人教版中考英语第二轮复习基础语法非谓语动词完美

英语※1.基础语法(十)非谓语动词 1．Ourteacheroftenadvisesus____thehabitofmakingnoteswhilereading.(2016，苏州)A．todevelopB．developC．todevelopingD．developing2．(导学号：05472126)Alotofpeopledanceonthesquare____afterdinner.(2016，长春)A．tokeephealthyB．kepthealthyC．keepshealthyD．keephealthy3．—Whatdoesthesignmean?—Ittellsus____inpublic.(2016，咸宁)A．didn'tsmokeB．don'tsmokeC．nottosmokeD．notsmokeAAC 4．MountXiaoleiisnotfarawayfromhere，butitwillstilltakeusafewhours____therebybike.(2016，黄石)A．gettingB．togetC．gotD．get5．She'snotstrongenough____walkingupmountains.(2015，杭州)A．togoB．goingC．goD．went6．—Simon，Ihearyouaregoingabroadforfurtherstudy.Haveyoudecided____？—NextSeptember.(2016，南通)A．whengoingB．whentogoC．howgoingD．howtogo7．Wehaveworkedsolong.Shallwestop____arest？(2016，青岛)A．haveB．tohavingC．havingD．tohaveBADB 特殊清单1．不定式作宾语(1)一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：wouldlike，like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。如：Wouldyouliketoseeafilmthisevening？你今晚想去看一场电影吗？(2)在find，think后面接不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。如：IfinditeasytoreadEnglisheveryday.我发现每天读英语很容易。 2．不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。tell，ask，want，allow，get，wouldlike，encourage后面常接动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：MymotherencouragesmetolearnJapanese.我母亲鼓励我学日语。【注意】还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、一帮(help)、二听(hear，listento)、三让(let，make，have)、四看(lookat，see，watch，notice)。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。 3．不定式作定语(1)不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。(2)如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。如：Thereisnothingtoworryabout.没有什么可担心的。(3)特殊结构的不定式有：too…to…太……而不能……；forsbtodosth对于……说做……；ofsbtodosth.对于……来说做……；(4)不定式短语结构为“特殊疑问词＋不定式”，在句中可作主语，宾语或表语。如：Howtosolvethepollutionisabigchallenge.怎样治理污染是个大挑战。Idon'tknowhowtodoit.我不知道怎么做。 8．—Dad，I'mreallytiredandhungry.(2015，黄石)—Whynotstop____andeatsomecookies?A．todoyourhomeworkB．doyourhomeworkC．doingyourhomeworkD．didyourhomework9．—HaveyoureadthebookJaneEyre?—Yes.It'safamousbookandreallyworth____．A．toreadB．readingC．tobereadD．read10．—Hello！Mum.Longtimenosee!—Hello！Mary.Areyoubusythesedays？I'mlookingforward____yourphone.(2016，荆门)A．toanswerB．answeringC．toansweringD．answerCBC 11．—Chinaisgettingbetterandbetteratmakinghightechnologyproducts.—That'sright.Peoplearoundtheworldcanhardlyavoid____productsmadeinChina.(2015，黄冈)A．notbuyingB．buyingC．nottobuyD．tobuy12．—Therearesomeboys____basketballoverthere.—Let'sgoandjointhem.(2016，恩施)A．areplayingB．toplayC．playing13．(导学号：05472127)____vegetablejuiceisagoodhabit，whichhelpsyoueatabalanceddiet.A．DrinkB．DrankC．DrunkD．DrinkingBCD 14．MyoldneighborCharlesenjoys____photos.Healwaysgoesoutwithhiscamera.A．takeB．totakeC．takingD．took15．Isawsomeboystudents____basketballwhenIpassedtheplayground.A．playingB．playsC．playedD．toplayCA 功能例句主语Skatingonthethiniceisdangerous.宾语Ifinisheddoingmyhomework.表语Thenurse'sjobislookingafterthepatients.定语Sheisreadinginthereadingroom.宾语补足语Hekeptthemachinerunningfortenhours.状语Theywentoutoftheclassroom，talkingandlaughing. 特例清单1．英语中一些词后常跟动名词作宾语，初中阶段这类词有：finish(完成)，mind(介意)，beworth(值得)，bebusy(忙于)，practice(练习)，havefun(玩得高兴)，feellike(想要)，beusedto(习惯于)，consider(考虑)，enjoy(喜欢)。 2．几组动词接不定式及动名词辨析：(1)stopdoing/stoptodostopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停止、中断做的事后去做另一件事(2)forgetdoing/forgettodoforgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(事情已做)forgettodosth.忘记要去做某事(事情没做)(3)rememberdoing/remembertodorememberdoingsth.记得做过某事(事情已做)remembertodosth.记着去做某事(事情没做) (4)trydoing/trytodotrydoingsth.尝试着去做某事trytodosth.设法或努力去做某事(5)goondoing/goontodogoondoingsth.继续不停地做同一件事情goontodosth.做完一件事，接着去做另外一件事(6)allowdoingsth./allowsb.todosth.allowdoingsth.允许做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事(7)regretdoing/regrettodoregretdoingsth.对做过的事情感到遗憾、后悔(已做)regrettodosth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)