Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?
词句精讲精练
【词汇精讲】
1. everyday; every day
（1）everyday作形容词，意为“每天的，日常的，平日的”。仅用在名词之前做定语，不能单独使用。例如：
everyday life 日常生活everyday English 日常英语
everyday activities日常活动everyday clothes 平日里穿的服装
（2）every day 是副词短语，意为“每天”，相当于each day, 通常用作句子的时间状语从句。例如：
We should eat vegetables and fruits every day.
我们应该每天都吃蔬菜和水果。
My parents ask me to go to bed before 11:00 every day.
我的父母要求我每天11：00之前睡觉。
2. fair
（1）fair作形容词，意为“公平的，合理的”。
There must be fair play whatever the competition is.
不管是什么样的竞赛都必须公平合理。
（2）fair作形容词，意为“自然的,理所当然的”。
It’s fair enough to ask your close friends to help.
向你的好朋友求助,这是很自然的/理所当然的。
（3）fair作形容词，还意为“相当大（多、远）的”。
They’ve made a fair amount of money.
他们赚了相当大的一笔钱。
（4）fair作形容词，也意为“（肤色）浅的，（头发）金色的”。
Her daughter has big eyes and fair hair.
她的女儿长着大大的眼睛，金色的头发。
【拓展】
fair作名词，意为“(定期)集市、庙会；商品展览会、博览会”。
He brought his piglets to the fair.
他把小猪带到集市去卖。
A book fair is to be held next month.
下个月将举行书展。
3. avoid
（1）从意思上看，可表示“避开”或“躲避”(keep oneself from)某人或某物；也可表示“防止”(prevent)某事的发生。例如：
Try to avoid accidents.
尽量防止发生事故。
I avoided him as much as possible.
我尽量避开他。
You should avoid such mistakes.
你应当避免这样的错误。
（2）从用法上看，其后可接名词或代词作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但是不能接不定式作宾语。
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例如：
他避而不答我的问题。
正：He avoided answering my questions.
误：He avoided to answer my questions.
要想不受影响是不可能的。
正：It was impossible to avoid being affected.
误：It was impossible to avoid to be affected
4. be famous for
（1）be famous for表示人以某种知识技能，作品或特征而出名；表示某地以某种特产或特征出名；或表示某事以其内容、特征、价值等而被人所知。例如：
He is famous for his skill in playing football.
他因球艺而出名。
The area is famous for its green tea.
这个地区以产绿茶而著称。
【拓展】
be famous as 表示“以……而出名”的意思，或确切地说是“作为……而出名”的意思，主要是表示人以某种身份或职业而出名，或表示某地方作为什么产地或地方而出名，或表示某事物以某种形式而出名。例如：
Mark Twin was famous as a children-storywriter.
马克·吐温作为儿童故事作家而著称。
This book is famous as a reference book.
这本书作为参考书而出名。
5. produce; product; production
（1）produce 作动词，表示“生产，制造，出产”的意思；例如：
Tea is produced in many different areas in China.
中国很多地方都出产茶叶。
produce作名词，主要指农产品，是一个不可数的集合名词。例如：
the agricultural produce农产品
the native produce土特产品
We need some fresh produce. 我们需要一些新鲜的农产品。
（2）product 主要指工业产品，也可指农产品，是可数名词。例如：
farm product农产品
Petrol is the most important product of many Middle-East countries.
石油是许多中东国家最重要的产品。
【注意】有时用于引申义。例如：
He saw man as the product of society. 他把人看作是社会的产物。
（3）production 通常不表示具体的产品，它主要指生产这一动作或过程，制作，摄制（电影、戏剧等）,是不可数名词；例如：
The company is famous for the production of small cars.
这家公司以生产小型汽车闻名。
【注意】production 除表示“生产”外，还可指艺术作品，此时为可数名词。例如：
The theme of his late productions was life and death.
他晚期作品的主题是生与死。
production 还可以表示产量，是不可数名词。
the production of wheat小麦生产产量
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The production has increased.
