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主题语境(六) 乐于学习，善于学习，终身
学习
阅读理解
A (2020·全国卷Ⅱ·D)
I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can
remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up to three books
a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or
went to parties，I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the
library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. It
was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children
for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother，the library took on a new place and
an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main
source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to
the local library，where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted
me to read to them.
I always read，using different voices，as though I were acting out the stories
with my voice and they loved it！It was a special time to bond with my children
and it filled them with the wonderment of books.
Now，I see my children taking their children to the library and I love it that
the excitement of going to the library lives on from generation to generation.
As a novelist，I've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers
to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries
as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers，a bridge that helps put together
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a reader with a book.Libraries，in their own way，help fight book piracy(盗版
行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when
they can. Encourage readers to use the library.Share library announcements on your
social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，本文主要讲述了作者对图书馆的热爱。
1．Which word best describes the author's relationship with books as a child?
A．Cooperative. B．Uneasy.
C．Inseparable. D．Casual.
C [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I was always an enthusiastic reader，
sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child...through the books”可推
知，小时候，作者与书形影不离。inseparable 不可分割的，不可分离的。故选 C。]
2．What does the underlined phrase“an added meaning”in Paragraph 3 refer
to?
A．Pleasure from working in the library.
B．Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C．Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D．A closer bond developed with the readers.
B [推理判断题。根据画线词组前的“As I grew older...the library took on
a new place”及下文的“I had several children...to read to them.”可知，随着
作者年龄的增长，她成为母亲，图书馆在她心里有了新的“位置”，书成了她和
孩子们娱乐的主要来源。对他们来说，去图书馆读书是件令人激动的事情。故
an added meaning 应是指“在作者家中传递的读书的乐趣”。故选 B。]
3．What does the author call on other writers to do?
A．Sponsor book fairs.
B．Write for social media.
C．Support libraries.
D．Purchase her novels.
C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I think all writers should support
libraries in a significant way when they can”可知，作者呼吁其他作者支持图
书馆。故选 C。]
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4．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Reading：A Source of Knowledge
B．My Idea about Writing
C．Library：A Haven for the Young
D．My Love of the Library
D [标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，“library”是本文的线索，作者描述了她
从孩童到为人母，以及作为小说家对图书馆的热爱。故 D 项符合题意。]
B (2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ·B)
Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student
to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree.That willpower bore fruit when
Jennifer graduated from University of WisconsinEau Claire and became the first
in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
Mauer，of Edgar，Wisconsin，grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children.Her
dad worked at a job away from the farm，and her mother ran the farm with the
kids.After high school，Jennifer attended a local technical college，working to pay
her tuition (学费)，because there was no extra money set aside for a college
education.After graduation，she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for
their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own.She decided to
go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family
while doing something she loves：nursing.She chose the UWEau Claire program
at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue
her fouryear degree close to home.She could drive to class and be home in the
evening to help with her kids.Jennifer received great support from her family as
she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills，
and her 68yearold mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all，she remained in good academic standing and graduated with
honors. Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal，giving up many nights with
her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking
to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers，” she
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says.However，her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother
earn her degree.Jennifer is a firstgeneration graduate and an inspiration to her family
－and that's pretty powerful.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了 Jennifer Mauer 在各种不利因素
下，不管身处哪一年龄阶段仍然坚持学习的事迹，她的经历告诉我们，一个人的
努力付出是会有回报的。
5．What did Jennifer do after high school?
A．She helped her dad with his work.
B．She ran the family farm on her own.
C．She supported herself through college.
D．She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
C [推理判断题。根据第二段第三句中的“Jennifer attended a local technical
college，working to pay her tuition(学费)...a college education”可知，Jennifer
在高中毕业之后上了一个工学院，上学期间的学费是自己打工挣来的，因为家里
没有多余的钱供她上学。]
6．Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital
in Marshfield?
A．To take care of her kids easily.
B．To learn from the best nurses.
C．To save money for her parents.
D．To find a wellpaid job there.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Jennifer now is married and...because she
was able to pursue her fouryear degree close to home...help with her kids.”
可知，Jennifer 在婚后要照顾三个孩子，但是又想在事业上深造，为了两者兼顾，
所以选择了离家较近的“UWEau Claire”项目，以期在学习的同时照顾到孩子，
所以选择 A 项。]
7．What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?
A．Her health.
B．Her time with family.
C．Her reputation.
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D．Her chance of promotion.
B [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“...giving up many nights with her kids
and...between my kids and studying for exams or papers”可知，Jennifer 为了达
成目标牺牲了很多，主要体现在为了学习在很多个晚上没有办法照看和陪伴孩
子，所以选择 B 项。]
8．What can we learn from Jennifer's story?
A．Time is money.
B．Love breaks down barriers.
C．Hard work pays off.
D．Education is the key to success.
