1/29
主题群二 做人与做事
主题语境(一) 优秀品行，正确的人生态
度，公民义务与社会责任(1)
阅读理解
(2020·天津卷·B)
“They tell me that you'd like to make a statue (塑像) of me－is that correct，
Miss Vinnie Ream？”
The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl.Asking a favor of the
President of the United States was no casual matter ， especially for a
seventeenyearold girl.
“Yes，sir，” she replied，her dark eyes meeting his.“I wouldn't have dared to
ask you，but my teacher，Mr.Mills，says I am ready.I plan to make it in an admirable
manner.”
President Lincoln smiled，“Painters，sculptors－they've all tried to make the
best of this ordinary face，but I'm afraid there's not much hope.What did you have in
mind, Miss Ream？A bust(半身像)？”
Before Vinnie could say yes，the President hurried on，a shade of apology in his
voice.“Of course－I shouldn't have asked. A fulllength pose would be much too
big a project for a young woman your size.”
Vinnie's face turned red.She realized she looked like a child ， with her tiny
figure.“Small does not mean weak，sir，” she defended herself.“I was born in the
country of Wisconsin.I've driven teams of horses and carried water.Making a
fulllength clay( 黏土) figure would not exhaust my strength－and that is what I
intend to do！”
2/29
The President's eyes，brightened at her show of spirit.“Sorry，madam，I have
underestimated you as I didn't know your background.”
But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers，in thought.“Miss
Ream，” he sighed，“I'd like to let you do it，but as you know，we are in the middle
of a war.How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now？I hardly
have a minute to myself.”
Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office.“I work quickly，” she
said.Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the
windows.“If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon，
I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk.”
The President seemed to consider her idea seriously. He got up and shook
Vinnie's hand warmly，“I've heard that you are a talented young woman，and I have
found you charming and intelligent as well. I cannot make my decision
immediately，but you will hear from me soon.”
The very next day，Vinnie received an invitation from the President.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述 Vinnie 给林肯总统制作全身塑像的故事。起
初总统对她的请求表示怀疑，但她的能力最终得到了总统的首肯。
1．What gave Vinnie confidence to make her request of President Lincoln?
A．Her aggressive personality.
B．Mr.Mills's encouraging remark.
C．President Lincoln's gentle voice.
D．Her interest in a challenging job.
B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I wouldn't have dared to ask you，but my
teacher，Mr.Mills，says I am ready.I plan to make it in an admirable manner.”可知，
Mills 先生鼓励的话给了 Vinnie 向林肯总统提出她的请求的信心，故 B 项正确。]
2．How did President Lincoln first respond to Vinnie's request?
A．Pleased. B．Thrilled.
C．Regretful. D．Doubtful.
D [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Painters，sculptors－they've all tried to
make the best of this ordinary face，but I'm afraid there's not much hope.”可推断，
3/29
林肯总统起初对 Vinnie 的请求是怀疑的，故 D 项正确。]
3 ． Vinnie confirmed her ability to make a fulllength statue by
highlighting________．
A．her experience from other projects
B．her innocent childhood in the country
C．the heavy labor she had done before
D．the skill she picked up in Wisconsin
C [推理判断题。根据第六段中的“I've driven teams of horses and carried
water.Making a fulllength clay (黏土) figure would not exhaust my strength－and
that is what I intend to do！”可推断，Vinnie 通过强调她以前做过的繁重的劳动来
证实她制作全身塑像的能力，故 C 项正确。]
4．Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows to________．
A．achieve effects of natural lighting
B．keep all her tools within easy reach
C．observe the President at a right angle
D．avoid disturbing the President's work
D [推理判断题。根据第九段中的“If I were to bring my clay here and work
for three hours every afternoon，I could complete most of the project while you are at
your desk.”可推知，Vinnie 选择靠近窗户的角落以避免打扰总统工作，故 D 项
正确。]
5．What message does the story convey?
A．A strongwilled soul can reach his goal.