产量已增加。
6. be good for
be good for意为“对……有好处，对……有益处”，介词for后接名词或代词。其反义词为be bad for，意为“对……有害处”。例如：
Junk food is not good for our health. 垃圾食品对我们的健康没有好处。
Smoking is bad for you. 吸烟对你有害。
【拓展】
（1） be good to“对……好”，其反义短语为be bad to“对……不好”。介词to之后一般接表示人的名词或代词。例如：
She is very good to us. 她对我们很好。
The boss is bad to his workers.那个老板对他的工人不好。
（2） be good at“在……方面擅长”，介词at后面常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，同义短语为do well in。例如：
She is good at English and Chinese. = She does well in English and Chinese.
她擅长英语和汉语。
（3）be good with“和……相处得好；擅于和……相处”。例如：
Are you good with children?你和孩子们相处得好吗？
7. turn… into ….
（1） turn … into…表示“把……变成…… ; 使……变成……”。例如：
Can you turn this piece of paper into a flower?
你能够把这张纸变成一朵花吗？
Please tell me how to turn the water into ice.
请告诉我怎么把水变成冰。
【拓展】
turn into表示“转变；变成；成为”。例如：
We think he’ll turn into a top-class player.
我们认为他会成为一流的选手。
I think I have got to stop or I might turn into a machine.
我想我得停下来了，否则我就会变成一台机器。
8.special
（1）special作形容词，意为“特殊的，特别的，专门的(反义词：ordinary)”，强调事物特有的性质、性格或专门的目的、用途。
You must have special permission to enter this room．
你必须得到特许才能进这个房间。
（2）especial 作形容词，意为“特别的，主要的，突出的(反义词：common)”，强调的是重要性，有“尤其、特别”之意。
He solved the problem of especial importance．
他解决了非常重要的问题。
9.both… and …
（1）both...and...意为“……和……都……”; “不仅……而且……”，连接两个并列的词或短语，不能用来连接句子。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，不受“就近原则”的限制。例如：
Both Li Ming and Wei Hua are good at English.
【拓展】
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both...and...相对应的连词结构式neither…nor…表示“既不……也不……”。作主语时，谓语动词受“就近原则”的限制。例如：
Neither you nor I am a student.
你和我都不是学生。
【词汇精练】
I. 根据汉语提示补全句子。
1.Is it made of _______(棉花)，silk or wool?
2.They built a wall to_______(避免) soil being washed away .
3.I’m pleased with your ______ (产品).
4. The Internet has become part of ______(每天的) life?
5.That is a great ______(国际的)question of the day.
6.As soon as I _______(完成)my training, I am going to be teacher.
7.Both Beijing and Shanghai have _______(交通) problems.
8.Mary told us a very _______(生动的)story about her vacation.
II. 词语辨析, 选择恰当单词填空。
be famous for，be famous as
1. Chinathe Great Wall.
2. LuXun a writer.
produce,product, production
3. Theof computers has increased double in the last few weeks.
4. The farmers brought theirto town early each Saturday morning.
5. The company sells plastic.
6. This new theatre is becoming known for its good.
everyday, every day,
7. I get to the bus stop at seven .
8. The activities in our school are colorful.
be made of，be made from
9. This chair bamboo.
10. Wine grapes.
III. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。
1. Wheat is planted (wide) in north of China.
2. The opera (produce) in 1970.
3. He sent his daughter to a school in (German).
4. The panda likes eating bamboo(leaf).
5. Orange trees (plant) on these hills.
IV. 从方框中选择恰当短语并用其适当形式填空。
rise into , send out, turn into, be famous for, such as,
be good for, by hand, even though
1. I know many classmates, ________ Betty, Tom and Peter.
2. Beijing ______ the Great Wall.
3. You can ________ a message for help on the Internet.
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4. Suddenly a women’s shrill voice ________the sky.
5. When spring comes, the snowman will________ water.
6. _________it’s very cold, Mary keeps doing sports every day.