C [推理判断题。文章介绍了 Jennifer 在家境困难的情况下依靠自己完成了
学业，在婚后既要照顾家庭还想深造的情况下努力付出，最终实现了目标，她的
经历表明一个人的努力付出是会有回报的，所以选择 C 项。]
C (2019·天津卷·B)
I must have always known reading was very important because the first
memories I have as a child deal with books. There was not one night that I don't
remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside. I was extremely inspired
by the elegant way the words sounded.
I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing mom say，
“I can't believe what's printed in the newspaper this morning，” made me want
to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. I wanted to be like my mom and
know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night,
just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading.
This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences,
then paragraphs, and then stories. It seemed an unending journey, but even as
a sixyearold girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors.
When mom said，“The CANDY is hidden on the top shelf，” I knew where
the candy was. My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know
everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that
I could read all of the road signs we passed.
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Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual
reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A's on my tests. Occasionally, I
would read a novel that was assigned, but I didn't enjoy this type of reading.
I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much
room for argument.
Yet, now that I'm growing and the world I once knew as being so simple
is becoming more complex, I find myself needing a way to escape. By opening
a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious
world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone.
I don't have to write down what happened or what technique the author was using
when he or she wrote this. I just read to relax.
We're taught to read because it's necessary for much of human understanding.
Reading is a vital part of my life. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning.
And I've found that the possibilities that lie within books are limitless.
【语篇解读】 本文为夹叙夹议文，作者讲述了自己的读书经历和感悟。
9．Why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of mom's hands?
A．She wanted mom to read the news to her.
B．She was anxious to know what had happened.
C．She couldn't wait to tear the newspaper apart.
D．She couldn't help but stop mom from reading.
B [细节理解题。根据第二段“I always wanted to know what my mom was
reading.Hearing mom say...made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it
myself.”可知，作者一直想知道妈妈在读什么。作者抢过妈妈读的报纸，因为作
者自己迫切想看一看报纸上的内容，故选 B。]
10 ． According to Paragraph 3 ， the author's reading of road signs
indicates________
A．her unique way to locate herself
B．her eagerness to develop her reading ability
C．her effort to remind mom to obey traffic rules
D．her growing desire to know the world around her.
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D [推理判断题。根据第三段“My progress in reading raised my curiosity,
and I wanted to know everything.”可以推断出，让妈妈开车开慢一点，他能够读
出所有路标，正是作者在阅读方面的进步引起了他的好奇心，想要了解周围的一
切，故选 D。]
11．What was the author's view on factual reading?
A．It would help her update testtaking skills.
B．It would allow much room for free thinking.
C．It would provide true and objective information.
D．It would help shape a realistic and serious attitude to life.
C [推理判断题。根据第四段“Most of my reading through primary, middle
and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A's on my
test.”可知，小学和中学阶段的阅读都是事实性阅读，读书是为了获取知识，考
试得 A。因此事实性阅读能够提供真实的客观的信息，故选 C。]
12．The author takes novel reading as a way to________．
A．explore a fantasy land
B．develop a passion for leaning
C．learn about the adult community
D．get away from a confusing world
D [细节理解题。根据第五段 By opening a novel, I can leave behind my
burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new
character. In these worlds I can become anyone.可知，阅读小说可以让作者避开复
杂的现实而投入到小说中的世界中去，故选 D。]
13．What could be the best title for the passage?
A．The Magic of Reading
B．The Pleasure of Reading
C．Growing Up with Reading
D．Reading Makes a Full Man
C [主旨大意题。根据上下文可知，作者以时间顺序回忆了自己的阅读经历
和感悟，伴着阅读成长，故选项 C 符合题意。]
完形填空
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(2017·江苏卷)
For a long time Gabriel didn't want to be involved in music at all. In his first
years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students ， 1
across the campus with their heavy instrument cases， 2 at school for practice
hours 3 anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to 4 music, as
he hated getting to school extra early.
5 ，one day，in the music class that was 6 of his school's standard
curriculum，he was playing idly(随意地) on the piano and found it 7 to pick out
tunes.With a sinking feeling, he realized that he actually 8 doing it.He tried to
hide his 9 pleasure from the music teacher，who had 10 over to listen.He
might not have done this particularly well， 11 the teacher told Gabriel that he
had a good 12 and suggested that Gabriel go into the music storeroom to see if
any of the instruments there 13 him.There he decided to give the cello(大提琴)a
14 .When he began practicing，he took it very 15 ．But he quickly found that
he loved playing this instrument，and was 16 to practicing it so that within a
couple of months he was playing reasonably well.
