必修四
Unit 4 Body language
1 必备知识·盘点夯基
2 核心素养·精讲层练
3 高效演练·素能提升
1 必备知识·盘点夯基
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
dormitory
major
approach
likely
hug
function
represent
canteen
ease
adult
rank
dash
adult
rank
major
approaching
representing
functions
hugged
dashing
statement
state
greet
greeting
association
associate
curious
curiously
curiosity
defend
defence
misunderstand
misunderstanding
spoken
unspoken
anger
angry
truly
true
truth
curious curiously
curiosity
truth truly
true
defence
defend
greeted
greetings
associated association
stated statement
联想积累：
1．形容词变为副词去掉字母e加y或ly荟萃
①true →truly
②possible →possibly
③comfortable →comfortably
④gentle →gently
⑤simple →simply
2．常见“人体部位及器官”名词荟萃
①cheek 面颊
②forehead 额头
③chest 胸部
④shoulder 肩膀
⑤throat 喉咙
3．常见学校设施名称
①dormitory 宿舍
②canteen 食堂
③auditorium 礼堂
④library 图书馆
⑤laboratory 实验室
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
be curious about
defend...from/against
on the contrary
be likely to
in general
get close to
as if
at ease
turn one’s back to
lose face
defend from/against
are likely to
in general
at ease
lose face
turned his back
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
to win
Being mistaken
are likely to be admitted
to
It is an amazing thing that
2 核心素养·精讲层练
representative n. 代表 adj. 典型的；有代表性的
(1)represent… as/to be… 宣称……为……；把……描绘成……
represent… to sb. 向某人说明/传达某事
1．represent vt. 代表；象征；描绘；说明；声称
(2)stand for代表；象征
(往往用来表示“字母、数字、符号”等代表/象征……)
on behalf of sb. (＝on one’s behalf)为了某人；代表某人(作状语)
represent sb. 代表某人(作谓语)
夯基—写出下列句中represent的含义。
①He was chosen to represent the company at the conference. ______
②He represented himself as a friend of the workers, but now we know
the truth. ______
③Statue of Liberty represents democracy and freedom of American
culture. ______
④The painting represents the scene of a good harvest. ______
代表
声称
象征
描绘
提能—单句写作。
⑤(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)_______________________，I’m more
than delighted to inform you of some detailed information so that you can
________________________________________________.
非常高兴代表我校告知你有关即将到来的排球比赛一些具体事宜，
以至于你能做好充足的准备。
Representing our school
make full preparations for the coming volleyball game
2．approach vt. 接近；靠近 n. 方法；途径；道路
(1)an approach to… ……的方法/通道(to是介词)
at the approach of… 在……快要来临的时候
(2)approach sth. /sb. 接近，靠近某物/某人
with… approaching随着……的临近
(1)approach表示“接近；靠近”时，为不可数名词；表示“处理；
对待……的方法；途径”时，为可数名词，其后常与介词to搭配。
(2)表示“(做)事情的方法”的搭配有：
the approach to(doing) sth. the way to do/of(doing) sth.
the means of(doing) sth. the method of(doing) sth.
(3)注意以下不同的介词搭配：with this method/in this way/by this
means。
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(全国卷Ⅰ)_____________ (approach) the vehicle, they saw that a
woman was trying to get out of the broken window.
②The job market has changed and our approaches to _________ (find)
work must change as well.
③All the ____________ (approach) to the airport were blocked by the
police yesterday.
Approaching
finding
approaches
夯基—单句改错。
④He adopted a new approach to teach English and it proved effective.
_________________ teach →teaching
提能—一句多译。
(2017·天津卷书面表达)随着高考的临近，我几乎把所有的时间都花
在学习上。
⑤______________________________________________，I spend
almost all the time on study. (with复合结构)
⑥______________________________________________，I spend
almost all the time on study. (时间状语从句)
With the College Entrance Examination approaching
As the College Entrance Examination is approaching
curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心
3．curious adj. 好奇的
(1)be curious about … 对……好奇
be curious to do sth. 很想做……；急于做……
It is curious that … 奇怪的是……
(2)out of curiosity出于好奇
satisfy/meet one’s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心
in/with curiosity＝curiously 好奇地
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(北京高考)In high school, I became curious _______ the computer,
and built my first website.
