weakness C．embarrassment D．happiness
46．A．aggression B．violence C．goodness D．faith
47．A．but B．and C．so D．or
48．A．wrong B．vital C．normal D．young
49．A．coming B．advancing C．past D．recent
50．A．high B．low C．new D．equal
51．A．suitable B．ready C．proud D．perfect
52．A．reject B．perform C．commit D．balance
53．A．ungrateful B．unfortunate C．uncomfortable D．unbearable
54．A．school B．shuttle C．crowded D．local
55．A．different B．similar C．dangerous D．tough
56．A．boarded B．entered C．searched D．relaxed
57．A．hand out B．give up C．give back D．hand over
58．A．Doubtfully B．Naturally C．Delightedly D．Awkwardly
59．A．shook B．nodded C．hung D．lifted
60．A．suddenly B．heavily C．energetically D．effortlessly
第 II 卷
第三部分 英语知识运用
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
41．(suffer) many failures，Rio Olympics gold medalist table tennis player Ding Ning rose to the peak of her sport，In 2006，Ding's ranking in the national team was the last but one，42．within several years of practice，she raised her level little by little to become China's number one player.
Things don't always go so 43．(smooth). In 2010，when taking part in the World Team Table Tennis Championships in Moscow，Ding was beaten by a duo(搭档) from Singapore in the woman's doubles final，44．made her burst into tears. The experience gave her a heavy blow. Drying her eyes，Ding worked harder45．(relieve) herself of the pressure of the failure. In 2011，Ding harvested her first world championship in the woman's singles during the World Table Tennis Championships 46． (hold) in Rotterdam，Netherlands，which helped her step out of the shadow of the Moscow47．(lose).
However，when she competed during the 2012 London Olympics，one of her playing techniques48．(judge) repeatedly as & breach(违犯) of rules. At last she returned 49． a silver，The setback let her suffer a heavier blow.
“But all these failures are my most precious resources. They50． (give) me a lesson about table tennis，life and healthy growth，" said Ding.
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I have been decided to become a pilot since I am a little kid. Each time I see a plane flying across sky, I feel extremely excited but want to fly it. That is why I believe It can make me happily and free. To make my dream come true, I have to be physically fit by keeping a healthy diet and work out regularly. Besides, I must work hard to make great progresses with my studies. Although it is not that easy to being a pilot, I'll never give up my dream and spare no effort to realize them.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
春季是充满希望的季节，但也是各种传染病多发的季节。假定你是校学生会主席李华， 请代表学生会给你校英语报“青少年健康”栏目写一封主题为“健康生活.远离病毒”的 倡议书，
内容包括：
1.简述倡议目的；
2.提出防范措施；
3.倡议共同行动。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已经给岀，不计入词数。
（相关词汇：传染病 infectious diseases； 口 罩：mask：病毒：virus）
Dear fellow students,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Student Union
参考答案及解析
【答案】
第一部分 听力
1-5：BCACB 6-10：BACBB 11-15： ACBCA 16-20 ：BAACC
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
21-23.CBC 24-27 AADB 28-31 BABD 32-35 BCBD
第二节
36-40 BDFEG
第三部分 英语知识运用
第一节 完形填空
41-45．ABDDC 46-50．CADBC 51-55．BAACD 56-60．ABDCB
第二节 英语知识运用
61．Having suffered 62．but 63．smoothly 64．which 65．to relieve
66．held 67．loss 68．was judged 69．with 70．have given
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错
71. 去掉been；
72.am→was；
73.across后加the；
74.but→and；
75.why→because；
76.happily→happy；
77.work→working；
78.progresses→progress；
79.being→be；
80.them→it
第二节 写作
Dear fellow students，
Spring is coming! It brings us hope as well as a lot of infectious diseases. Some measures are supposed to be taken to protect us from the virus.
First of all people with cold or flu-like symptoms should wear masks to prevent viruses spreading from person to person. Of course, don't forget to wash your hands properly before eating or after using the toilet. Regular exercise is also one of the most important ways to help you stay away from catching any disease. If possible, avoid going to crowded public places such as cinemas, shopping malls and internet bars etc.
A healthy body results from good healthy habits, so let's act together to fight against diseases and create a better lite!