This 17 ，of course, that he arrived at school early in the morning， 18
his heavy instrument case across the campus to the 19 looks of the
nonmusicians he had left 20 ．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章描写了 Gabriel 对音乐由最初的排
斥到热爱的心路历程。
1．A.travelling B．marching C．pacing D．struggling
D [上下文语境题。由前面的 look pityingly at(用怜悯的眼神看着)和后面的
with their heavy instrument cases(背着他们沉重的乐器盒子)可知，这些学音乐的学
生艰难地走过校园，故选 struggle，表示“艰难地行进”。]
2．A.rising up B．coming up
C．driving up D．turning up
D [下文语境题。由空格后的 at school for practice hours 可知，这里是说他
们背着沉重的乐器盒子去上课，因此用 turn up 表示“出现”。]
3．A.before B．after C．until D．since
A [下文语境题。下文说他讨厌特别早就来到学校(getting to school extra
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early)，由此可知这些学音乐的学生比其他人早到校，故选 before(在……之前)引
导时间状语从句。]
4．A.betray B．accept C．avoid D．appreciate
C [上下文语境题。前文说他对自己发誓(swore to himself)，下文说他讨厌
提前上学(hated getting to school extra early)，可见他很反感学音乐，因此遇到音
乐就会“躲避(avoid)”。]
5．A.Therefore B．However C．Thus D．Moreover
B [语意逻辑题。本空应用过渡词，后文提到他在随意地弹钢琴(playing idly
on the piano)，音乐老师也在倾听(listen)，由此可知他开始接触乐器了，与上文构
成语意上的转折关系，因此选 however“可是”。therefore 和 thus 表示因果关系；
moreover 表示递进关系。]
6．A.part B．nature C．basis D．spirit
A [上下文语境题。the music class 与 his school's standard curriculum(他学校
的标准课程)是部分与整体的关系，因此选 part 表示“部分”。]
7．A.complicated B．safe
C．confusing D．easy
D [上文语境题。前文提到 Gabriel 对乐器存在排斥心理，此处说他随意地
弹奏钢琴，却发现分辨出曲调(pick out tunes)是一件很容易的(easy)事。]
8．A.missed B．disliked C．enjoyed D．denied
C [上文语境题。文章第一段提到 Gabriel 曾对自己发誓要避免接触音乐，
这里提到他有种不祥的感觉(with a sinking feeling)，由此可以推断出他意识到自
己实际上喜欢弹钢琴(enjoy doing it)。]
9．A.transparent B．obvious
C．false D．similar
B [上下文语境题。Gabriel 想要掩饰自己弹钢琴时表现出的快乐，由此看
来，他发现自己对音乐表现出的这种喜悦太明显(obvious)了。]
10．A.run B．jogged C．jumped D．wandered
D [上下文语境题。既然 Gabriel 是在音乐课堂上(in the music class)，因此
在教室里的音乐老师是不会“奔跑(run)”“慢跑(jog)”或“跳跃(jump)”的，而
是慢慢地走过去听他弹奏，选 wander，表示“漫步，走动”。]
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11．A.because B．but C．though D．so
A [语意逻辑题。他可能弹奏得不是特别好，因为音乐老师建议他去学校存
放乐器的房间选乐器，故选 because 引导原因状语从句。]
12．A.ear B．taste C．heart D．voice
A [上下文语境题。既然音乐老师建议他去挑选乐器，那么老师认为 Gabriel
还是有良好的辨音能力的(have a good ear)。另外，上文中的 found it easy to pick
out tunes 也给出了提示。]
13．A.occurred to B．took to
C．appealed to D．held to
C [上文语境题。既然是挑选乐器，必然是选能吸引(appeal to)他的。本题
的干扰项是 take to，表示“喜欢”时用人作主语。]
14．A.change B．chance C．mission D．function
B [固定搭配题。give sth.a chance 给……一个机会，是固定搭配。此处是说
Gabriel 想试试大提琴。]
15．A.seriously B．proudly C．casually D．naturally
C [上下文语境题。由后面 but 表示的转折含义可知，这里表示他开始的时
候对大提琴这种乐器并不是很感兴趣，练习的时候也就很随意(casually)。另外，
本段中的 playing idly(随意地)也给出了提示。]
16．A.committed B．used C．limited D．admitted
A [上下文语境题。他很快发现他喜爱拉大提琴，于是很投入地去训练，几
个月之后，他果然演奏得很好了。be committed to 献身于，致力于，是固定搭配，
且符合此处的语境。]
17．A.proved B．showed C．stressed D．meant
D [上下文语境题。这里与文章开头的叙述相呼应：Gabriel 喜欢上了大提
琴，那么这就意味着(mean)他也要和自己当初用同情的目光注视的那群人一样早
早来到学校。]
18．A.pushing B．dragging
C．lifting D．rushing
B [上文语境题。前文说了，那些学音乐的孩子背着沉重的乐器盒子早早地
就艰难地来到学校，故填 dragging(拖，拽)，与 struggling 呼应，描述 Gabriel 背
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着乐器盒子时步履的艰难。]
19．A.admiring B．pitying
C．annoying D．teasing
B [上文语境题。由文章第一段中的 look pityingly at(用怜悯的眼神看着)可
知，这时轮到别的不学音乐的孩子用同样怜悯的眼神(pitying looks)看着他了。]
20．A.over B．aside
C．behind D．out
C [上文语境题。Gabriel 曾经也用怜悯的眼神看着那些学音乐的孩子，但
是现在他也加入了学音乐的孩子的行列，因此就把那些怜悯的眼神抛在身后了
(leave sth.behind)。]
1．bond n．结合
2．novelist n．小说家
3．significant adj. 重大的；有意义的
4．inseparable adj. 不可分割的；不可分离的
5．willpower n. 意志力；毅力
6．pursue v. 追求
7．bachelor n．学士；单身汉
8．elegant adj. 优雅的；高雅的
9．schooling n. 学校教育
10．sacrifice v. 牺牲；奉献
11．technique n. 技巧；技术；手法
12．grab v. 抓；理解
13．complex adj.复杂的；合成的
14．assign v．分配；指派
15．concrete adj. 实在的；具体的
16．abstract adj. 抽象的；纯理论的
17．shelf n．架子；搁板
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18．swear v. 发誓；宣誓
1．purchase vt.& n．买；购买
2．witness v．目击，亲眼看见；亲身经历
3．degree n. 学位；程度，等级；度
4．academic adj. 学业的；学术性的
5．cover vt.包含，涉及；覆盖，掩盖；行走(路程)；采访/报道；
占用(一段时间或空间)；(钱)足以支付 n．封面(底)；盖子
6．wander v. 徘徊；漫步；迷路；离题
7．appeal n. 呼吁，恳求；上诉，申诉；吸引力
v. 呼吁，恳求；上诉，申诉，；对……有吸引力，有感染力；
启发，劝说
8．pretend v. 假装
9．raise v．提高；筹集
1．entertain vt.&vi.使欢乐；款待→ entertaining adj.愉快的；有趣的→
entertainment n．娱乐
2．encourage v．鼓励；鼓舞→encouragement n．鼓励；奖励→ encouraging adj.
