小升初英语语法专项复习一般过去时完美

动词和时态 一般过去时 Simple past tense (一般过去时) 1、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 He was at home yesterday. I got up at six thirty yesterday morning. I visited my aunt last weekend. 2、表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 My father often went to work by bus last year. When I was a child, I often listened to music. he always carried an umbrella. 常用时间 常与一般过去时态连用的时间有： ①yesterday, yesterday morning, the day before yesterday ②last night last week, last month, last year… ③two days ago, three years ago… a moment ago=just now(刚才） ④in 1990, (in 1998…) ⑤this morning, this Monday ⑥When I was 5 years old 动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事； be用was或用were, have, has变had； do和does变did, can要转变成could 谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原； 一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。 规则动词过去式的构成规则 1、_____________末尾加– ed。如：visit-visited，pick- picked； 2、__________________加 – d。如：like-liked, hope-hoped; 3、________________ ，先变y为i再加—ed。如：study- studied，cry-cried; 4、____________________，直接在词尾加ed。如:play- played, stay-stayed; 5、_________________________，先双写这个辅音字母， 再加—ed。如：stop-stopped，jog-jogged。 一般在动词原形 结尾是不发音的 e 的动词 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词 以元音字母+y结尾的动词 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词 is/am改成___, are改成____was were ① 不规则过去式 am _____ is _____ are______ do _____ go______ lie（躺)______ see_____ take ______ get________ have/has________make________ find___________ were did went lay saw took got had made found waswas ②过去式含有“a(o)ught”： teach（教）________think（想)________ buy（买）_________bring（带来)_______ catch(抓住）_______fight(打架)_______ bought brought caught fought thoughttaught ③含“ee”的去e末尾+t： keep（保持）________sleep（睡）______ sweep（扫）________meet（遇见______ feel（感觉）_______leave（离开_______ 末尾+t： learn(学习)_______mean(意思是)_______ burn(燃烧)_______ kept slept swept met felt left learnt meant burnt ⑤过去式把某个字母改成“a” run_______ give _____sing _____ sit______swim______ ring_______begin______ come_____ eat ______drink______ gave sat swam rang sangran began drankate came ⑦过去式中含“ew”的： know（知道）______draw（画）________ blow（吹）_______fly（飞） _______ throw(投掷)______★show(展示)________ drew blew flew threw knew showed ⑧其他： tell_____sell______fall_____hold_____ send_____spend_____lend_____build____ can_______will_______shall________ say _____ pay ______ lay _________ sold fell held sent told spent built wouldcould should said paid laid lent ④过去式同原形： cut(割)__put(放)____let（让)___ set(设置)______hit（击打)______ read(读)_____ cost（花费）_____ hurt(伤害)____beat(战胜）_________ /red/ 1.are 2.go 3.have 4.do 5.come 6.take 7.eat 8.put 9.get 10.read 11.carry 12.see 13.want 14.hope were had came ate got carried wanted went did took put read saw hoped Bob’s Day • Bob got up at 7:30 yesterday morning. After breakfast, he went to school at 8:10 by bus. He got to school at 8:45.He had his first class at 9:00.He had lunch at 12:30 at school. After school, he played football with his classmates. After finishing his homework, he played computer games at 8:30 last night. He went to bed at 10:30 last night. 知识梳理 一、一般过去时的用法 　　一般过去时表示在过去的某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。 标志时间词：yesterday, yesterday+时间, last+时间, ago, before, the day before yesterday, just now等。 二、动词过去式的变化规则 1. 一般情况下，在动词词尾加ed。如：work—worked，listen—listened 2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词，在词尾加d。如：live—lived，close—closed 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i，再加ed。 如：cry—cried，study—studied 4. 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写最后这个辅音 字母，再加ed。如：stop—stopped，drop—dropped 5. 不规则变化(需逐个记忆)。 如：am/is—was，are—were，do/does—did，bring—brought，come—came 三、一般过去时的句型结构 1.肯定句：主语+be动词/动词的过去式+其他. 如：I watched a movie last night. They went to the park last weekend. 2.否定句： (1) 主语+be动词+not+其他. 如：Tom wasn't at home yesterday. (2) 主语+didn't+动词原形+其他. 如：Ben didn't come to school yesterday. We didn't go shopping last night. 3.一般疑问句：Be动词 / Did+主语+动词原形+其他? 如：Were you in school last Friday? Did your mother cook dinner last night? Did you wash your clothes last Sunday? 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ 如：I was at home yesterday. → Where were you yesterday? I watched a movie last night. → What did you do last night? They went to the park last weekend. → Where did they go last weekend? 考点精析 考点1 考查一般过去时的用法 【例1】 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. It　　　　　　 (be) Mary's birthday last Friday. 2. We all 　　　　　　(have) a good time last night. 　　解析:本题考查动词的过去式。1,2小题中的时间词last Friday 和last night 都是过去的 时间，故而动词用过去式。 答案：1. was 2. had 【例2】改错。 1. He didn't his homework last Sunday. ___________________________________________ 2. They were play football after school yesterday. ___________________________________________ 　　解析:本题考查一般过去时的动词形式。第1小题是过去式的否定句，此题只有 助动词didn't，其后没有原形实义动词，“做作业”词组是do his homework, 故需要 在didn't 之后加上do; 第2小题be动词were 在过去式的句子中表达状态，而该句的中 心词play football是动词词组，故而不需要be动词的参与，直接将动词变成过去式形 式就可以了。 答案: 1. He didn't do his homework last Sunday. 2. They played football after school yesterday. 举一反三 1. 用 am， is， are， was， were 填空。 (1) Today _____ June 2nd. Yesterday_______ June 1st. It _______ Children‘s Day. All the children 　 ________very happy. (2) —________ the teachers in the office just now？ —No， they _______ on the playground. And now， they _______ in the classroom. I ______ in the classroom， too. is was was were Were were are am 2. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 （1）Did you _____ (play) the piano yesterday? （2）I _____ (write) a letter last night. （3）Who ________ (clean) the window yesterday? （4）Sarah_____ (run) to school this morning. （5）Tom _____ (go) to the park last Sunday. play wrote cleaned ran went 3. 按要求改写下列句子。 (1) She visited her grandma last weekend.（就画线部分提问） ______________________________________________ (2) There were five pictures in the room. (就画线部分提问) ______________________________________________ (3) Did Mary have a little lamb? (改为肯定句) ______________________________________________ What did she do last weekend? What was in the room? Mary had a little lamb. 过关检测 一、写出下列动词的过去式。 1. buy _______ 2. come _____ 3. meet _____ 4. read _____ 5. help _____ 6. teach _____ 7. take _____ 8. go _____ 9. fly _____ 10. see _____ 11. make _____ 12. drive _____ 13. eat _____ 14. sing _____ 15. tell _____ bought came met read helped taught took went flew saw made drove ate sang told 二、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1． Tom and Mary _____(come) to China last month. 2． Mary _____(read) English yesterday morning. 3． There _____(be) no children here ten minutes ago. 4. What _____ you _____ the day before yesterday?(do) 5． Last week we _____(pick) many apples on the farm. came read were did do picked 6． My mother ___________(not do) housework yesterday. 7． There _________________(be not) any hospitals in my hometown(家乡) in 1940. 8． There _____(be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _____(have) no time to watch it. 9. The sun _____(go) up in the east and _____(set) down in the west. 10. Look!The fish _____________(swim) happily in the lake. They are so cute. didn't do were not/weren't was had goes sets are swimming 三、按要求完成下列句子。 1.I had a cold last week.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答） —_______________________________ —_______________________________ 2.We went to Beijing last month .（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答） —__________________________________ —__________________________________ Did you have a cold last week? Yes,I did. Did you go to Beijing last month? No, we didn't. 3.上个周末，我们去购物了。（汉译英） _______________________________________ 4.昨天她去看望她叔叔。（汉译英） ________________________________________ 5.What did you do yesterday?（根据实际情况回答） ________________________________________ ________________________________________ We went shopping last weekend. She visited her uncle yesterday. I played football/ cleaned my room / watched TV … yesterday. 四、单项填空。 ( )1. Be careful. The train ___. A. will come B. came C. is coming ( )2. ___ he ___ some shopping tomorrow afternoon? A. Will; does B. Is; going to do C. Is; doing ( )3. ___ he at school yesterday? A. Does B. Did C. Was ( )4. —___ you in Shanghai last week? —Yes, I ___. A. Was; was B. Did; did C. Were; was ( )5. Class One ___ the football match yesterday afternoon. A. wined B. won C. was won ( )6. I ___ swimming ___ Mike last month. A. was went; with B. go; with C. went; with C B C C B C 五、选词填空，将下列短文补充完整。 My mother 1._______ busy last weekend. She 2. _______ my grandma on Saturday morning. They 3. _______ noodles together. 4. _______ the evening, she 5. _______the clothes. She often 6._______ to the park on Sunday morning, but she 7._______ my room last Sunday. In the afternoon, she went shopping. She watched TV 8._______ me in the evening. She was very 9._______ last weekend. So I'll help my mother do some housework 10._______ weekend. was visited cooked In washed goes cleaned with tired next 六、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 It 1._______ (be) sunny last weekend. I 2. _______(go) to the park with my friends. There 3. _______(be) many trees, a lake and some mountains in the park. We 4. _______(play)games and 5. _______(climb) a mountain. We 6. _______(have) a lot of fun. How happy we 7._______ (be)! was went are played climbed had were 七、把下列句子改成一般疑问句，并分别做肯定和否定回答。 1. It was sunny yesterday. —___________________________________ —___________________________________ 2. I was in the zoo two hours ago —___________________________________ —___________________________________ Was it sunny yesterday? Yes, it was./ No, it wasn't. Were you in the zoo two hours ago? Yes,I was./ No,I wasn't. 3. They watched TV last night. — ___________________________________ —___________________________________ 4. Tom was happy just now. —___________________________________ —___________________________________ 5. She liked drawing pictures two years ago. —________________________________________ —_________________________________________ Did they watch TV last night? Yes, they did./ No,they didn't. Was Tom happy just now? Yes,he was./ No,he wasn't. Did she like drawing pictures two years ago? Yes,she did./ No,she didn't.