Unit 3 Our Hobbies
词汇精讲精练
词汇精讲
1. hobby
hobby作名词，意为“兴趣；爱好”。例如：
His hobby is fishing.
他的爱好是钓鱼。
One of my hobbies is painting.
我的业余爱好之一是画画。
【拓展】
其他表达喜好的句型：
enjoy sth./doing sth.
be keen on sth./doing sth.
be into sth./doing sth.
feel like sth./doing sth.
be fond of sth./doing sth.
be crazy about sth./doing sth.
be inserested in sth./doing sth.
2. collect
collect作及物动词，意为“收集，搜集”。例如：
collect stamps 收集邮票 collect coins 收集硬币
【拓展】
（1）collection作名词，意为“收藏品、收集物”。是动词collect 的名词形式，是由动词collect加后缀－tion变化来的。
These are my collections. 这些是我的收藏品。
My brother has a very good collection of stamps. 我的弟弟收集了许多邮票。
（2）collector 作名词，意为“收藏家”。例如：
Mark is a famous stamp collector. Mark是一位著名的邮票收藏家。
3. cut
（1）cut作动词，意为“切；割；剪；削减”。过去式及过去分词形式与原形相同，也是cut。例如：
This knife is not sharp enough to cut the steak.
这把刀子不够利，无法切牛排。
Don’t cut your finger on the broken glass.
别让碎玻璃割伤你的手。
Face round, please, so that I can cut your hair at the back.
转一下头，好让我可以剪你后面的头发。
Please cut out the expense in order to save the money.
为了节省钱，请削减开支。
（2）cut作名词，意为“切口；式样；剪辑”。例如：
His cheek was badly scarred by a knife cut.
他的面颊上留有严重的刀疤。
I don’t like the cut of his new suit.
我不喜欢他那套新衣服的式样。
Before this play is broadcast several cuts must be made.
这个剧目播出前必须经过数次剪辑。
4. lend
lend作及物动词，意为“借给，借出”，表示“自己”借给“他人”。常用结构有：lend sb. sth.或lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物。例如：
Can you lend me your ruler? = Can you lend your ruler to me? 把你的尺子借给我好吗？
【辨析】
lend
借出，借给
表示把东西借给他人
常用搭配：lend sb. sth.或lend sth. to sb.
borrow
借入，借来
表示从他人那借来
常用搭配：borrow sth. from sb.
例如：
She borrows an English dictionary from her classmate and lends a pen to her friend.
她向同学借了一本字典，并把一支钢笔借给了朋友。
5. wonder
（1）wonder作名词，意为“惊奇；奇迹”。例如：
They were filled with wonder at the new waterfall.
他们对新瀑布感到非常惊奇。
Colour television is really a wonder.
彩色电视真是一个奇迹。
（2）wonder作动词，意为“惊奇；想知道；怀疑”。例如：
I shouldn’t wonder if he wins the prize.
如果他获奖，我不会感到惊奇。
I wonder if this picture can be restored.
我很想知道这幅画能否修复。
I wonder if you have so much time to do so much work.
我怀疑你是否有那么多时间去做那么多工作。
6. understand
understand作动词，意为“懂得；明白；理解；认识到；听说；获悉”，understood是其过去式及过去分词形式。例如：
He is trying his best to understand his meaning.
他正在尽力弄明白他的意思。
I don’t understand what you’re talking about.
我不明白你在说什么。
If you can’t do it, I will understand.
如果你不会做这件事的话，我可以理解。
I don’t fully understand his reasons for leaving.
我不完全理解他离开的理由。
You must understand the gravity of the situation.
你必须认识到局势的严重性。
I understand that you will be moving here soon.
我听说你就要搬到这儿来住了。
7. agree
agree作不及物动词，意为“同意”，I agree意为“同意，赞成”，I don’t agree表示“不赞成某人或某人的观点”，常用于交际用语中。另外，agree后接不定式，但不能接动名词。例如：
She agreed to lend me the book. 她同意把那本书借给我。
I agree to meet him tomorrow. 我同意明天见他。
【拓展】
agree with和agree to(to为介词)都表示“同意，赞同”，但后面所接的宾语不同。agree with后接指人或表示意见、看法的词；agree to后接表示建议、计划、安排之类的词。例如：
I quite agree with you. 我很同意你（的意见）。
Do you agree with what I have said? 你同意我所说的话吗？
He has agreed to our suggestion about the holiday. 他已经同意我们度假的建议了。
8. useful
useful作形容词，意为“有用的；有益的”。例如：
The dictionary is very useful.
字典是很有用的。
【拓展】
useful是由动词use后缀“-ful”构成的形容词。动词后缀“-ful”变成形容词，是一种常见的构词法，类似的这样的词还有很多。例如：care→ careful；help→ helpful。
9. beat
beat作及物动词，有以下用法：
（1）意为“赢；打败；战胜”，后接人或某一团队、组织等，其过去式为beat。例如：
I beat him at long jump yesterday. 昨天跳远我赢了他。
（2）意为“打；击”，表示连续不断的打击。例如：
Who is beating the drum? 谁在打鼓？
（3）表示“（心脏）等跳动”。例如：
I feel my heart is beating fast. 我觉得我的心脏在剧烈跳动。
【拓展】
beat和win都有“赢”的意思，但用法不同：
beat的宾语为人或相当于人的团体、组织；而win的宾语为比赛或某个项目，过去式为won。例如：
Though we were weak, we beat them. 虽然我们弱，但我们赢了他们。
Who win the first prize in the competition? 谁在比赛中赢得了一等奖？
10. disappear
disappear 作动词，意为“消失，消散”。其反义词是appear, 意为“出现”。例如：
Don’t disappear again. 不要再消失了。
Some animals are disappearing because of hunting.