鼓舞人心的
3．advance vt.&vi.前进；促进；提前 n.前进；进步 →advanced adj.高级的；
先进的
4．inspire v．鼓舞；激励→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的→inspired adj.
富有灵感的→inspiration n．鼓舞；启示；灵感
5．relax vt.使放松→relaxing adj.使人放松的→relaxed adj.放松的→relaxation
n．消遣；娱乐
6．limit vt.限制；限定 n．界限；限度→limitless adj. 无限制的；无界限的
→limited adj.有限的→ limitation n．范围；限制
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7．confuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.感到困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的；
难懂的→confusion n．杂乱；混乱
8．occasion n．时机；机会；场合→occasional adj.偶然的→occasionally adv.
偶然地；不时地
9．argue v. 争论→argument n. 争论；争辩
10．mystery n．奥秘；神秘的事物→mysterious adj.神秘的；不可思议的
1．check out 登记并借出
2．bear fruit 奏效；取得成果
3．of one's own 某人自己的
4．pay off (某行动) 取得成功； 带来好结果
5．start off with 从……开始
[即时演练]单句语法填空
1．To some degree, only those people who are ambitious can have their own
careers.
2．I'm writing to complain about a pair of sneakers I purchased (purchase) from
your website.
3．With economy development at great speed, our city has witnessed(witness)
quite a few changes in recent years.
4．Canada，which is the second largest country in the world，covers (cover)an
area of 9.97 million square kilometers.
5．Inspired(inspire) by the speech, the little girl made up her mind to work even
harder.
6．We come here once a year expecting a quiet relaxing (relax) holiday.
7．The confused look on Tom's face suggested that he didn't quite understand his
manager's idea.
8．They must keep in mind that rights are inseparable(separable) from duties.
9．Okay, everyone, we're going to start off with a game.
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10．It is said that the early European playingcards were designed for
entertainment (entertain) and education.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)
1．It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids
could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them. 大事；重要的
事
2．Frequent them and talk about them when you can.常去；常到(某处)
3．Her dad worked at a job away from the farm，and her mother ran the farm
with the kids. 经营
4．Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills，and her 68yearold mother
helped take care of the children at times. 足以支付；够付
5．Through it all，she remained in good academic standing and graduated with
honors.地位；名次
Ⅱ.似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)
1．I have for as long as I can remember.
[译文] 从记事起我就一直这样。
2．He might not have done this particularly well，because the teacher told Gabriel
that he had a good ear and suggested that Gabriel go into the music storeroom to see
if any of the instruments there appealed to him.
[译文] 他可能(钢琴)弹奏得不是特别好，因为音乐老师告诉 Gabriel 他有很
好的辨音能力，建议他去学校存放乐器的房间去看看那里是否有吸引他的乐器。
Ⅲ.复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)
1．Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties，
I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
[分析] 本句是由 and 连接的两个并列句。第二个分句是主从复合句，其中
while 引导时间状语从句；在主句中，the books 后面是省略了关系代词 that/which
的定语从句，修饰先行词 the books。
[译文] 故事对我来说就像空气一样重要，当其他孩子打球或者参加聚会
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时，我通过从图书馆借来的书体验冒险。
2 ． That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of
WisconsinEau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's
degree.
[分析] 本句是主从复合句。其中 when 引导时间状语从句，graduate from
意为“从……毕业”，to earn...为动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰 the first in her
large family。
[译文] 当詹妮弗从威斯康星大学奥克莱尔分校毕业，成为她大家庭中第一
个获得学士学位的人时，她的这份毅力便有了回报。
3．Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal，giving up many nights with her
kids and missing important events to study.