The Student Union
【解析】
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
A
这是一篇广告布告类阅读。这篇文章主要为人们推荐了适合全家人旅游的Philip J. Currie恐龙博物馆。
21．细节理解题。答案定位在第二段……a large outdoor playground and the onsite Dine-O-Saur restaurant.可知Philip J. Currie恐龙博物馆有一个大型的户外游乐场和餐厅。所以在Philip J. Currie恐龙博物馆，人们可以在一个大的户外操场上玩得很开心，故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据September 1st—May 31st: Tuesday—Sunday 10 : 00 a. m. — 6 : 00 p. m.可知十月份的每周二到每周日，下午六点关门，由此可知，出你应该尽量避免下午六点以后去，故选B。
23．推理判断题。第一段There is an exhibition of dinosaurs at the Philip J. Currie Dinosaur Museum in Wembley, Albert A. You can plan a family road trip there. Give your child a surprise and you’ll enjoy your time there as a family.可知，在阿尔伯特 · 温布利的菲利普 · j · 柯里恐龙博物馆有一个恐龙展，你可以计划一个家庭自驾游。给你的孩子一个惊喜，你会和家人一起享受在那里的时光。以及下文Philip J. Currie恐龙博物馆的具体介绍。可知，短文主要是为人们推荐了适合全家人旅游的Philip J. Currie恐龙博物馆。由此判断出短文的目的是为展览做广告。故选C。
B
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者来中国教英语的工作经历。他对学生们的生活产生了积极的影响，同时他也学会了敞开心扉成为一个更有爱心和耐心的人。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段中的For more than three years, I have been making movements with the universe, traveling from location to location at seemingly random intervals.可知，三年多来，我一直在跟着宇宙移动，从一个地方移动到另一个地方，时间间隔似乎是随机的。由此推知，作者在来中国之前，他没有固定的工作。故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段中的Walking into my first class, I was bombed by 16 strange children who couldn’t understand a single word out of my mouth.可知，走进我的第一堂课，我被16个陌生的孩子震惊了，他们无法理解我说出的每一个字。由此推知，作者第一次见到学生时，他感觉到教学是很难开展的。故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段中的I was loved and adored, feared and hated. I had to learn discipline, and not only how to deal it out, but how to discipline and conduct myself as a role model. And when they threw temper or bruised their knee or missed their mommy, I forgave them, kissed their bruises better, and gave them a shoulder to cry on.
可知，我被爱，被崇拜，被恐惧，被憎恨。我必须学会自律，不仅要学会如何处理它，还要学会如何自律，如何把自己作为一个榜样。当他们发脾气、碰伤膝盖或想念妈妈时，我原谅了他们，更好地吻了他们的瘀伤，给了他们一个可以哭的肩膀。由此推知，作者是一个善于自我反省而且很体贴的人。故选D。
27．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句上文I have walked away from this job with a softened heart, knowing that I have made a difference in so many lives.可知，我带着一颗柔软的心离开了这份工作，我知道我已经改变了很多人的生活。再根据划线词后的because they taught me how to unconditionally open my heart and how to be a more 1oving and patient person.(因为他们教会了我如何无条件地敞开心扉，如何做一个更有爱心、更有耐心的人)可知，这是作者在工作中的收获。由此推知，作者希望他的教学对学生们起到的作用能和学生对他的影响是等同的。即划线词的意思是“同等的，对等的”。故选B。
C
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国登月的幕后功臣：传奇女数学家的101岁的传奇人生。
28．推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon, and she gave it to them. Wielding little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country, Mrs. Johnson, who died at 101 on Monday, calculated the precise trajectories that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrong's history—making moonwalk, let it return to Earth.( 他们向凯瑟琳·约翰逊要月亮，她给了他们。约翰逊夫人,周一去世，享年101岁。凭借着不过一支铅笔，一把计算尺和最为杰出的数学头脑，约翰逊计算出了1969年助力阿波罗11号登陆月球的精确轨迹，并让尼尔.阿姆斯特朗在历史性的月球漫步后成功返回地球。)”由此判断出，第一段的主要目的为强调约翰逊夫人对于阿波罗11号登陆月球的贡献。故选B项。
