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北京大学附属中学2019届高考仿真模拟卷（六）
高 三 英 语
试卷满分：120分 考试时间：100分钟
出卷人：英语教研室高三林可心教师
审卷人：英语教研室高三全体教师
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2. 本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3. 请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
4. 请保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要装订、不要折叠、不要破损。
笔试（共三部分120分）
第一部分知识运用（共两节45分）
第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1
个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
My classmates and I had a really unforgettable experience，which made us very happy. We paid a visit 1 Lucy’s house yesterday. We didn’t have difficulty finding her house because she 2 (give) us clear directions. When we arrived at her house, her mother was preparing food for us. Then we began to help with the cooking. About an hour later, the food was ready, and we sat at the table enjoying the delicious food including fish and 3 (vegetable). Finally we went to Ann’s room where we watched our favourite TV programme together. 4 (decorate) with flowers and balloons, the room was warm and comfortable.
B
The beautiful canola(油菜) flowers in spring attracted a large number of visitors to Hanzhong, a city in the south of western Shaanxi province. The city’s 9th annual canola flower festival 5 (start) on March 13 and ended on May 1, 2018. There were more than 600 square kilometers of canola fields in Hanzhong, 6 created unique scenery. About 50 observation spots 7 (design) for the tourists throughout the city.
C
25 people were killed and 50 injured on Wednesday in a train accident in Cairo, which surprised local people. According to the BBC, Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouli visited the scene and he said 8 cause was not yet known, but Egypt's police were conducting an investigation (进行调查) 9 (find) the reason of the accident. Egypt had one of the 10 (old) and largest rail networks, and crashes and other accidents were common.
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
During my second year in high school, I got sick and missed a few days. When I 11, I was greeted with two essays due, three days of math and history homework, plus several tests. 12 I
went home from school that day exhausted, I had to stay up really late to finish them all.
The next day at school, I got a rude awakening: I’d totally forgotten to prepare for the 13 on Romeo and Juliet, which I’d take 14 my lunch hour! Worse still, I had 15 the in-class discussion and all the notes. When lunch came, I went to the English room to face my certain doom(厄运). All I could do was try to 16 on the questions I didn’t know.
As it turned out, I didn’t know the majority of the questions. I was just about to give
17when my pencil accidentally fell and broke. Standing by the blackboard sharpening my pencil, I 18 down and there in full view lay the answer sheet for the test! What good fortune! I can kiss good-bye to all my 19of failing the test! My heart started beating, and my brain 20, Yes! Read over the answers—quickly! This was quickly followed by another voice, No! You’ll get caught! My mind turning back and forth, Yes! No! Yes! No! …This went on for ten of the 21 seconds in my entire life.
Finally, I decided to finish the test on my own, without 22! I was satisfied with my decision but pretty 23 I had failed the test.
The next day when I walked into the English room, my great joy of having been an
24 soul changed into a wave of doom as I saw my test paper lying face down on my desk. I knew what awaited me. I stared at it a few seconds before I got up the 25 to turn it over.
You can only imagine my 26 when I learned that I had passed the test! I have never in my whole life been so happy to see my 27, a C-.
My mom says the victories that 28 the most courage are won within. Now I know 29 what she means. Now not only can my conscience(良心) rest easy, but I don’t have to worry about getting caught and meeting a sad 30 like Romeo and Juliet.
11. A. arrived B. returned C. appeared D. finished
12. A. If B. Because C. Until D. Although
13. A. lecture B. essay C. play D. test
14. A. by B. upon C. over D. toward
15. A. missed B. carried C. lost D. dropped
16. A. depend B. agree C. guess D. improve
17. A. in B. off C. out D. away
18. A. wrote B. settled C. calmed D. looked
19. A. boredom B. worries C. loneliness D. tiredness
20. A. whispered B. warned C. persuaded D. chanted
21. A. coldest B. saddest C. longest D. fastest
22. A. suffering B. checking C. cheating D. thinking
23. A. certain B. regretful C. annoyed D. relieved
24. A. open B. honest C. optimistic D. energetic
25. A. wisdom B. encouragement C. intention D. nerve
26. A. anxiety B. shock C. fear D. appreciation
27. A.paper B.credit C. rate D. grade
28. A. take B. put C. find D. gain
29. A. gradually B. exactly C. willingly D. seemingly
30. A. film B. fact C. ending D. love
第二部分阅读理解（共两节40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Training the Brain
People who can accomplish unbelievable tasks, such as memorizing thousands of random numbers in under an hour, state that they just have normal brains. Some memory superstars compete in Olympic-like World Memory Championships. These mental athletes, or MAs for short, can memorize names of dozens of strangers in a few minutes or any poem handed them. Ed Cooke, a 24-year-old MA, explains they see themselves as participants rescuing the long-lost art of memory training. These techniques existed not to recall useless information, but to cut into the brain basic text and ideas.