B．Experience helps to promote excellence.
C．Ups and downs make one strong.
D．Devotion requires enthusiasm.
A [推理判断题。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述 Vinnie 给林肯总统制作全
身塑像的故事。起初总统对她的请求表示怀疑，但她的能力最终得到了总统的首
肯。由此可推断，意志坚强的人能实现目标。故 A 项正确。]
阅读七选五
(2020·浙江卷)
4/29
I experienced years of loneliness as a child. 1 His friends teased him about
babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine.With no other kids
of my age in the neighborhood，I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began
early as my mother read to me every evening. 2 I started reading books on my
own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow
several books.I quickly graduated from typical children's books to ones with fewer
pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. 3
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted.I tried making toy cars
with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of
wood my father gave me.When my mother saw my creations ， she told me how
creative my designs were. 4 I learned a lot about how to extend the life of
objects and transform them into something new and useful.It was a trait(特点)others
found helpful，and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.
5 My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside，no
matter the weather or season. My brother，of course，raced off to be with his friends，
while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn，ice skating
in winter，and so much more. They're all memories I treasure today.
A．I wasn't alone any longer.
B．I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C．I was invited to play with another kid.
D．I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E．Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F．Thus，I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G．My older brother couldn't be bothered to play with me.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了我孤独的童年经历，但也正
是这段时光让我学会了阅读，做各种东西，亲近了自然。
1．G [结合上文中的“years of loneliness”和空后的“His friends teased him
about babysitting his sister”可知，我的哥哥不愿意跟我玩耍，故选 G 项。]
2．D [上文提到了 reading 和 read 等，再结合下文提到的“fewer pictures”
可推断，此处讲我喜欢看书中五颜六色的图片，故选 D 项。]
5/29
3．A [结合上文中的“Reading opened new worlds to me.”和第一段第一句
可知，阅读让我沉浸在全新的世界里，使我不再感到孤独。本段首句与此对应，
故选 A 项。]
4．F [根据上文中的“My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted.I
tried making”和下文的“to make things with me”可知，在母亲的鼓励下，我开
始对做各种东西有了兴趣，故选 F 项。]
5．E [结合下文的“to spend time outside”及本段内容可知，该段主要讲述
了我的另一个习惯“待在户外”，故选 E 项。]
完形填空
A (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
Since our twins began learning to walk，my wife and I have kept telling them that
our sliding glass door is just a window.The 1 is obvious.If we 2 it is a
door，they'll want to go outside 3 ．It will drive us crazy.The kids apparently
know the 4 ．But our insisting it's 5 a window has kept them from 6
millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they'll 7 and discover that everything
they've always known about windows is a 8 ．
I wonder if 9 should always tell the truth no matter the 10 ．I have a
very strong 11 that the lie we're telling is doing 12 damage to our
children.Windows and doors have 13 metaphorical(比喻) meanings.I'm telling
them they can't open what they absolutely know is a door.What if later in 14
they come to a metaphorical door，like an opportunity of some sort ， and 15
opening the door and taking the opportunity，they just 16 it and wonder，
“What if it isn't a door？”That is，“What if it isn't a 17 opportunity？”
Maybe it's an unreasonable fear. But the 18 is that I shouldn't lie to my
kids.I should just 19 repeatedly having to say，“No.We can't go outside