29．词义猜测题。分析可知，划线单词所在句应是本段首句，应起到承前启后的作用。结合后文“In old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrated of black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency. Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film "Hidden Figures," which was nominated for three Oscars, including best picture.( 约翰逊夫人晚年成为美国航天局最著名的黑人女数学家。2016年的好莱坞电影《隐藏人物》讲述了他们的故事，这部电影获得了包括最佳影片奖在内的三项奥斯卡提名。)”讲述了她后来的地位和影响，可知，句中的“barriers”应是指前文提及的“For some years at midcentury, the black women were subjected to a double segregation：They were kept separate from the much large group of white women who in turn were segregated from the agency's male mathematicians and engineers.” 在上世纪中叶的一些年里，黑人女性受到双重隔离：她们被隔离于数量庞大的白人女性群体之外，
而白人女性又被隔离于该机构的男性数学家和工程师之外。所以划线的词意思为“性别不平等和肤色界线。”故选A项。
30．细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容“That year, The Washington Post described her as “the most high - profile of the computers” — “computers” being the term originally used to describe Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues, much as “typewriters” were used in the 19th century to represent professional typists.( 那一年，《华盛顿邮报》称她为“计算机界最引人注目的人物”——“计算机”一词最初用来形容约翰逊夫人和她的同事，就像19世纪用来代表职业打字员的“打字机”一样。) ”且前文提及“In old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrated of black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency.( 约翰逊夫人晚年成为美国航天局最著名的黑人女数学家。)”可知，称她们为计算机，是因为她们是数学家，拥有数学头脑，计算出了人类迈向月球的距离。故选B项。
31．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段内容：She “helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space,” NASA's administrator, Jim Bridenstine, said in a statement on Monday, “even as she made huge steps that also opened doors for women and people of color in the universal human quest to explore space.”(美国宇航局局长吉姆布里登斯汀(Jim Bridenstine)在周一的一份声明中说，她“帮助我们的国家扩大了太空领域的前沿”，“她迈出了巨大的一步，也为女性和不同肤色的人种探索太空打开了大门。”)由此判断出，可以从她身上学到不要受到别人的束缚，走出自己的道路。选项D. Never be limited by the labels attached by others.(永远不要被别人贴上的标签所限制。)符合推测，故选D项。
D
这是一篇说明文。燃烧煤导致了大量的能引起温室效应的二氧化碳排放到了大气中，仅仅是减少二氧化碳的排放并不足以避免全球气候变暖带来的灾难。现有的实验阶段的去除二氧化碳的机器又太贵，无法大面积普及使用。还好一项新的研究表明，有效又经济的去除二氧化碳的办法已经存在，那就是森林。
32．词义猜测题。由划线句子上一句As the planet heats up, experts warn that simply cutting greenhouse gas emissions will not be enough to avoid possibly disastrous levels of global warming.(随着地球变暖，专家警告说仅仅是减少二氧化碳的排放并不足以避免全球气候变暖带来的灾难)可推知，划线词所在句意为“二氧化碳必须从空气中移除”。划线单词也与下段首句Existing experimental machines that remove CO2 directly from the air are too costly to be widely used.(现有的直接从空气中移除二氧化碳的实验机太贵，无法广泛使用)中的remove呼应。A. Prevented阻止，阻碍；B. Cleared移走，清除；C. Produced生产，制造；D. Stored贮藏，保存。故选B。
33．细节理解题。由第二段中的But a new report from the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine says effective carbon-removal technology already exists. It is not costly,
or even complex science. It's forests(美国国家科学、工程和医学院的一项新报告表明，有效的去除二氧化碳的技术已经存在。它花费不高，甚至不是复杂的科学。它就是森林)可知，与现有的试验机相比，森林的好处是省钱。故选C。
34．推理判断题。由题干中的West Virginia可将本题答案定位在文章第三段内。由其中前两句The report explains that planting trees and overseeing forests are cost-effective ways to clean the air. They also work well across large areas.(研究显示，植树造林是划算的清理空气的方法。它们也适合大面积的使用)可知，本段中的举例是为证明用植树造林来清理空气是切实可行的。故选B。
35．细节理解题。由第四段中的red spruce (云杉) forests such as those in the Monongahela are extremely effective at taking CO2 out of the atmosphere and locking it into the soil.(像莫农加希拉的这些云杉在吸收空气中的二氧化碳，并将它们锁在土壤内这些方面是极其有效的)可知，云杉能将二氧化碳储存在土壤中。故选D。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
本文是说明文。文章讲述了一个人如何建立终身学习思维方式的方法。
36．根据空后Seek out information that may be contrary to what you believe. Challenge yourself to find a better way.(找出可能与你所相信的相反的信息。挑战自己，找到更好的方法)可知，B项（挑战传统思维）能够与下文连接通顺。该选项中的challenge在本段的第三句中出现了。故选B项。