②(浙江高考书面表达)They help us understand science subjects better
and arouse our ___________ (curious) about scientific discoveries.
③He came to the big city for the first time and ___________ (curious)
began looking all around.
about
curiosity
curiously
提能—单句写作。
④(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)此外，(介绍)美国高中生的生活是一个好的选
择，因为中国学生对美国学生的校园生活感到好奇。
Besides, the life of American high school students is a good choice
because ________________________________ American students’ school
life．
Chinese students are curious about
defence n. 防御；保卫
defensive adj. 防御性的；自我保护的
4．defend vt. 保卫；保护
(1)defend sb. /sth. against/from… 保护某人/某物免受……
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
(2)in defence of… 为了保卫……
legal defence正当自卫
夯基—单句语法填空。
①As far as I’m concerned, students should be trained __________
(defend) themselves against some attacks.
②When a dog attacked me, I picked up a stick to defend ________ (I).
③The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died in _________
(defend) of their country.
to defend
myself
defence
提能—单句写作。
④It is the nature of parents to do all they can to __________________
_______ harm and danger.
父母会竭尽全力保护孩子们免受伤害和危险是天性。
defend their children
from
5．ease n. 安逸；舒适 vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑等)
(1)with ease容易地；不费力地
at ease舒适；悠闲；自在
put/set sb. at ease使某人放松/自在
feel/look at ease感到/看上去心情放松
stand at ease稍息
(2)ease one’s mind使某人安心
ease sb. of sth. 减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)
夯基—单句语法填空。
①The news that her son was safe finally eased her ____ anxiety.
提能—用ease相关短语的适当形式填空。
②Anne was intelligent and capable of passing her exams __________
(容易地).
of
with ease
③Her mind was ________ (放松) and she felt confident with the future.
④When you feel nervous, you’d better listen to some light music to
_______________________ (让自己放松).
⑤The news that her child was safe ______________ (让她安心).
at ease
put/set yourself at ease
eased her mind
6．lose face丢脸；丢面子
(1)save face保全面子
make a face做个鬼脸
face to face面对面(作状语)
face-to-face面对面的
in (the) face of sth. 面对(问题、困难、危险等)
to one’s face当着某人的面
(2)be faced with 面对
夯基—完成句子。
①You’d better make great efforts to achieve it, otherwise you will
__________.
你最好全力以赴去实现它，否则你会颜面尽失的。
②Rather than admit failure, Frank ___________ in order to
_____________.
弗兰克为了保全面子，没有承认失败，而是做了个鬼脸。
lose face
made a face
save his face
提能—一句多译。
面对困难时，他们从不放弃而是努力寻找出路。(face)
③_______________________，they never give up but try their best to
find a way out.
④____________________，they never give up but try their best to find
a way out.
⑤_________________________，they never give up but try their best
to find a way out.
Faced with difficulties
Facing difficulties
In the face of difficulties
7．in general总的来说；通常
(1)general knowledge 常识
as a general rule一般而言；通常
(2)generally adv. 一般地；通常地
generally speaking通常来说；总的来说(在句中作插入语)
(3)on the whole ＝in a word＝in short＝in brief＝all in all＝to sum up
总的来说
夯基—单句语法填空。
①We’re trying to raise awareness about the environment ____ general
and air pollution in particular.
②____ a general rule, the more expensive the computer is, the better it
is.
in
As
提能—一句多译。
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)一般来说，你不应晚于安排好的时间到
达。
③___________________，your arrival shouldn’t be later than the fixed
time.
④___________，you shouldn’t arrive later than the fixed time.
Generally speaking
In general
to arrive是不定式作后置定语。
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级，next，only，last
等限定时，常用不定式作后置定语。
8．The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely
followed by Julia Smith from Britain.
第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱
丽娅·史密斯。
(2)动词不定式作定语常用来修饰抽象名词，常见的有：ability，
chance，ambition，offer，anxiety，answer，attempt，way等。
(3)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或
代词是不定式动作的地点、工具，不定式后面须加相应的介词。
夯基—单句语法填空。
①My mother is the first woman in her village ___________ (receive)
high education.
②As far as I know, Amy was the only person ___________ (witness) the
car accident.