now.”Then when they come to other doors in life，be they real or metaphorical，they
won't 20 to open them and walk through.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，有时为了避开麻烦，我们难免会说
谎。可谎言有时也会让人产生恐惧，引发人内心的不安。本文叙述了作者在自己
6/29
的双胞胎孩子刚学步时，为避免孩子不断地通过滑动玻璃门给其带来麻烦，刻意
编造谎言告诉孩子，那是窗户而不是门，而后又后悔对孩子说谎的故事。窗户和
门都有重要的比喻意义，作者害怕对孩子说了这样的谎后，当孩子人生中的机会
出现时，他们会产生怀疑从而犹豫不前。
1．A.relief B．target C．reason D．case
C [根据语境可知，作者说谎的原因(reason)很明显。]
2．A.admit B．believe
C．mean D．realize
A [结合下文“they'll want to go outside________．It will drive us crazy”可
推知，如果作者他们承认(admit)这是门，孩子就会一直(constantly)想出去，这会
使他们发疯的。]
3．A.gradually B．constantly
C．temporarily D．casually
B [参见上题解析。temporarily“暂时地，临时地”；casually“随意地，偶
然地”。]
4．A.result B．danger
C．method D．truth
D [由下文中的“tell the truth”并结合语境可知，此处表示孩子们显然知道
真相(truth)。]
5．A.merely B．slightly
C．hardly D．partly
A [根据语境可知，作者他们坚持说这仅仅是(merely)一个窗户，这已经阻
止了孩子们很多次试图(attempt)开门的请求。]
6．A.reviewing B．approving
C．receiving D．attempting
D [参见上题解析。]
7．A.win out B．give up
C．wake up D．stand out
C [根据空前一句中的“lying to the kids”和该句中的“discover”可知，有
一天，他们会醒悟(wake up)过来，发现他们一直知道的关于窗户的一切都是谎言
7/29
(lie)。win out“终获成功”；stand out“突出，显眼”。]
8．A.dream B．lie
C．fantasy D．fact
B [参见上题解析。fantasy“幻想，想象”。]
9．A.parents B．twins
C．colleagues D．teachers
A [由下文的“our children”的提示可知，此处表示“我在想，无论结果
(consequences)如何，父母(parents)是否都应该告知真相”。]
10．A.restrictions B．explanations
C．differences D．consequences
D [参见上题解析。restriction“限制规定，制约因素”。]
11．A.demand B．fear
C．desire D．doubt
B [根据下文中的“Maybe it's an unreasonable fear.”和语境可知，此处应
为“我非常恐惧(fear)”。]
12．A.physical B．biological
C．spiritual D．behavioral
C [根据下文表述的“窗户和门都有重要的比喻意义，作者害怕对孩子说了
这样的谎后，当孩子人生中的机会出现时，他们会产生怀疑从而犹豫不前”可知，
此处表示作者害怕自己所说的谎言正在对孩子造成精神上的(spiritual)伤害。
biological“生物的，生物学的”。]
13．A.traditional B．important
C．double D．original
B [根据语境和常识可知，窗户和门都有重要的(important)比喻意义。]
14．A.life B．time
C．reply D．history
A [根据常识可知，此处表示“倘若他们在以后的人生(life)中，来到一扇就
像某种机会的比喻性的门前，他们会怎么样”。]
15．A.by comparison with B．in addition to
C．regardless of D．instead of
8/29
D [根据下文中的“they just________ it and wonder，'What if it isn't a
door？'”可知，他们仅仅是盯着(stare at)这扇门在犹豫而不是(instead of)打开门，
抓住机会。by comparison with“与……相比”。]
16．A.get hold of B．stare at
C．knock on D．make use of
B [参见上题解析。]
17．A.real B．typical
C．similar D．limited
A [根据上文作者把门比作机会可知，“如果这不是一扇门”也就是说“如
果这不是一个真正的(real)机会”。]
18．A.safety rule B．comfort zone
C．bottom line D．top secret
C [根据下文表述的作者应该接受(accept)重复告诉孩子现在不能出去可
知，底线(bottom line)是作者不应该向孩子说谎。]
19．A.delay B．regret
C．enjoy D．accept
D [参见上题解析。]
20．A.hurry B．decide
C．hesitate D．intend
C [根据语境可知，如果不对孩子说这样的谎，那么当他们来到人生的其他
门前时，不管它们是真实的，还是比喻性的，他们会毫不犹豫地打开门走过去。]
B (2019·北京卷)
Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure
lowincome students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
A retired engineer, 76yearold Wilson has been 21 free rides to college
students for the past eight years. Since he first started 22 his car to the young
people，Wilson has 23 an astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless
pleasant and often humorous 24 with the students he transports to and from
school. The students who he's 25 have gone on to become physicians, teachers
and engineers, but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role
9/29
model and a friend in Wilson. Some students 26 call him “Grandpa”．
Tina Stern 27 rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the
trips meant much more to her than just free 28 . “It's not just a ride；you're not
just sitting there in 29 silence or with your headphones on，” Stern said. “He
asks you questions and actually 30 the answers, so the next time you ride with
him, he'll 31 those things.”