37．根据空前The practice of learning from mistakes is one of the best lifelong learning skills anyone can master.(从错误中学习是任何人都可以掌握的最好的终身学习技能之一)和空后They show us better way to think and work.(它们向我们展示了更好的思考和工作方式)可知，D项（从错误中可以学习很多东西）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。空格后面的they指代该选项中的mistakes。故选D项。
38．根据空前Individuals with a fixed mindset believe their intelligence and talents are fixed.(思维方式固定的人相信自己的才智和才华是固定的)和空后People with a growth mindset believe they can improve themselves through practice.(拥有成长型思维方式的人认为他们可以通过练习来提高自己)可知，F项（他们认为自己无法通过努力得到改善）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的they指的是前一句中的Individuals with a fixed mindset。空后的句子所提到的People with a growth mindset与前面的they所指代的Individuals with a fixed mindset形成对比。故选F项。
39．根据空前Every year set goals for yourself on skills and knowledge you want to acquire.(每年，你要根据自己想要获得的技能和知识为自己设定目标)和空后Besides, I always have the daily goal of learning something new whether through reading or by talking to other people.(此外，我每天常通过阅读或与他人交谈来学习新事物)可知，E项（我通常每年设定三个主要的学习目标）
能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的goals在本段中多次出现，是本段的关键词。故选E项。
40．根据空前Keep life relaxed and learning will follow.(生活中要保持放松然后就可以进行学习)可知，G项（这样，成功将自然而然地发生）能够承接上文。该选项中的this way指的是前一句的做法。故选G项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节， 满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20 小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）
本文是记叙文，讲述了作者一次尴尬地接受让座的经历。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：带着最温暖的微笑，她站起来，走到过道，礼貌而尊敬地把座位让给我。 A. stepped走；B. climbed攀登，爬；C. slid滑；D. ran跑。根据下文的offering her seat to me可知，女孩应该是站起来，走到过道，以便给作者让座。故选A项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“不，”我心里暗暗地叫着，抑制住内心的笑，“我是给你让座的那一代人”。A. argued争论；B. screamed尖叫；C. announced宣布；D. added补充说。根据下文作者一系列的心理活动和下一段的“Speech failed me”可知，作者内心在抗拒别人给他让座，心里大声地说“不”。故选B项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“不，”我心里暗暗地叫着，抑制住内心的笑，“我是给你让座的那一代人”。A. continent大陆；B. community社区；C. family家庭；D. generation一代。
根据下文的“I am fit, able, strong”可知，作者觉得自己应该是给小女孩让座的一代人。故选D项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我立刻意识到那是一个多么奇怪的地方。A. nice好的； B. proper合适的；C. public公共的；D. strange奇怪的。作者面对女孩的让座感到很尴尬，心里很奇怪的感觉。故选D项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我说不出话来，尴尬得满脸通红。A. disappointment失望；B. weakness软弱；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. happiness幸福。根据下文的“I bowed with shame”可知，作者感到很尴尬。故选C项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 后来，我想这是一种善行。A. aggression 侵略；B. violence暴力；C. goodness善良；D. faith信仰。按照常理，给别人让座是一种善良的行为。故选C项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我鞠了一躬表示酬谢，但感到羞愧难当。A. but但是；B. and和；C. so因此；D. or或者。根据语境可知，作者一方面因感谢那个小女孩向她鞠躬，一方面自己又感觉很羞愧，前后句之间存在转折的意义。故选A项。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很健康、能干、强壮。 在我的脑海里，我很年轻。A. wrong错误的；B. vital 至关重要的；C. normal正常的；D. young年轻的。
根据前面的“I am fit, able, strong”可知，作者自认为身体还很好，还年轻。故选D项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她让我如此敏锐地意识到自己年事渐高，这让我很震惊。A. coming即将到来的；B. advancing前进的，年长的；C. past过去的；D. recent最近的。作者本来觉得自己还年轻，但是女孩的让座让他意识到自己年事渐高。advancing years/age是固定搭配，意思为“年事渐高”。故选B项。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接受这个座位就是接受这个新的身份——老年人、有需要的人、需要照顾的人——一个我还没有准备好获得的身份。A. high高的；B. low低的；C. new新的；D. equal平等的。根据上文的语境可知，作者觉得自己还年轻，还不觉得自己年纪大了，到了需要人照顾的年龄。老年人对于作者来说是一个新的身份。故选C项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接受这个位子就是接受这个新的身份——老年人、有需要的人、需要照顾的人——一个我还没有准备好获得的身份。A. suitable 适合的；B. ready准备好的；C. proud骄傲的 ；D. perfect完美的。