7. Fruits and vegetables _______ our health.
8. These beautiful flowers are made ______ from a very special kind of paper.
【参考答案】
I. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. cotton 2.avoid 3.product 4. everyday
5. international 6. complete 7.traffic 8.lively
II. 词语辨析, 选择恰当单词填空。
1. is famous for 2.was famous as 3.production 4.produce
5. products 6.productions 7. every day 8. everyday
9.is made of 10.is made from
III. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。
1. widely 2. was produced 3. Germany 4.leaves 5.are planted
IV. 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. such as 2.is famous for 3.sendout 4.roseinto 5.turn into
6. Even though 7.are good for 8. by hand
【句式精讲】
1. What are the shirts made of?
（1）be made of /from意为“由……制成”。前者成品可以看出原材料，后者是成品看不出原材料的。例如：
The chair is made of wood.
椅子是由木头制成的。（能看出原材料）
Paper is made from wood.
纸是由木头制成的。（看不出原材料）
（2）be made up of…相当于consist of…(由……组成)。例如：
Our country is made up of 56 nations.
我们的国家是由56个民族组成的。
（3）be made in 意为“在……(地点)制造”
be made by意为“由某人制作”或“用什么方式制成”。例如：
My mother likes to buy things which are made in China.
我妈妈喜欢买中国产的东西。
This postcard was made by my sister.
这张卡片是我妹妹做的.
2. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.
（1）seem为连系动词，意为“好像，似乎”，后面可跟动词不定式或形容词作表语。例如：
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He seems quite happy.
他好像非常高兴。
His temperature seems to be all right.
他的体温似乎完全正常。
（2）It seems/seemed that…句型中，it为形式主语,that 引导的从句是真正的主语，表示“看来，好像，似乎”。例如：
It seems that they don’t like the idea.
他们似乎不喜欢这个主意。
It seemed that she was lying.
看来她在撒谎。
1. Laura is trying to find out more about …
find out “(经研究或询问)了解到，找出”，后面常和有特殊疑问词（what/when/how/who等）引导的从句连用。例如：
Can you find out what time the plane leaves?
你能查清楚飞机几点钟起飞吗？
【拓展】
find, look for与 find out
（1）find 意为“找到”，强调的是找的结果，通常指偶然发现。例如：
Have you found the bike you lost last week?
你找到上周丢的自行车了吗？
（2）look for意为“寻找”，强调的是找的动作或过程。例如：
Are you still looking for that place?
你还在寻找那个地方吗？
（3）find out指经过观察、调查，把某事、某物查出来、搞清楚、弄明白。例如：
Can you find out what time the meeting starts?
你能查清楚会议什么时候开始吗？
2. That sounds interesting.
sound在本句中做连系动词，后面接名词、形容词或从句构成系表结构，表示“听起来……”。例如：
That sounds boring.
那听起来很无聊。
Your idea sounds a good one.
你的想法听起来很好。
【拓展】
类似的其他常用连系动词：taste 尝起来；touch 摸起来；smell 闻起来；look 看起来; feel 感觉起来。例如：
This cake tastes delicious.
这个蛋糕尝起来很好吃。
This kind of cloth feels soft.
这种布料感觉很柔软。
3. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.
（1）no matter作“无论”、“不管”解，用以引导表示让步的状语从句，常用在下列句型中：句型中的No matter what (who/when etc.)...分别表示“无论何事”、“无论何人”、“无论何时”等，这个从句可以置主句之前，也可以置主句之后。例如：
No matter what you do, you must be very careful.
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不管做什么事，你都必须非常细心。
No matter who you are (=Whoever you are), I’ll never let you in.
无论你是谁，我绝不让你进去。
No matter which…无论哪一个……
No matter which you choose (=Whichever you choose), you will be satisfied.
不论你选择哪一个，你都会满意的。
No matter where…无论何处；不管在哪里……
No matter where I go (=Wherever I go), I will be thinking of you.