A study in the journal Nature examined eight people who finished near the top of the World Memory Championships. The scientists examined whether their brains were fundamentally different from everyone else’s or whether they were simply making better use of memorizing abilities we all possess. They put the MAs and control subjects into brain scanners and had them memorize numbers and photographs. The result surprised everyone. The brains of the MAs and those of the control subjects were indistinguishable. On every test, the MAs scored in the normal range. However, when the scientists examined what part of the brain was used during a memory activity, they found the MAs relied more heavily on areas in the brain involved in spatial memory.
MAs offer an explanation: anything can be fixed upon our memories and kept in order by constructing a building in the imagination and filling it with pictures of what needs to be recalled. Dating back to the fifth century, the building is called a memory palace. Even as late as the fourteenth century, when there were copies of any text, scholars needed to remember what was read to them. Reading to remember requires a different technique than speed reading. If something is made memorable, it has to be repeated. Until relatively recently, people read only a few books intensively (细致地) again and again, usually aloud. Today we read extensively, usually only once and without continuous focus.
So the great difference is the ability to create impressive pictures in mind and to do it quickly. Using memory palaces, MAs create memorized pictures. For example, recombine the pictures to form unforgettable scenes such as the ways through a town. One competitor used his own body parts to help him memorize a 57,000-word dictionary.
Anyone who wishes to train the mind needs first to create fantastical palaces in the imagination. Then they should cut each building into cubbyholes for memories. In a short amount of time, they will notice improvement with remembering things. To keep the skill sharp, MAs deliberately empty their palaces after competitions, so they can reuse them and they recommend that beginners do the same.
31. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that a mental athlete ______.
A. owns a brain that is larger in size
B. shows a gift in mental ability tests
C. uses the memorizing technique better
D. depends less on the areas that control spatial memory
32. Why does the author mention “speed reading” in Paragraph 3?
A. To discuss the memorizing technique in the fifth century.
B. To give the reason why people read only a few books carefully.
C. To explain the text fourteenth century scholars had to remember.
D. To compare the type of reading nowadays with that of earlier times.
33. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. There is a variety of unforgettable scenes.
B. Memory palaces can be quickly forgotten.
C. Impressive pictures are in actual buildings.
D. One person probably has 57,000 body parts.
34. What does the underlined word “cubbyholes” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Small spaces. B. Blacks holes.
C. Technical skills. D. Different numbers.
B
Until recently, voice cloning — or voice banking, as it was then known — was a customized industry which served those at risk of losing the power of speech to cancer or surgery. Synthesizing(合成) a voice was a long and expensive process. It meant recording many phrases, each spoken many times, with different the history of the KidPass blog emotional emphases(重音) and in different contexts (statement, question, command and so forth), in order to the tips on writing good articles online cover all possible pronunciations.
Not any more. Software exists that can store pieces of recorded speech which is merely five milliseconds long, each marked with a precise pitch(音高). These can be put together to make new words, and adjusted individually so that they fit harmoniously into their new sonic homes. This is much cheaper than conventional voice banking, and permits novel uses to be developed.
This year Vivo Text plans to release an app that lets users select the emphasis, speed and level of happiness or sadness with which individual words and phrases are produced. Mr. Silbert refers to the emotive quality of the human voice as “the ultimate instrument”. Yet this power also troubles him. Vivo Text licenses its software to Hasbro, an American toymaker keen to sell increasingly interactive playthings. Hasbro is aware, Mr. Silbert notes, that without safeguards a naughty child might, for example, type impolite words on his mother’s smartphone in order to see a younger sibling burst into tears on hearing them spoken by a toy using mum’s voice.
More troubling, when tested against voice-biometrics software like that used by many banks to block unauthorized access to accounts, more than 80% of the fake voices tricked the computer. Alan Black, one of Festvox’s developers, thinks systems that rely on voice-ID software are now “deeply, fundamentally insecure”.
Dr. Saxena and his colleagues asked volunteers if a voice sample belonged to a person whose real speech they had just listened to for about 90 seconds. The volunteers recognized cloned speech as such only half the time (no better than chance). The outcome, according to George Papcun, an expert witness paid to detect fake recordings produced as evidence in court, is the appearance of a technology with “enormous potential value for disinformation”.
As might be expected, countermeasures to recognize such deception(欺骗) are being developed.
Nuance Communications, a maker of voice-activated software, is working on algorithms(算法) that detect tiny skips in frequency at the points where slices of speech are stuck together. Adobe, best known as the marker of Photoshop, an image-editing software suite, says that it may add digital watermarks to speech synthesized by a voice-cloning software called VoCo it is developing. Such technology may help computers recognize suspicious speech. Even so, it is easy to imagine the chaos that might be created in a world which makes it easy to put authentic-sounding words into the mouths of opponents — be they colleagues or heads of state.