[分析] 本句中，to achieve...为动词不定式短语作目的状语，giving up...和
missing...为现在分词短语作伴随状语，to study 为动词不定式作目的状语。
[译文] 詹妮弗为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，放弃了许多本该陪伴孩子
们的夜晚，也错过了一些重要的学习活动。
4．Hearing mom say， “I can't believe what's printed in the newspaper this
morning，” made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself.
[分析] 本句中动名词短语 Hearing mom say，“I can't believe what's printed
in the newspaper this morning，”作主语；谓语动词为 made，其后接省略 to 的动
词不定式 want。
[译文] 听到妈妈说：“我真不敢相信今天早上报纸上刊登的内容。”我有
想把报纸从她手里夺过来自己看的冲动。
1．load n．负担；负荷；工作量 vt.& vi.装载；加重；把弹药装入(枪炮)
(1)take a load off one's mind 打消某人的顾虑
loads of＝a load of 许多；大量
(2)load sth./sb.with...用……装载……；使……负担
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be loaded with 装满……；充满……
load coal into the truck 把煤炭装上了卡车
have a full load of work 工作安排得满满的
under great pressure from heavy study loads
来自沉重的学业负担的压力
loads of great places to see in Australia
在澳大利亚有很多值得一看的好地方
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①Some students complain that they are loaded(load) with too much homework.
②Standing on the bank, the children watched the ship loaded(load) with all
kinds of goods.
③Even though I have loads(load) of schoolwork to do, I'll spend some free time
having sports so that I can keep fit and energetic.
[能力提升]－－完成句子/句式升级
他们携带了食物、医疗器具和氧气设备，开始了他们的探险之旅。
① 普 通 表 达 ： They loaded themselves with/were loaded with food, medical
supplies and oxygen equipment and set off for their adventure.
②高级表达： Loaded with food, medical supplies and oxygen equipment, they
set off for their adventure.(过去分词短语作状语)
③高级表 达： Loading themselves with food, medical supplies and oxygen
equipment, they set off for their adventure.(现在分词短语作状语)
2．afford vt.买得起，负担得起；(有时间) 做；承担得起 (后果)；提供；给
予
(1)afford to do sth.负担得起干……的费用
afford sb.sth.＝ afford sth.to sb.给予某人某物
(2)affordable adj.能承担得起的
affordably adv.付得起地
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couldn't afford him to go to school 供不起他上学
can't afford the high rent for a downtown apartment
付不起市中心公寓的昂贵房租
afford young people a chance to gain work experience
为年轻人提供了获得工作经验的机会
[名师点津] afford 意为“买得起，负担得起”时，常与 can, could, be able to
以及其否定形式连用，后接名词、代词或不定式。
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be
affordable(afford) but doing this most days adds up.
②Having spent nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay(stay) at a hotel.
③Television and the Internet afford much pleasure to many people.
[能力提升]－－词汇升级
普通表达：I don't have enough money to buy such an expensive house now.
高级表达：I can't afford to buy such an expensive house now.(afford)
3．remain vi.剩下；停留；仍然
(1)remain＋ adj./n./分词/介词短语 仍然是……
remain to be done (某事)有待去做
(2)remaining adj.剩余的；留下的
the remaining money/time 剩下的钱/时间
(3)remains n．遗迹；遗体；剩余物
remain modest and honest 保持谦虚和诚实
remain firm in his belief 仍然坚定他的信念
buy a new pen with the remaining money
用剩余的钱买了一支钢笔
[名师点津] 当表示“剩下的”时，remaining 常作前置定语，而 left 常作后
置定语。
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[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for
the remaining(remain) weeks before the race.
②It remains to be seen(see) whether the news that a new library will be built in
our school is true.
③Ladies and gentlemen, please remain seated(seat) until the plane has come to a
complete stop.
[能力提升]－－完成句子
你说的对不对还有待证实。
It remains to be seen whether you are right.
4．pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清
pay for sth.付某物的钱；为某事付出代价
pay sb.for sth.因某事/物给某人报酬
pay back 偿还(欠款)；报复；回报
pay a visit to 拜访
pay off his debts in two years 在两年内还清了他的债务
pay in cash/by credit card 以现金支付/用信用卡支付
pay for itself 够本
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the
Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off．
②That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.
③I'd also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether
accommodation is included.
[能力提升]－－完成句子
当我顺利地完成了所有科目考试的时候，我的确感到我的努力得到了回报。
When I passed the exams of all the subjects，I did feel that my efforts paid off．
5．hide vt.掩藏；躲藏；隐瞒
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(1)hide sth.from sb.隐瞒某人某事
hide sth.in/under/behind ...把某物隐藏在……里面/下面/后面
(2)hiding adj.躲藏的
hidden adj. 秘密的；隐秘的
hide your secrets from strangers 对陌生人隐瞒你的秘密
have some hidden meaning 有言外之意
be found hidden behind the door 被发现藏在门后
[名师点津] hiding 和 hidden 作定语时意思不同：a hiding place “一个藏身
处”；a hidden place “一个秘密/隐秘的地方”。
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①He tried to hide his obvious pleasure from the music teacher, who had
wandered over to listen.