Wilson first worked as a driver through a studentsupport programme of the
nonprofit organisation ， On Point for College. Although the 32 asks the
members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes 33
to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with
registration ， Wilson is there to 34 them. If they run out of certain daily
necessities，Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a
student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never 35 to
buy them a meal.
For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely 36
for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a
reliable car, while others have to 37 vehicles with parents who work six days a
week. For them, riding with Wilson has 38 them to complete their education －
but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the 39 . “I just love
driving，and I love these kids, ”Wilson said. “It's such a(n) 40 to be a part of
these kids' lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their
stories.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位老人乐于助人的故事。
老人虽已退休，但仍坚持发挥余热，待人友善，志愿搭载、接送大学生，并积极
帮助他们解决生活中遇到的难题。
21．A.linking B．sending C．offering D．distributing
C [根据下文中的在过去八年中他自愿开车搭载学生可知，他是给大学生主
动提供(offer)免费搭乘的。]
22．A.donating B．lending
C．delivering D．volunteering
D [根据上文他自愿给大学生提供免费搭载服务可知，这里是回顾他的第一
10/29
次自愿(volunteer)出车服务。]
23．A.paved B．covered
C．measured D．wandered
B [他开车接送学生已经行驶了(cover)惊人的 64 000 英里。cover 此处意为
“走完(一段路程)”。]
24．A.arguments B．interviews
C．negotiations D．conversations
D [根据下文可知他在驾驶途中会和学生交谈(conversation)，他会询问问题
并在下一次驾乘时核实答案。]
25．A.met B．driven
C．addressed D．greeted
B [结合上下文语境可知，此处谈论的是他所搭载过的(drive)学生已成长为
医师、教师和工程师。]
26．A.even B．ever
C．once D．already
A [根据上文中的“a role model and a friend”可知，有些学生把他当作榜样
或朋友，有些学生甚至(even)喊他“爷爷”。]
27．A.earned B．received
C．assessed D．demanded
B [老人帮助学生们，而 Tina 是接受(receive)过帮助的学生之一。]
28．A.transportation B．style
C．time D．communication
A [这里与上文中的 free rides 相呼应，用 free transportation。除免费搭乘(free
transportation)之外，对学生们而言，旅途中还有更多收获。]
29．A.forced B．awkward
C．ridiculous D．suspicious
B [这不仅仅是一次搭乘，你不只是在尴尬的(awkward)沉默中坐在那里或
戴上耳机。]
30．A.selects B．recites
C．guesses D．remembers
11/29
D [下次他会核实这些答案，说明他当时是记住(remember)了答案。]
31．A.act on B．settle on
C．check on D．agree on
C [他会记住他问的这些问题的答案，然后下次乘车时他会核实(check on)
答案。]
32．A.club B．league
C．college D．programme
D [由上文中的“a studentsupport programme”可知，此处填 programme。
这个项目(programme)要求成员只是提供搭载服务。]
33．A.far B．around
C．beyond D．forwards
C [go beyond 超越，根据上下文可知他所做的远远超出(go beyond)项目所
要求的。]
34．A.assist B．watch
C．urge D．warn
A [根据上文可知他不仅提供搭载服务，当学生遇到困难时，他也会帮助
(assist)他们。]
35．A.expects B．attempts
C．manages D．hesitates
D [根据上文语境可知，如果有学生饿了，他会毫不犹豫地(never hesitate)
给他们买饭。]
36．A.extra B．unusual
C．necessary D．adequate
C [根据下文可知这些帮助对于学生来说是很必要的(necessary)。]
37．A.share B．fuel
C．repair D．exchange
A [有些学生没有可靠的汽车，而有些学生不得不和父母共用一辆车，此处
用 share 和后面的 with 搭配。]
38．A.required B．allowed