35. Paragraphs 1 and 2 are mainly about .
A. significant elements influencing voice cloning
B. possible applications of voice cloning in reality
C. complexities of creating a synthetic copy of a voice
D. differences between traditional and existing voice banking
36. What’s Hasbro’s attitude towards Vivo Test’s new app?
A. Optimistic. B. Conservative.
C. Unconcerned. D. Subjective.
37. The experiment carried out by Dr. Saxena and his colleagues shows that volunteers .
A. identified cloned speech in about 45 seconds
B. preferred a real speech to a voice sample
C. proved only a little harder to fool than software
D. found it hard to use the software to record their voices
38. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Investments should be increased to advance voice cloning.
B. Long-term measures should be taken to popularize the idea of voice cloning.
C. Disagreements among firms about the way to treat voice cloning are getting serious.
D. Problems of voice cloning are unavoidable despite the efforts that have been made.
C
Movie fans know that their action hero Superman does not really fly. And, in the movie Superman Returns, another visual trick is played on viewers. The man they see flying is not real. He is what is called a virtual actor. The first step in creating this digital actor is to have a real person stand in a room called a light stage. A computer then captures the outlines and shapes of his face and records how they throw off light. Paul Debevec is with the Institute for Creative Technologies at the University of Southern California.
“We can light them with very specially computer-controlled illumination(照明)and take photos of them from seven different viewpoints with high quality digital still cameras. ”
Mr. Debevec is part of a team working to create computerized images of people, objects and environments that look and act real. The light stage permits actors to be turned into digital versions of themselves much like the blue creatures in the movie Avatar. The real world could soon be using a similar technology. Computer experts at the Institute are developing a 3-D video teleconferencing system. It would send a video image of a person into a meeting room. That image would be able to work with the people in the room, who would see it in 3-D without special eyeglasses. Paul Debevec says, “The person who is being transmitted to a remote location can actually look around at the people in the room and everybody in that room knows who they’re looking at. And that’s such a fundamental part of human communication.”
He believes the business world will begin to use 3-D video teleconferencing in the next five years. “It’s also a medium with which young people today are particularly comfortable,” he said. A demonstration of an interaction between an earthquake survivor and students may be possible in a year. In 10 years, we may be able to play 3-D video games without special glasses.
39．Why does the author mention the movies Superman Returns and Avatar in the passage?
A．To compare their different styles．
B．To explain 3-D film-making technology．
C．To attract more readers to watch 3-D film．
D．To describe the origin of 3-D film industry．
40．Which of the following shows how a virtual actor is made?
a．a real actor steps inside a light stage．
b．an actor is created into digital version．
c．photos are taken from different aspects．
d．how the actor’s face reflects the light is recorded．
e．a computer makes sure how the actor’s face is filmed．
A．a→e→d→c→b B．a→c→e→d→b
C．a→e→c→d→b D．e→d→c→a→b
41．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．3-D goes from movies to real world．
B．3-D film becomes popular worldwide．
C．3-D teleconferencing system comes into being．
D．3-D games without special glasses becomes true．
D
Is It Worth Buying Organic Food?
Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels (商标). However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious and safer product, you might want to save your money. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren't necessarily more nutritious, and they're no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either.
The latest results, published in the Annuals of Internal Medicine, suggest that buyers may be wasting their money. "We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier," says Dr. Crystal Smith-Spangler from Stanford. "So consumers shouldn't assume that one type of food has a lower risk or is safer."
For their new study, Smith-Spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories of research, including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats.
While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards. And both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends.
Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesn't always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. The U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) states that "whether you buy organic or not, finding the freshest foods available
may have the biggest effect on taste." Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic.
42. The new research questions whether organic food __________.
A. should replace traditional food B. has been overpriced by farmers
C. is grown with less harmful chemicals D. is really more nutritious and healthier
43. Smith-Spangler and her colleagues found that __________.
A. organic food could reduce the risk of heart disease
B. traditional food was grown with more natural methods
C. both organic and traditional food they examined were safe
D. there was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food
44. Which of the following is relatively healthier according to the passage?
A. Organic chicken and pork. B. Organic milk and chicken.
C. Traditional chicken and pork. D. Traditional fruit and vegetables.
45. What is the author's attitude toward organic food?
A. Skeptical. B. Neutral. C. Unconcerned. D. Approving.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Today’s students are surrounded by information. The ability to figure out exactly why authors write—and not accept every opinion as fact—is a key skill. 46 The following strategies teach them how to figure out why authors really write.