作者觉得自己还年轻，还没有准备好接受自己年龄大了这个事实。故选B项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：拒绝就是拒绝一种慷慨的行为。A. reject 拒绝；B. perform表演；C. commit承担义务，犯罪；D. balance平衡。根据To decline可知，作者觉得如果拒绝那个小女孩的让座， 就是拒绝了一种慷慨的行为。故选A项。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：视而不见就显得不领情、不礼貌。A. ungrateful不感激的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unbearable难以忍受的。按照常理，别人给你让座，你反而视而不见，是不礼貌的，也是不领别人的情。故选A项。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在拥挤的公共汽车上，解释是不可能的。A. school学校；B. shuttle 穿短程往返运行工具；C. crowded拥挤的；D. local当地的。作者此时是在公汽上，既然小女孩给他让座，应该是车上人很多，很拥挤。故选C项。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艰难的局面暴露在其他乘客的面前。 A. different 不同的；B. similar相似的；C. dangerous危险的；D. tough艰难的。根据下一句语境“What if, once I was seated, an older person _____ and no one offered a seat? ”可知，作者纠结着如果有年龄更大的人上车，该不该让座。他面临很棘手的情况。故选D项。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦我坐着，如果一个年长的人上车，没有人让座，该怎么办？ A. boarded上（车、飞机、船）；B. entered进入；C. searched寻找；D. relaxed放松。 board意思为“上(车、飞机、船等)”，此处指上公交车。故选A项。
57．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我是应该非常难为情地继续坐着，还是应该站起来，放弃我新收到的礼物——那个善良的有爱心的姑娘给我的一个耳光？A. hand out分发；B. give up放弃；C. give back归还；D. hand over移交。作者此时在纠结如果有更年长的人上车，他是继续坐着还是该给更年长的人让座。故选B项。
58．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我尴尬地坐了下来，笑了笑，头都低到了胸口。A. Doubtfully怀疑地；B. Naturally 自然而然地；C. Delightedly 高兴地；D. Awkwardly尴尬地。根据上文的“with shame”可知，作者接受座位的时候很尴尬。故选D项。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尴尬地坐了下来，笑了笑，头都低到了胸口。 A. shook摇头；B. nodded点头；C. hung垂下。D. lifted抬起。由于作者感到很尴尬，因此坐着时低垂着头。故选C项。
60．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我站起来，脚步缓慢、沉重，沿着嘈杂的过道，走进雨中。A. suddenly突然地；B. heavily沉重地；C. energetically精力充沛地；D. effortlessly毫不费力。根据语境可知，作者接受让座以后，心中很羞愧，因此下车的时候，心情非常沉重。故选B项。
第二节 英语知识运用（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了奥运会金牌获得者乒乓球运动员丁宁的有关事迹。丁宁经历过许多失败，但是所有这些挫折都是丁宁最宝贵的资源，它们给她上了有关乒乓球及生活和健康成长的一课。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：遭受了许多失败，里约奥运会金牌得主乒乓球运动员丁宁登上了她的运动巅峰。分析句子可知，谓语动词是rose，故suffer用非谓语动词形式作状语，suffer与逻辑主语Rio Olympics gold medalist table tennis player Ding Ning是主动关系，且根据句意遭
受许多失败以后登上运动巅峰，故suffer先于谓语动词rose，故用现在分词的完成时，置句首单词首字母大写，故填Having suffered。
62．考查连词。句意：在2006年，丁宁在国家队的排名是倒数第二，但是在几年的练习中，她逐渐提高了自己的水平，成为中国最好的球员。根据句意，前后文是转折关系，故填but。
63．考查副词。句中go为实义动词，表示“进行，进展”，后面应接副词作状语。故填smoothly。故填smoothly。
64．考查定语从句。这是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语且指的是丁宁在女子双打决赛中被打败这件事，故用关系代词which。故填which。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：丁宁擦干眼泪，更加努力训练以使自己从失败的压力中解脱出来。分析句子可知，此处用不定式作目的状语，故填to relieve。
66．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语且修饰the World Table Tennis Championships，hold与the World Table Tennis Championships之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，动作已经发生，故用过去分词held。故填held。
67．考查名词。介词of后接名词作宾语，故填loss。
68．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，主语one指代technique是第三人称单数，与谓语动词judge是动宾关系，用被动语态，根据when引导的时间状语从句表示一般过去时，句子使用一般过去时，综上可知，填was judged。
69．考查介词。句意：她拿着银回来了。with表示“带着；拿着”，根据句意，故填with。
70．考查动词时态。根据语境可知，所有这些挫折都是丁宁最宝贵的资源，它们给她上了有关乒乓球及生活和健康成长的一课。根据语境可知give这一动作虽然发生在过去，但对现在的丁宁产生了积极的影响，故应用现在完成时。主语是they，助动词要用have。故填have given。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）
这是一篇记叙文。作者的梦想是成为一名飞行员，他不遗余力地去实现它。
71.考查语态。句意：我从小就决定当飞行员。此处since引导时间状语从句，主句是主动语态，故把been去掉。
72.考查时态。句意：我从小就决定当飞行员。此处since引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时态，从句用一般过去时态，故把am改成was。
73.