C．reminded D．convinced
12/29
B [对于学生们而言，搭乘老人的车让他们能完成学业，allow sb. to do
sth.“允许某人做某事”。]
39．A.experience B．arrangement
C．appreciation D．employment
A [根据下文他爱驾驶也爱孩子们可知，老人觉得自己也从帮助学生的经历
(experience)中受益。]
40．A.effort B．ambition
C．privilege D．convenience
C [他觉得融入孩子们是一种荣幸(privilege)。和上文中的“he benefits just
as much from the experience”相呼应。]
1．casual adj. 随意的
2．tiny adj. 小的；少的
3．drive v. 驱赶
4．brighten v. 使闪亮；使快乐
5．fade v. 逐渐消失；消退；衰退
6．glance v. 一瞥；扫视；浏览
7．note v. 注意；留意
8．charming adj. 迷人的；有魅力的
9．intelligent adj. 聪明的；理解力强的
10．highlight v. 强调；突出；使显著
11．tease v. 取笑；戏弄
12．chapter n. 章；回
13．slide v. 滑动
14．consequence n. 结果；重要性
15．welfare n. 福利；幸福
16．registration n. 登记；注册
13/29
1．avoid vt.(故意)避开
2．neighborhood n. 街坊；街区
3．construct v. 建造；修建
4．transform vi.& vt.转化；转换；改造；变换
5．form vt.(使)组成；形成；构成
6．transport n．运送；运输 v．运输；运送
7．benefit v. 有益于；对……有益 n. 利益；好处
8．assist v. 帮助
9．privilege n. 荣幸；特权
1．admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→ admiration n．敬佩，钦佩；羡慕→admirable
adj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的
2．graduate vi.毕业 n．大学毕业生→ graduation n．毕业； 毕业典礼
3．create vt.创造；发明→creation n．创造(力)→creative adj.有创造力的
4．extend vt.延长→extension n．延伸；扩大
5．true adj.真实的→truly adv.真实地；真诚地；真正地→ truth n．真实；真
理
6．reason n. 理由；动机→reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的
→unreasonable adj. 不合理的；不切实际的
7．repeat v．重复→repeated adj. 反复的；再三的 →repeatedly adv. 反复地；
再三地；屡次地
8．count v. 数数；重要；认为→countless adj. 无数的；数不清的→countable
adj. 可数的；可计算的
9．rely vi.依赖；依靠→reliable adj.可依靠的；可依赖的
1．make it 成功；达到；赶上
14/29
2．make the best of 充分利用
3．a shade of 少许的；一丝
4．exhaust one's strength 耗尽某人的力量
5．ups and downs 起伏；沉浮
6．make it a point for... 对……特别注意
[即时演练]单句语法填空
1．In the ten years since he graduated from university with a finance degree，Bill
has become the chief administrator of a large branch.
2 ． The couple walked along the only path extending(extend) as far as the
riverside.
3 ． Up to now that country has transformed (transform)from a backward
agricultural country into an advanced industrial country.
4．You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request in the form of a question.
5 ． Over the past ten years, our country has made admirable (admire)
achievements in space exploration.
6．She's very creative(create)－she writes poetry and paints.
7．I'm truly(true) grateful for your helping me make my dream come true.
8．It is not how much you read but what you read that counts (count)．
9．You may rely on it that Tom will come and help us if we are faced with a
dilemma.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)
1．The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. 使平静下来
2．“Small doesn't mean weak, sir，” she defended herself.辩护；辩解
3 ． One day they will wake up and discover that everything they've always
known about windows is a lie. 醒悟
Ⅱ.似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)
1．My old brother couldn't be bothered to play with me.