②In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden(hide)
within the work.
[能力提升]－－一句多译
由于每个人的脸都藏在面具后，很难分辨他们是谁。
①Because everyone's face was hidden behind the mask, it's hard to tell who they
really are.(状语从句)
②With everyone's face hidden behind the mask, it's hard to tell who they really
are.(with 复合结构)
6．escape v．& n．逃跑；逃避；避开；(气体、液体等)漏出；被遗忘
(1)escape (doing) sth.逃脱(做)某事
escape from/out of ...从……逃跑，逃走；从……中溢出，漏出
sth. escape sb.某事物被某人忘记；未被注意到
(2)a narrow escape 九死一生，幸免于难
escape from the burning house with the help of firefighters 在消防员的帮助下
逃离了燃烧的房屋
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narrowly escape being killed in the traffic accident
差一点在交通事故中丧生
use alcohol as a means of escape 借酒消愁
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①Whoever breaks the law won't escape punishment/being punished(punish)．
②Only with the greatest of luck did she manage to escape from the rising flood
waters.
[一词多义]－－写出下列句中 escape 的含义
①Without thinking he started to run and luckily escaped the cat's paw.逃脱
②Seeing the poisonous gas escaping from the broken pipe, he sounded the
alarm.漏出
③That particular day, my brother and I sat through both movies twice, trying to
escape the heat.避开
④I remembered seeing him somewhere before, but his name escaped me for the
moment.被遗忘
[能力提升]－－一句多译
我遇到以前的一位同学，可是不记得他的名字，这令我很尴尬。
①I came across one of my former classmates, but I couldn't remember his name,
which made me embarrassed.(remember)
②I came across one of my former classmates, but his name escaped me/my
memory, which made me embarrassed. (escape)
1. ...I love it that the excitement of going to the library lives on from
generation to generation.
……我喜欢去图书馆的兴奋感代代相传。
[句型公式] love 后面接从句时，要先接 it 再跟从句，其中的 it 指代后面从
句的内容，相当于形式宾语。
类似用法的还有：
喜欢、厌恶类：
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love/like/prefer/enjoy/appreciate/hate/dislike it that/when/if...
依靠、依赖类：depend on/rely on/count on it that...
其他：see to it/owe it to sb. that...
take it for granted that...
can't help it if...
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①I would extremely appreciate it if I have a chance to receive your approval.
②I owed it to the doctors that I survived such a severe accident.
③We have come to take it for granted that we can't live without cell phones.
[能力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：I succeeded in starting the engine.I owe it to her assistance.
高级表达： I owe it to her assistance that I succeeded in starting the engine.(合
并为复合句)
2．I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could
read all of the road signs we passed.
我经常发现自己要妈妈开慢一点，这样我就能看清我们经过的所有路牌。
[句型公式] “find oneself＋宾语补足语”通常表示“(在事先毫无知觉的情
况下)突然发现自己处于某种状态”。
宾语补足语常由介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、形容词或副词充当；一般
不用不定式，但可用 to be。
(1)find＋宾语＋
现在分词（表示主动或正在进行）
过去分词（表示被动或完成）
形容词/介词短语
(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do(it 是形式宾语，to do 是真正的宾语)
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①When he woke up, he found himself lying(lie) in the street.
②But when the police arrived, they found the door locked(lock) and all windows
closed.
③With the world becoming a global village, I find it necessary to have a good
command of English.
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[能力提升]－－完成句子
到达美国后，我发现自己生活在一个完全不同的文化中。
After I arrived in America, I found myself living in a completely different
culture.
夯基固本·知识落实
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Any remaining(remain) tickets for the concert will be sold on the door.
2．With several problems remaining to be solved(solve), we still need to hold
another meeting as soon as possible.
3．We had intended to take a twoday trip, but we were too busy to afford(afford)
it.
4．A ship loaded (load) with goods will arrive at the port soon.
5 ． Tom found a hiding place in the trees to keep himself hidden from the
enemy.(hide)
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．As a proverb goes, where there is a will, there is a way. Our efforts will pay off
in time.
2．At last the tourists managed to escape from the dangerous place, hungry and
frightened.
3．I paid Tom for what he had done for me.
4．He was very aware of his own importance.
5．They loaded all their things into a box.
强技提能·知识应用
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2020·兰州市高三诊断考试)I was standing in a class of wild 14yearold girls
as they threw paper and howled (大声叫喊) with laughter.They wouldn't 1 me.I
was 23 and I didn't know what I was doing.I never wanted to 2 ．I wanted to be a
writer.But when I arrived in London，they were short of teachers，not writers.
My efforts to teach were 3 ．When the bell finally rang，I rushed to the staff
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room，red with anger.The other teachers weren't 4 .“That's 4B，the worst class
in school，” one said.
