2019小学英语期末复习40个重要知识点汇总
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2019小学英语期末复习40个重要知识点汇总

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时间:2019-07-02

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2019小学英语期末复习40个重要知识点汇总1. 现在进行时表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作,常与now,listen,look等词连用。结构是主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing.如:It is raining now.It is six o’clock now.现在6点了。My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.我父母正在客厅看报纸。Look! The children are having a running race now.看!孩子们正在赛跑。问句将be动词移前,否定句在be动词后+not.2. 一般现在时表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) 等词连用。结构是主语+动词原形;当主语为第三人称单数即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时,动词后加s或es.如:We have an English lesson every day.我们每天都要上英语课。Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.男孩比女孩跑的快吗?是的。问句借助于do, does否定句借助于don’t, doesn’t,后面动词一定要还原。3. 一般过去时表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。结构是主语+be动词的过去式(was; were)或主语+动词的过去式。注意:be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。如:My earphones were on the ground just now.我的耳机刚刚还在呢。Where were you last week? I was at a camp.你上个星期去哪了?我去野营了。What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm.你昨天去干嘛了?我去参观农场了。问句有be动词将be动词移前,没有be动词借助于did,后面动词还原;否定句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。4. 一般将来时表示将要打算发生的事情或动作,常与tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday…), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;…)today等词连用。结构是主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。如:What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.Tom今晚将和父母去看演出。问句将be动词或will移前;否定句在be动词或will后加not.5. 情态动词情态动词can; can’t; should; shouldn’t; must; may后一定加动词原形。如:The girl can’t swim, but he can skate.女孩不会游泳,但是会滑冰。Don’t talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.不要在课上说话,你应该认真听老师讲。6. 祈使句肯定祈使句以动词原形开头;否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头。如:Open the box for me ,please.请为我打开盒子。Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.刘涛,明天请早点起床!Don’t walk on the grass!不要在草地上走!Helen! Don’t climb the tree,please.海伦!不要爬树。7. go的用法去干嘛用go +动词ing如: go swimming; go fishing;go skating;go camping;go running;go skiing;go rowing…8.比较问题than 前用比较级;as…as之间用原级。如:My mother is two years younger than my father.我妈比我爸年轻两岁。Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.刘涛跳得和本一样远。9. 喜欢做某事用like +动词ing或like+ to + 动原。如:Su Yang likes growing flowers.苏阳喜欢种花。The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。10. 想要做某事用 would like +to+动原或want + to +动原。例:I’d like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum我想去参观历史博物馆。11. some用法some用于肯定句中,在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用some.如:Can I have some writing paper?我可以拿一些书写纸吗?Would you like some orange juice?你想来一些橙汁吗?12.代词人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前,主格分别是 I you he she it we you they。宾格做宾语用,一般放在动词或介词后。如:Open them for me. Let us …, join me等。宾格分别是me you him her it us you them。形容词性物主代词放在名词前,不能单独使用,分别是my your his her its our your their;名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词,它只能单独使用后面不好加名词,分别是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。13. 介词介词后要么不加动词,加动词只能加动词ing形式如:be good at running;do well in jumping;14. 时间介词季节前,月份前用介词in;如:in summer;in March具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日用介词on;如:on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning在几点钟前用介词at;如:at a quarter to four;只在上下午晚上用in;如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;但在夜间用at night。另:季节,月份和星期前不好加the.15. 名词复数构成的方法规则的有:(1)直接在名词后加s如orange—oranges; photo—photos;(2) 以x, s, sh, ch结尾的加es如:box—boxes; glass—glasses; waitress—waitresses; watch—watches;peach--peaches(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es如:study—studies;library—libraries; hobby—hobbies; family—families;(4)以f, fe结尾的改f, fe 为v+es如:knife—knives; thief—thieves(注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es, mango—mangoes其余加s,)不规则的有:man—men; woman—women; people—people; child—children16. 动词第三人称单数的构成(1)直接在动词后加s如:run—runs; dance—dances(2)以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es如:do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es如:study—studies; carry—carries;17. 