无论我到哪里，我都会想着你。
No matter when …无论何时，不管什么时候……
I’ll discuss it with you no matter when you like(=whenever you like).
你什么时候高兴，我愿意同你讨论这件事。
No matter how…不管……如何；无论……多么……
No matter how hard you try(=However hard you try), you will never be successful.
不管你如何努力，你都不会成功的。
【句式精练】
I. 连词成句。
1. our ,building , teaching , school’s , in 2010, was , built
___________________________________________________.
2. when ,trees , often , by , people , planted
__________________________________________________?
3. slippers ,used , are , seeing , battery-operated , for , in the dark
__________________________________________________.
4. what ,in , that , spoken, country, languages, are
___________________________________________________.
5. both, Tom , his mother , like , films , like , watching , and
___________________________________________________?
II. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。
1.The telephone was invented in 1876.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______the telephone _______?
2. The room was cleaned by Tom.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ the room cleaned_______?
3. I think the trees were watered yesterday. (改为否定句)
I _______ think the trees _______ watered yesterday.
4. These knives can be used for cutting.（同义句转换）
These knives can_______ ______ _______ ______.
5.The girl with long hair helped us.(改为被动语态)
We _______ _______ _______ the girl with long hair.
1. Tea, after water, is the most popular drink in the world.(改为同义句)
Tea is _______ _______ _______ popular drink in the world.
2. Mirrors are used for looking at yourself.(对划线部分提问)
_____________ mirrors used ______?
3. You should hand in your homework tomorrow. (改为被动语态)
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Your homework should _______ _______ _______ tomorrow.
III. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。
1．茶是怎么样被生产的?
How ________ tea ________?
2．飞机模型是由什么制造的?
What ________ the model plane ________ ________?
3．我父亲擅长做玩具汽车。
My father is good ________ ________ ________ cars．
4．据中国历史记载，孔明灯是由诸葛孔明首次使用的。
________ ________ Chinese history，sky lanterns ________ first ________ by ZhugeKongming．
5．当灯笼被点燃时，它们像小的热气球一样慢慢地升入空中。
When the lanterns ________ ________, they slowly ________ ________ the air ________ small hot-air balloons．
6．我的家乡以茶叶而闻名。
My hometown is ________ ________ tea.
7．在过去常常独自外出。
He ________ ________ go out alone．
8. 当绿色的树叶变黄时，你可以拍一些美丽的照片。
You can take some beautiful photos when the green leaves ________ ________ yellow．
9．这里所有的东西都是手染的。
All the things here are painted ________ ________．
10. 世界各地还有许多东西是在中国制造的。
There are so many things in all parts of the world ________ ________China．
IV. 综合填空。
阅读短文，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个为多余。
hard, while, learn, come out, father, be, quickly, afraid
Once upon a time, there lived a family of mice in the kitchen. One Saturday morning Father Mouse and his son felt hungry and (1) _______ for food. (2) _______ they were looking for food, they saw a big cat. Baby Mouse was very (3) _______ and climbed onto his (4)_______ back. Father Mouse shouted at the cat. “Woof, woof!” The cat ran away (5) _______. “Wow, dad, you’re great!” said Baby Mouse. “Well, son, that’s why it’s important to (6) _______ a second language.” answered Father Mouse.
【参考答案】
I. 连词成句。
1. Our school’s teaching building was built in 2010 .
2. When are trees often planted by people?
3. Battery-operated slippers are used for seeing in the dark.
4. What languages are spoken in that country?
5.Both Tom and his mother like watching films.
II. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。
1.When was；invented 2. Who was; by 3. don’t; were 4.be used to cut
5. were helped by 6. the second most 7. What are; for 8.be handed in
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III. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。
1. is; produced 2. is; made of 3. at; making model/toy 4. According to; were; used
5.are lit; rise into; like6. famous for 7. used to 8. turn into
9. by hand 10. made in
IV. 综合填空。
1. came out 2. While 3. afraid 4. father’s 5. quickly 6. learn
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