③The ability ___________ (express) an idea is as important as the idea
itself.
to receive
to witness
to express
提能—单句写作。
④(2018·浙江卷写作)I can speak fluent English and I am __________
__________________________ for further study.
我能说一口流利的英语，我是班上第一个出国深造的学生。
the first
student in my class to go abroad
3 高效演练·素能提升
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．(2019·北京卷)These developments are likely ________ (make)our
current problems with robotcalls much worse.
解析：be likely to do “可能做……”。
to make
2．_____________ (spend) the past year as an exchange student in
Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：琳达，一名交换生，过去的一年是
在香港度过的，因此她看上去比同龄人更成熟。分析句子结构可知，主
语Linda与spend之间是主动关系，需用现在分词作原因状语；再根据句
中的关键词the past year可知，spend这一动作已经发生了，所以用现在分
词的完成式形式having spent。
Having spent
3．(天津卷，9)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom
windows，________ (make) air conditioning unnecessary.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使
得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果。因此用现在分词作
结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果；不定式也可以作结果状语，但是那是
出乎意料的结果。
making
4．A good listener takes part in the conversation, __________ (offer)
ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.
解析：句意：一个好的聆听者要参与交谈，给出自己的想法、提出
问题以使谈话顺畅进行。
5．I took my driving license with me on holiday, ____ case I wanted to
hire a car.
解析：考查连词短语。句意：度假时我随身携带驾驶证以备租车之
需。
offering
in
6．We’d better discuss everything ____ detail before we work out the
plan.
解析：句意：我们最好在制订计划之前详细地讨论一切事情。in
detail“详细地”。
in
7．_____________ (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of
about 10 metres in height.
解析：句意：靠近城市中心时，我们看见一座大约10米高的石雕。
逻辑主语we与approach之间是主动关系，且approach与saw几乎同时发
生。故需用现在分词一般式形式Approaching作时间状语。
Approaching
8．Stephen was chosen _____________ (represent) the company at the
conference.
解析：句意：Stephen被选出代表公司参加会议。
9．Studies show that people who like sitting in the office for hours
without a break are more likely __________ (suffer) from back problems.
解析：句意：研究表明，喜欢长时间坐在办公室里不休息的人更可
能得背部疾病。句型sb. be likely to do sth. “某人可能做某事”。
to represent
to suffer
10．The old couple, ________ lived in the small village for years，can
tell the names of all the villagers.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，主语The old couple和
live之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且句中有表示完成时间的时间状语for
years，因此用live的现在分词的完成式having (lived)作原因状语。
having
11．I know it’s normal for such a thing to happen, but we _________
____________________________ (avoid) it if we’d been more careful.
解析：考查虚拟语气用于if条件状语从句。句意：我知道发生这样
的事情是正常的，但如果我们更小心一点儿的话，这样的事是可以避免
的。根据句中的“if we’d been more careful”可知，此处表示与过去事实相
反的假设，故用could/might/would/should have done结构。
could/might/
would/should have avoided
12．At the conference, political leaders from many countries promised
to work together to defend the world _________ terrorism and other threats.
解析：句意：会议上，来自多个国家的政治领导人承诺携手保护全
球免受恐怖活动和其他威胁的伤害。defend… against“保护……免
受……的伤害”。
against
13．—He should have been warned of the danger.
—So he _____ (be), but he wouldn’t listen to me.
解析：考查固定句型。根据答句可知，后者赞同前者的话。此处强
调的是发生在过去的客观事实，因此应用so he was。
was
14．Today there are more airplanes __________ (carry) more people
than ever before in the skies.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：现在天空中比以前有更多的飞机搭
载乘客。分析结构可知，此处是there be结构，主语more airplanes后接了
非谓语动词；并且，airplanes与carry之间为主谓关系，故要用现在分词
作定语。
carrying
15．—Tom’s still angry with me.
—You are _________ (blame). How dare you call him a liar! He’s the
last person _______ (lie).
解析：考查固定句型和非谓语动词。sb. be to blame“某人应对(过
错、罪行)负责”，名词前有序数词，the last等词修饰时，该名词后接不
定式作定语。
to blame
to lie
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．As far as I’m concerned, his performance is true entertaining.
_____________
2．The best approach to build up your body is to do exercise every day.
_________________
3．My parents will be angry at me if I get home late.
__________
true →truly
build →building
at →with
4．She is in Beijing University, majors in English Literature.
_________________________________
5．Mountain-climbing is great fun. You’ll get closely to nature and take
exercise at the same time.