Start with why. “Why did the author write this piece?” is the key question asked to identify author’s purpose. To help students expand their understanding of “why,” post various types of nonfiction (an
advertisement, opinion article, news article, etc.) around your classroom and have students quickly identify a purpose for each. 47
Talk about structure.Authors use different structuresfor different purposes. For example, one author may use time order to explain an event, while another author uses compare and contrast to put that event into context.
48 Often when authors write, they’re trying to get readers to feel a certain way. Perhaps the author of an article about whale conservation wants readers to feel sad about the difficult situation of whales.Or the author of a letter may want to make the recipient feel better about a situation.After students read a text, stop and ask: How do you feel? And how did the author get you to feel this way?
Connect it to students’ own writing.It doesn’t have to be said that writing and reading go hand in hand. 49 When students are asked to write about a topic that they think everyone should know about, to explain a procedure or to share a personal memory, they’ll become more conscious of how authors approach writing.
Observe how purpose changes within a text. Author’s purpose is often studied through the text as a whole, but authors have different reasons for writing within texts as well. 50 Then, they may launch into a list of facts that make the reader feel discouraged about the situation. And finally, they may conclude with an appeal. Take a short article and break it apart, identifying the different purposes so that students see how author’s purpose changes as they read.
A. Get to the heart.
B. Identify the topic.
C. The readers may get more advanced in their work with informational text.
D. For example, an author may include a funny anecdote (轶事) to draw the reader in.
E. In particular, they'll need to figure out author’s purpose and draw their own conclusions.
F. Expand students' awareness of why people write by having them write for different purposes.
G. Or keep a running Author's Purpose board with a list of the various reasons that authors write.
第三部分书面表达（共两节35分）
第一节（15分）
假如你叫李华,寒假期间你去英国伦敦旅游,你的英国朋友Philip热情地帮助了你。回国后,你打算用英语给他发一封e-mail表示感谢,并邀请他暑假时来天津旅游。
要点:
1.伦敦的泰晤士(the Thames)和大本钟(Big Ben)等景点给你留下了深刻印象,希望再次访问伦敦;
2.天津历史悠久,有著明的独乐寺(Dule Temple)、黄崖关长城(the Great Wall in County Ji )、石家大院(Shi Mantions)等众多名胜古迹;
3.天津有很多美食,欢迎来品尝。
注意:
1.短文内容应包含以上全部信息,可适当补充以使行文连贯。
2.词数不少于100。开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Philip,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I look forward to seeing you in Tianjin.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华。你班同学参加了学校的“地球日”系列活动。请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序,以“Actions for a Greener Earth”为题,给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件,介绍活动的全过程。
注意:词数不少于100。
提示词:地球日Earth Day
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
北京大学附属中学2019届高考仿真模拟卷（六）
高 三 英 语 答 案
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
1．to 2．had given 3．vegetables 4．Decorated 5．started
6．which 7．were designed 8．the 9．to find 10．oldest
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
11．B 12．D 13．D 14．C 15．A
16．C 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．A
21．C 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．D
26．B 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．C
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
31．C 32．D 33．A 34．A 35．D
36．B 37．C 38．D 39．B 40．A
41．A 42．D 43．C 44．B 45．A
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
46．E 47．G 48．A 49．F 50．D
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节 （15分）
Dear Allen,
Thank you very much for your help while I was in London during my winter vacation. I had a good time there and I was impressed with the famous sights of London, like the Thames River and Big Ben. The Thames River was very beautiful and Big Ben was bigger than I had imagined. I was very excited to see them and I hope to visit London again.
In turn, I'd like to invite you to come to visit Tianjin some day. Tianjin is also a beautiful city with a long history. It's full of places of interest, such as the Dule Temple, the Great Wall in County Ji, Shi Mantions and so on. When you come, I will show you around. I believe you will have a good time here.
I look forward to seeing you in Tianjin.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（20分）
Actions for a Greener Earth
A week before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth.
Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials. We brought to our classroom worn-out clothes, pieces of cardboard and empty plastic bottles and turned those into dolls, handbags, tissue boxes and small vases. That weekend, we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave them away to the people there. All were very happy with those unexpected gifts, especially little kids and elderly people. We did so well that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.
We are very proud of ourselves and believe we can do more for a better world.
解析： 题目要求按照四幅图的先后顺序,以“Actions for a Greener Earth”为题,给校刊“英语角:写一篇英文稿件,介绍活动的全过程。词数不少于60词,参考词汇必须使用。使用一般过去时和第一人称进行。亮点说明:范文使用了非谓语动词calling upon us to join in the actions和so...that句型与宾语从句we can do more for a better world等,句式多样;还使用了固定词组call sb to do sth, join in, come up with. Make use of, turn...into, give away, be proud of等,使作文内容变得丰富。
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