考查定冠词。句意：每当我看到一架飞机飞过天空，我感到非常兴奋，我想要驾驶它。此处特指“天空”，故在across后加the。
74.考查并列连词。句意：每当我看到一架飞机飞过天空，我感到非常兴奋，我想要驾驶它。这是Each time引导的时间状语从句，主句是并列的谓语动词，是递进关系，故把but改成and。
75.考查表语从句。句意：那是因为我相信它可以让我快乐和自由。此处的表语从句表示的是“原因”而不是“结果”。故把why改成because。
76.考查形容词作宾语补足语。句意：那是因为我相信它可以让我快乐和自由。固定结构：make+宾语+宾语补足语（形容词）。此处形容词作宾语补足语，而happily是副词，其形容词是happy，故把happily改成happy。
77.考查动名词作介词宾语。句意：为了让我的梦想成真,我必须身体健康,保持健康的饮食,经常锻炼。此处work和keep是并列关系，介词by后用动名词作宾语，故把work改成working。
78.考查不可数名词。此处progress“进步”是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故把progresses改成progress。
79.考查动词不定式作真正主语。句意：虽然它是不容易成为一名飞行员，我永远不会放弃我的梦想，不遗余力地实现它。此处Although引导让步状语从句，从句中it是形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语，故把being改成be。
80.考查代词。句意：虽然它是不容易成为一名飞行员，我永远不会放弃我的梦想，不遗余力地实现它。此处dream是单数名词，用it替代，故把them改成it。
第二节 书面表达 （满25分）略
本文为应用文。春季是充满希望的季节，但也是各种传染病多发的季节。假定你是校学生会主席李华， 请代表学生会给你校英语报“青少年健康”栏目写一封主题为“健康生活，远离病毒”的 倡议书，内容包括：简述倡议目的；提出防范措施；倡议共同行动。
倡议书属于应用文的一种，由标题、称呼、正文、结尾、落款五部分组成。一般用将来时或一般现在时。第一部分引出倡议目的：提倡开展某项有意义的活动，推行某种行之有效的作法。第二段列举倡议内容和要求，并提出防范措施。倡议其实就是提建议，倡议书中所倡导的活动具有其广泛性和推广性。因此，可用be supposed to （应该）， it is suggested that... （建议）， it would be better if... （如果......，那就更好了）等。倡议的内容通常都不只一个，因此可用in addition， besides， additionally， what’s more， furthermore， moreover来列举这些内容。第三部分即结束语，要表示倡议者的决心和希望，倡议共同行动。写倡议书时，尽量使用具有感召力的语言，如名人名句，警句，以及对偶，排比等，提高语言的表达效果。
听力原文
Text 1
W: Pass me the orange juice, please?
M: Sorry, I didn’t hear that. The kids are making such a noise.
W: I like peace and quiet while dining. They should play their pop songs elsewhere. (1)
Text 2
M: Who was that knocking at the window? Did we lock Allie out again?
W: No, our kid has slept soundly. (2) It was one of those wild turkeys in the neighborhood. They like to hit our door and windows with their heads. They’re worse than the cat!
Text 3
W: It’s so cold here. Let’s go to the beach for the holiday. I found cheap tickets to the south of France in December.
M: I was thinking about a ski trip, but we can save that for February. (3)
Text 4
M: Can you believe it? Just a few weeks ago we were wearing shorts and now we are wrapped up against winter winds?