________________
6．Leave the less important things until tomorrow is often acceptable.
________________
majors →majoring或majors前加and
closely →close
Leave →Leaving
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．为了捍卫国家的尊严，他牺牲了自己的生命。(defend)
_____________________________________________
2．在第二次世界大战期间，他由一名上尉逐步晋升为将军。(rank)
__________________________________________________________
________
3．这里一定有什么误会，我不知道你在说什么。(misunderstanding)
__________________________________________________________
_____________
He died in order to defend the honour of his nation.
During World War Ⅱ， he rose gradually from the rank of captain to general.
There must be some misunderstandings. I don’t know what you are talking
about.
4．众所周知，孩子对周围的一切充满了好奇心。(curiosity)
__________________________________________________________
__________
5．我儿子高兴地对我说他是他们班第三个完成作业并且唯一得满
分的人。(动词不定式作后置定语)
__________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
As we all know，children are full of curiosity about everything around them.
My son told me gladly that he was the third person to finish his homework
and the only one to get full marks in their class.
Ⅳ．语篇填空
Yesterday, another student and I, 1.______________(represent) our
university’s student association, went to the Capital International Airport
2.________(meet) this year’s international students to Beijing University.
After half 3.____ hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young
people enter the waiting area looking around 4.___________(curious)．
representing
to meet
an
curiously
The first person 5.__________(arrive) was Tony Garcia from Colombia,
closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. Tony approached Julia, touched
her shoulder and kissed her 6.____ the cheek! She stepped back as if in
7._________(defend)．I guessed that there was probably a major
8.__________________(misunderstand)．
9.____ I get to know more international friends, I’ve learned that in
general, 10.__________(study) international customs can certainly help avoid
difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads．
to arrive
on
defence
misunderstanding
As
studying
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假设你是某中学的学生会主席李华。上周，你校邀请美国
某大学的史密斯教授来校做了一场关于各国身势语的专题讲座。请
你代表你校全体学生，用英语给他写一封感谢信。
补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①我代表我校全体学生，感谢您上周所做的关于身体语言的讲座。
(现在分词作状语)
_____________________________________，I’m writing to convey
our appreciation to you for __________________________________ you
gave us last week.
②你的讲座不仅给我们留下了很深的印象而且拓宽了我们的视野。
__________________________________________________________
_________________
Representing every student of our school
the lecture concerning body language
Your lecture has not only left a deep impression on us but also broadened our
horizons.
③通过讲座，我们知道各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相
同，身体语言也不同。
Through the lecture, we learned that __________________________
_____________ nor a gesture means the same.
④“好的”手势在巴西是粗鲁的，摇头在某些国家意味着“是”，
这都是我们以前所不知道的。
_________________ is rude in Brazil and ______________________
________________________，which we have never known before.
The gesture for OK
not all cultures greet people in
the same way
shaking one’s head means
“yes” in some countries
⑤我们相信这些知识在我们与来自其他文化的人们交流时非常有
益。
We are convinced that the knowledge will be very beneficial when we
________________________________________.
⑥在交流中有可能有误解。
__________________________________________________________
communicate with people from other cultures
There are likely to be some misunderstandings in communication.
升级平淡句
1．利用倒装句式升级句②
__________________________________________________________
_________________
2．利用状语从句的省略升级句⑤
__________________________________________________________
________________________________________
Not only has your lecture left a deep impression on us but also broadened our
horizons.
We are convinced that the knowledge will be very beneficial when
communicating with people from other cultures.
衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如in a word, for
example，otherwise等)
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如in a word, for
example，otherwise等)
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Dear Professor Smith，
Representing every student of our school，I’m writing to convey our
appreciation to you for the lecture concerning body language you gave us last
week. In a word, not only has your lecture left a deep impression on us but
also broadened our horizons.
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________
_______
Through the lecture, we learned that not all cultures greet people in the same
way nor a gesture means the same. For example, the gesture for OK is rude in
Brazil and shaking one’s head means “yes” in some countries, which we have
never known before. We are convinced that the knowledge will be very
beneficial when communicating with people from other cultures. Otherwise,
there are likely to be some misunderstandings in communication.
Thanks again for your wonderful lecture.
Yours，
Li Hua
您好，谢谢观看！
谢谢观看
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