现在分词的构成(1)直接在动词后加ing如:sing—singing; ski—skiing;(2)双写词尾加ing如:swim—swimming; jog—jogging;run—running;(3)以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing如:ride—riding; dance—dancing; make—making;18. 动词过去式的构成规则的有:(1)直接在动词后加ed如:clean—cleaned; milk—milked; play—played;(2)以e结尾的直接加d如:dance—danced; taste—tasted;(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed如:study—studied;carry—carried;(4)双写词尾加ed如:stop—stopped; jog—jogged;不规则的有:am,is—was; are—were; do,does—did; have,has—had; go—went; meet—met; sit—sat; see—saw; get—got; tell—told; run—ran; come—came; steal—stole; read—read;19.形容词副词比较级的构成规则的有:(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er如;small—smaller; low—lower;(2)以e结尾的加r如:late—larer;(3)双写词尾加er如:big—bigger; thin—thinner; fat—fatter;(4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er如:heavy—heavier; early—earlier;不规则的有:good, well—better(最高级为best); many, much—more(最高级为most); far—farther或further(最高级farthest或furthest);20.rain与snow的用法(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。(2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是:动词原形rain;snow;第三人称单数rains ;snows;现在分词raining; snowing;过去式rained;snowed;如:①Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天经常下雨。③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。(3)形容词为rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的如:It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。If it is rainy tomorrow, I’ll stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我将呆在家里。21. 比较级注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。如:My eyes are bigger than hers.我的眼睛比她大。Your school bag is heavier than mine.你的书包比我的重。My computer is nicer than Nancy’s.我的电脑好于nancy的电脑。My brother is stronger than me.我的哥哥比我强壮。22.have, has用法表示某人有(has用于第三人称单数);There is/ are;There was/ were 表示某地存在有注意There be 句型的就近原则单数或不可数用there is /was;复数用there are/ were.23. 本身就是复数的词眼镜glasses; 耳机earphones; 鞋shoes;裤子trousers等词本身是复数。如:My glasses were on the chair just now.我的眼镜现在在椅子上。但如果表示这双,这副,一双的时候用单数如:There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate.盘里有一双筷子。This pair of earphones is for you.这一副耳机是送给你的。24. 五个元音字母分别是A, E, I, O, U;25.一个的用法a用于辅音前不是辅音字母前;an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。如:There is an ’s’, a ‘t’, a ‘u’, a ‘d’ ,an ‘e’, an ‘n’,and a ‘t’ in the word ‘student’.26. 时间表示法(1)直接读时钟和分钟。如6:10读成 six ten; 7:30读成seven thirty; 8:45读成eight forty-five;(2)用to与past表示。在半小时包括半小时以内用几分past几点。如:6:10读成ten past six; 7:30读成half past seven;过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分;如7:45读成a quarter to eight; 9:50读成ten to ten;27. 基数词变序数词的方法基变序有规律,结尾加上th;一二三特殊例,结尾字母t、d(即first, second, third);八去t, 九去e, ve要用f替(即eigh—eighth; nine—ninth; five-- fifth ;twelve—twelfth);ty改y为ie后加th别忘记(即整十数如twenty—twentieth;forty—fortieth);几十几十位为基个位为序(如第二十一为twenty-first)。另外强调序数词前一定要加the。28. 日期的表示法用the+序数词+ of +月如:三月三日 the third of March;12月25日 the 25th of December.29.both表示两者都如:My parents are both teachers.我的父母都是老师。all表示三者以上都如:The students are all very excited.学生们都很兴奋。30. 节日的表示法有day的节日前用on.没有day的节日前用at;如:at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Year; on New Year’s Day.31.激动兴奋的excited表示激动的,兴奋地主语是人;exciting表示令人激动的,令人兴奋的主语是事情;如:The running race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.赛跑非常令人激动,因此所有的学生都很激动。32. 比较两者比较用比较级,三者以上比较用最高级。如:Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does谁跑得更快,男孩还是女孩?男孩。Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.你最喜欢哪个季节?我最喜欢秋天。Which season do you like better, summer or winter? I like winter better.你更喜欢哪个季节,夏天还是冬天?我更喜欢冬天。33. 动词还原的用法前面用了do, does did, don’t, doesn’t didn’t后面动词要还原。如:Did she watch TV last night?她昨晚看电视了吗?Helen doesn’t like taking photos.Helen不喜欢拍照。34. 到了到达用get to,但注意到家,到这儿,到那儿不可以加to。如:get home; get here; get there,另外go home; come here; go there也一样。35. 长着和穿着长着什么用with;如:the girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩;穿着什么用in;如:the man in black穿黑衣服的男人或:the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的妇女36. 让某人做某事用let sb后加动词原形;如:Let’s water the flowers together.我们一起来浇花吧。是该做…的时候了用It’s time for+名词或It’s time to +动原;帮助某人做某事是help sb with sth;如:帮我学英语是 help me with my English37. 东西在树上外来的东西在树上用in the tree;如:the bird in the tree 树上有一只鸟树上长的用on the tree;如:the apples on the tree 树上长着苹果38. 运动和乐器球类之前不加the;乐器之前必须加the如:play the piano; play football39. 一周中的第一天是Sunday; 一年中的第一个月是January。40.get后加比较级表示变得更怎么样

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