I dreaded (害怕) our next 5 ，but I couldn't give up.I needed the job.So，I
6 formal lessons.Instead，I brought 7 for class discussions.One of the liveliest
talks was about the arguments they had with their parents.They paid attention and
shared about their lives.I was 8 ．So I had them write about themselves.Most
wrote about families with little money and big problems.As time went on，their essays
became a 9 between us.I admired their humor，toughness and insight，and I
thought they 10 my interest in their lives.
The musical My Fair Lady was playing in the West End，but they had never seen
a 11 stage performance.They lived just a few subway stops from the West End，
but none had ever been there.I asked if they'd like to see the musical.They thought I
was 12 ．No teacher had ever 13 taking them out.A few weeks later，4B
and I were sitting in a 14 ． They loved the music ， the costumes and the
characters.It was the 15 of their year，and they talked about it for days.
Near the end of the semester ， someone knocked on the door of the staff
room.The two most rebellious (叛逆的) girls in 4B were there － with flowers.I was
proud to know I had 16 their lives.I enjoyed teaching and getting along with
17 ．
When I returned to Australia several years later ， I still wanted to be a
18 .For the first time in my life，I stopped 19 and started writing.My first story
was titled My Fair Ladies.Teaching wasn't the 20 of my writing career；it was the
beginning.
【语篇解读】 “我”想当一名作家，但是伦敦缺的是教师，于是“我”做
了一名教师。由于带了全校最差的班级，开始时“我”不知所措。后来“我”改
变了常规的授课方式，鼓励学生们写自己经历的故事，带她们去欣赏音乐剧。
“我”的行为触动了她们的内心……
1．A.listen to B．hear about
C．catch up with D．take care of
A [根据上文可知，这些女生扔纸并大声谈笑；根据下文可知，23 岁的“我”
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不知所措；据此可以判断，这些女生不听我讲话；A 项意为“听……”，故 A 项
正确。]
2．A.communicate B．teach
C．discuss D．work
B [根据下文可知，“我”想要当一名作家；上文提到，对这群在教室里高
声谈笑的女生“我”一筹莫展，据此可以推知，“我”不打算教学，B 项意为“教
学”，故 B 项正确。]
3．A.successful B．persistent
C．unforgettable D．hopeless
D [根据下文可知，我气得脸都红了，同事告诉我说这个班是最差的班；据
此可以推知，我感到努力毫无希望；D 项意为“绝望的”，故 D 项正确。]
4．A.embarrassed B．happy
C．surprised D．worried
C [根据后句可知，其中一个老师告诉我说，4B 班是全校最差的班级；据
此可以推知，对于这种情况，其他老师并不感到奇怪；C 项意为“觉得奇怪的”，
故 C 项正确。]
5．A.appointment B．meeting
C．task D．performance
B [根据上文可知，班里的女生高声谈笑不听“我”讲话，据此可以推知，
“我”害怕和她们再次见面，B 项意为“见面”，故 B 项正确。]
6．A.abandoned B．designed
C．took D．hated
A [根据后句中的“for class discussions”可知，“我”放弃了常规教学，
以班级讨论的方式取代；A 项意为“放弃”，故 A 项正确。]
7．A.papers B．rewards
C．topics D．assistants
C [根据该句中的“brought”，并结合语境可知，“我”准备了班级讨论的
话题；C 项意为“话题”，故 C 项正确。]
8．A.fascinated B．disappointed
C．puzzled D．relaxed
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A [根据后句可知，“我”让她们写下她们的故事；据此可以推知，“我”
对她们的讨论很入迷；A 项意为“入迷的”，故 A 项正确。]
9．A.deal B．bridge
C．guide D．secret
B [根据该句中的“between us”并结合语境可知，这些文章成了“我”和
她们之间联系的桥梁；B 项意为“桥梁”，故 B 项正确。]
10．A.praised B．understood
C．ignored D．appreciated
D [根据上文可知，“我”欣赏她们的幽默、坚强和洞察力；结合该句中的
“my interest in their lives”可以推知，“我”认为她们也会感谢“我”对她们生
活的关注；D 项意为“感谢，感激”，故 D 项正确。]
11．A.good B．familiar
C．famous D．live
D [根据该句中的“but”及后一句“They lived just a few subway stops from
the West End...there”可知，尽管她们的住处离伦敦西区很近，但是她们没有看到
过现场表演；D 项意为“现场演出的”，故 D 项正确。]
12．A.lying B．guessing
C．joking D．promising
C [根据后句中的“No teacher had ever”可知，没有老师带她们出去过；据
此可以推知，当“我”问她们是否要去看现场表演时，她们认为“我”在开玩笑，
故 C 项正确。]
13．A.admitted B．disliked
C．minded D．suggested
D [根据上文中的“I asked if they'd like to see the musical”可知，“我”提
议她们出去看音乐剧；结合该句中的“taking them out”可知，之前没有老师提
议带她们出去，D 项意为“提议”，故 D 项正确。]
14．A.bookstore B．theater
C．library D．classroom
B [根据上文中的“I asked if...the musical”可知，“我”提议她们出去欣赏
音乐剧；结合该句中的“4B and I were sitting in”可以推知，数周后的一天，“我”
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和她们坐在了一家剧院里；B 项意为“剧院”，故 B 项正确。]
15．A.highlight B．goal
C．story D．achievement
A [根据该句中的“and they talked about it for days”可知，她们谈论了几天
时间；据此可以推知，这是她们一年中最精彩的一天；A 项意为“最精彩的部分”，
故 A 项正确。]
16．A.found B．touched
C．created D．saved
B [根据前句可知，有两位最叛逆的女生拿着花来到教员的办公室，结合上