W: The weather changes so fast in this city. In summer it’s hot, and now we have this freezing weather. (4) But spring will soon come around.
Text 5
M: I’d like one pound of beef, two pounds of ham, and two more pounds of chicken. How much will that cost?
W: That will be $25, sir. I’ll have to cut the beef up. It should only take about five minutes. (5)
Text 6
W: I got my driver’s license the day I turned 18, but my parents didn’t let me drive till three years later. (6)
M: My parents bought me a second-hand car when I got my driver’s license.
W: You are lucky. I had to have all of my friends drive me around for years! They were all older than me by a few months and still had their licenses before I did. What month were you born in? I was born in September. My birthday is exactly two months after my sister’s!
M: I was born on Christmas actually. (7) It gets a little annoying because we have to celebrate both and I don’t get my own day!
Text 7
W: How was your camping trip last weekend, John?
M: Not great. The first night we stayed at one of those camping areas where you need to pay to get in. There were too many people there, though. (8) (9)
W: So, what happened next?
M: The next day we decided to hike about four hours to a spot where there wasn’t anybody around. (9) That was a big mistake.
W: Why?
M: None of us brought anything to make a fire with. Then it started raining, and we realized even with our warm clothes it was too cold to stay overnight.
W: So what did you do?
M: We hiked back to the original camping area in complete darkness. We left the next morning because everyone was too tired from the night before. (9) What did you do?
W: I watched a movie at home by a nice wood fire.
Text 8
M: Roger is so intelligent. (10) He thinks for himself. He’s a hard worker. He has good ideas and he doesn’t follow the crowd.
W: So why does he do so badly in his exams? (10)
M: Because he suffers from anxiety. He lacks confidence. (10) His brain is so active and he thinks too much. When it comes to exams, his intelligence actually works against him.
W: I wish we could help him. It seems so unfair that a person’s future can be determined by how well they perform on one particular day.
M: It is unfair — but life is unfair. We must try to help him by showing him how to keep calm in stressful situations. (11)
W: How do we do that? I can’t say that I’m exactly an expert at dealing with stress, although I am better at it than I used to be.
M: I can help him. I always think that exercise is a great way for dealing with stress and anxiety. When you have exhausted yourself while doing exercise, you don’t have the energy to be nervous. (12)
W: That is so right! I always feel calm after working out in the gym. (12)
Text 9
M: How is the job hunt going? (13)
W: I’ve applied to more than 20 jobs and had three interviews. I got two job offers but I do not really like either of them. (13)
M: Why not?
W: Neither of them gave me a good salary offer. I think I deserve more than that.
M: Have you researched what kind of salary your position should earn?
W: Yes, and I should be getting much more than what they are offering me.
M: Well, do you like the companies and the benefits they are offering you?
W: I do, especially one of them called The Creator. (14) They got a lot of great reviews from their employees, and they are offering a great benefits package which includes medical and dental insurance and more holiday time than any other company. (14)
M: That’s great. Don’t just decline the job offer. You know what, you can negotiate the salary offer they give you. (16)
W: I’d been at the company we were at for so long. (15) I forgot about the job process. I am a little worried about asking for more.
M: Listen! If they offered you a job, that means they want you! Especially in your field, data analytics, you are needed in today’s job market. Everyone needs people to figure out what to do with all the data being collected.
W: You have a point. I will give them a call right now. (16)
Text 10 (第20题为总结题)
Hello everyone, and thank you for inviting me to speak at your school. (17) Now here is a big word for you — volcanologist. That is my job. Volcanology is the study of volcanoes and I spend much of my time traveling to volcanoes around the world. China can count itself lucky. It doesn’t have many active volcanoes. The last one to erupt was in 1951. My job has taken me to many countries, from Italy to the U.S. I have just come back from Indonesia, (18) one of the most active volcanic areas. So why is my job important? Because when we understand volcanoes, we can predict how they will behave and help protect the people who live near them from possible harm. When we think of volcanoes erupting, we think of rocks but perhaps the biggest danger is from ash. There have been some very famous volcano eruptions. Krakatoa, in Indonesia, erupted in 1883,
killing over 36,000 people. Santorini, in Greece, was ruined by an explosion about 3600 years ago. But the most famous eruption was Vesuvius in Italy in 79 AD. (19) Ash from the explosion buried the Roman towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum, preserving them so well that we can now visit them today. They are a treasure for historians, so you could say every volcanic cloud has a silver lining.
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