一些动物因滥捕而濒临灭绝。
A woman appeared at the end of the street.
一位妇女出现在街道的尽头。
【拓展】
dis-主要用在动词之前或名词和形容词前，表示相反意义。例如：
dislike不喜欢；discover发现；disobey不遵守；disbelieve不相信；
disadvantage不利条件；dishonest不诚实的
11. wake与awake
（1）wake意为“醒；叫醒”，它可以用作不及物动词或及物动词，常与副词up连用。
例如：What time do you usually wake (up)?
你通常在什么时候醒来？
Wake up! It's eight o’clock. 醒醒吧！已经八点钟了。
（2）awake作动词，表示“醒；弄醒”的意思时，比wake稍微正式些，不如wake常用。它也可以用作形容词，作表语，意思是“醒着的”。例如：
Don’t worry! I shall awake him on time.
不用担心!到时我会叫醒他的。
Is he awake or asleep? 他醒着还是睡着？
【拓展】
相关词组：awake to (sth. ) 对某事物醒悟；觉悟；觉察到。例如：
Are you awake to the danger you are in?
你意识到你自己所处的危险了吗？
12. but与however
but和however都可表示语义上的转折，但用法上有区别：
（1）从语义上看，but所表示的是非常明显的对比，转折的意味比however强。
（2）从语法上看，but是个并列连词，而however却是个副词。
（3）从语序上看，but总是位于它所引出的分句之首，而however却可位于分句之首、之中或之尾，但在翻译成汉语时，一定要把它放在分句之首。
（4）从标点上看，but之后一般不得使用逗号，但however位于分句之首时，通常用逗号；位于分句之中时，通常在其前、后各加一个逗号；位于分句之尾时，则必须在其前加逗号。
例如：
We love peace, but we are not afraid of war.
我们热爱和平，但是我们并不害怕战争。
He hasn’t arrived. He may, however, come later.
他还没有到，不过，他可能过一会儿来。
You can phone the doctor. However, I doubt whether he will come out on a Saturday night.
你可以给医生打电话。不过，我怀疑他是否会在周六晚上出诊。
He said that it was so. He was mistaken, however.
他说事情是这样的，然而他错了。
词汇精练
I. 根据汉语或首字母提示补全句子。
1. He often goes swimming during summer v_______.
2. My favorite pet is a cat. Because it’s funny and l_______.
3. Chatting on the Internet can bring us happiness and f_______.
4. —Who taught you to swim?
—N_______. I taught myself.
5. Look at the young man with light hair. He is so h_______.
6. The children can learn a lot of _______ (知识) on TV.
7. Which do you prefer, reading or _______ (绘画)?
8. I think pigs are really very _______ (愚蠢的).
9. His face looks very black and _______ (丑陋的), but his heart is very kind and beautiful.
10.—The movie is wonderful.
—I a_______ with you.
II. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空（每空不限一词）。
1. “Jim paints well” means he is a good _______(paint).
2. —What’s your hobby?
—I like _______(collect) coins very much.
3. He was taking a _______ (show) at this time last night.
4. I _______ to work in a car factory.
5. Hobbies help people relax after their _______ (day) work.
6. I really enjoy the music. It sounds so _______(pleased).
7. I felt very _______(sadly), because he hurt my dog.
8. Here’s some _______(use) information about travel in Canada.
9.—Do you wash _______(dish) at home?
—Yes, but not often.
10. The teacher told us a funny story. All the students _______(laugh) happily.
III. 根据短文内容及首字母提示在空白处填上适当的单词，使短文意思完整。
Li Ming is m___1___ good friend. He has many h___2___. He used to be a movie fan. He went to the movie t___3___ at least twice a week. Sometimes he rented VCDs and w___4___ them at home. His f___5___ movie star was Jiang Wen.
Now Li Ming is interested in c___6___ stamps. He thinks it’s great f___7___. He can learn a lot about people, places, history and many other things f___8___ stamps. Some old stamps are very v___9___.
Last Friday was Li Ming’s b___10___. He got many stamps from his friends. Li Ming was very happy.
【参考答案】
I. 根据汉语或首字母提示完成下列句子。
1. vacations 2. lovely 3. friendship 4. Nobody 5. handsome
6. knowledge 7. painting/drawing 8. stupid 9. ugly 10. agree
II. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空（每空不限一词）。
1. painter 2. collecting 3. shower 4. used 5. daily
6. pleasant 7. sad 8. useful 9. dishes 10. laughed
III. 根据短文内容及首字母提示在空白处填上适当的单词，使短文意思完整。
1. my 2. hobbies 3. theater 4. watched 5. favorite 6. collecting 7. fun 8. from 9. valuable 10. birthday
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