文叙述的“我”和她们欣赏音乐剧可以推知，“我”触及了她们的生活，B 项意
为“触及”。]
17．A.colleagues________B．parents
C．teenagers________ D．players
C [根据该句中的“and getting along with”，并结合上文叙述的“我”骄傲
地得知“我”触及了她们的生活可以推知，“我”喜欢上了教学，和青少年们相
处融洽；C 项意为“青少年”，故 C 项正确。]
18．A.teacher________ B．writer
C．performer________ D．listener
B [根据第一段倒数第二句“I wanted to be a writer”可知，我想要当一名作
家；结合后句中的“started writing”可知，“我”开始写作；据此可以推知，“我”
仍然想要当一名作家，故 B 项正确。]
19．A.dreaming________B．hesitating
C．travelling________ D．learning
A [根据该句中的“started writing”，并结合语境可知，第一次“我”不再
幻想，而是真正开始写作；A 项意为“想象，梦想”，故 A 项正确。]
20．A.idea B．part
C．end D．plan
C [根据该句中的“it was the beginning”可知，教学是“我”写作的开始，
据此可知，空处与句中的“beginning”对应，表示“终结”，故 C 项正确。]
Ⅱ.语法填空
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One day，an old wise man was going to teach people in a village.The villagers
there were very 1.________(interest) in the wise man's ideas.Each person in the
village had prepared well，thinking about 2.________questions they might ask the
wise man.
The wise man finally arrived and 3.________(take) into a large room in the
village ， in 4.________people got together to ask their questions.There was great
5.________(expect) and excitement.
The wise man walked silently around the room and sang a sweet song.One by
one，people took up the song.Before long，everyone started to sing along with the wise
man.As people became comfortable with 6.________(he) song，the wise man started
to dance 7.________the music.He danced everywhere in the room，and one by one，
people danced with him.Soon everyone in the whole village was dancing
8.________(wild) together.Everyone danced with such big smiles on their face that
they totally forgot their worries in life.
Later at night ， the wise man slowed the dance and finally stopped
9.________(dance)．He looked into everyone's eyes and said gently，“I believe that
I 10.________(answer) all of your questions.”
【语篇解读】 一个智者到一个村庄讲课，他没有回答村民的任何问题，而
是带着村民唱歌、跳舞，在嬉笑玩闹之间，村民们早已忘记了烦恼。
1．interested [考查词性转换。be interested in...表示“对……感兴趣”。]
2．the [考查冠词。这里特指村民可能问智者的问题，故填定冠词 the。]
3．was taken [考查动词的时态和语态。take 与 the wise man 之间是逻辑上
的动宾关系，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。]
4．which [考查关系代词。先行词是 a large room，在从句中作地点状语，
故此处填 which。in which 相当于 where。]
5．expectation [考查词性转换。由 and 连接的两个并列主语，excitement
是名词，因此此空也应用名词形式。]
6．his [考查代词。song 和 he 之间是所属关系，故用 his。]
7．to [考查介词。dance to the music“随着音乐起舞”。]
8．wildly [考查词性转换。wild 修饰动词 dancing，因此用其副词形式。]
9．dancing [考查非谓语动词。stop dancing 意为“停止跳舞”。]
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10．have answered [考查动词时态。现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造
成的影响或结果。]
话题写作
Step 1.写作要点(根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子)
①迈克尔是一位美国作家。他的眼睛有残疾。
Michael is an American writer. He is disabled in eyesight.
②尽管他很笨拙，但是他很有雄心，想有尊严地活着。
Though he is clumsy, he was ambitious and wanted to live a life with dignity．
③毕业后，在伙伴的鼓励和帮助下，他接触了文学。
After graduation he, encouraged and assisted by his companions，had access to
literature.
④现在他的作品已被改编为电影。
Now his works have been adapted for films.
⑤他的作品获得了广泛的赞同和祝贺。
His works have gained wide approval and congratulations．
Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
①用非限制性定语从句升级句①
Michael is an American writer, who is disabled in eyesight．
②用现在分词短语作状语升级句②
Though clumsy, he was ambitious and wanted to live a life with dignity.
③用限制性定语从句合并④⑤两句
Now his works have been adapted for films which have gained wide approval
and congratulations．
Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Michael is an American writer, who is disabled in eyesight. Though clumsy, he
was ambitious and wanted to live a life with dignity. After graduation he, encouraged
and assisted by his companions，had access to literature. Now his works have been
adapted for films which have gained wide approval and congratulations.
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