[译文] 我哥哥懒得和我玩。
15/29
2 ． I quickly graduated from typical children's books to ones with fewer
pictures and longer chapters.
[译文] 我很快从看典型的儿童读物过渡到阅读图片少、章节长的书籍。
Ⅲ.复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)
1．If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon，I
could complete most of the project while you are at your desk.
[分析] 本句中 If 引导条件状语从句，从句使用了虚拟语气；主句中 while
引导时间状语从句。
[译文] 如果我把我的黏土带到这里，每天下午工作三个小时，我就能在
你办公的时候完成工程的大部分。
2．My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside，no matter
the weather or season.
[分析] 本句使用的句型为 make＋it(形式宾语)＋ n．(宾补)＋ for sb. to do，
My parents 为主语。no matter the weather or season 是让步状语。
[译文] 无论是什么天气或是什么季节，我父母都特意让两个孩子在户外玩
会儿。
3．I have a very strong fear that the lie we're telling is doing spiritual damage to
our children.
[分析] 本句是一个主从复合句。I have a very strong fear 是主句；that the lie
we're telling is doing spiritual damage to our children 是同位语从句；从句中 we're
telling 是省略引导词的定语从句，该定语从句修饰先行词 the lie。
[译文] 我非常害怕我们说的谎话会对我们的孩子造成精神上的伤害。
4．The students who he's driven have gone on to become physicians, teachers
and engineers, but what they' ve also got out of their time in school is finding a
role model and a friend in Wilson.
[分析] 本句是一个并列复合句，but 连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中 who
引导定语从句，修饰先行词 students; 第二个分句中 what 引导主语从句。
[译文] 他曾经开车载过的学生已经成了医师、教师和工程师，但是这些学
生也在他们的学生时代获得了威尔逊这样一位榜样和朋友。
16/29
1．favour(＝favor) n．帮助，恩惠；赞成；关心；喜爱 v．喜爱；偏袒；
赞成；支持；有利于
(1)ask sb.a favour＝ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙
do a favour for sb.＝do sb.a favour 给某人以恩惠；帮助某人
in favour of 支持，赞同
(2)favourable adj.赞成的；有利的
favourite adj.最喜爱的 n．特别喜爱的人(或事物)
win the teacher's favour 赢得老师的好感
fortune favours the bold/brave 天佑勇者
favour your proposal 赞成你的建议
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would
prefer to see him step aside in favour of younger men.
②Favourable(favour) policies are in effect to encourage employees'
professional development.
③On the Internet, people can seek information about their favourite (favour)stars
and buy tickets at a discount as well, which is both timesaving and economical.
[能力提升]－－词汇升级
①普通表达：I'd appreciate it if you could help me.
高级表达：I'd appreciate it if you could do me a favour/do a favour for me．
②普通表达：All the people present at the meeting agree to the plan.
高级表达：All the people present at the meeting are in favour of the plan.
2．figure n．画像；人物；身材；体形；数字 v．估计；计算；认为
(1)keep one's figure 保持体形
(2)figure out 想出；理解；弄明白；看透
17/29
figure on 期待；指望；依赖
figure in 把……列入计算/考虑范围
(3)figure that 认为；认定
[一词多义]－－写出下列句中 figure 的词性和含义
①Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and
people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961.n.数字
②As for my favorite figure in Chinese history，it must be Wei Yuan，a great
thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. n．人物
③I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years. n．体形
④Glancing round, he caught sight of a dark figure in the shadows.n.人影
⑤We figured the sensible thing to do was wait. vt.认为
[能力提升]－－完成句子
①如果你不理解某事，你可以研究、学习，和其他人交谈直到你弄明白。
If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other
people until you figure it out．
②别指望今年夏天出国， 因为我们可能负担不起旅行费用。
Don't figure on going abroad this summer；we may not be able to afford it.
3．intend v．想要；打算；意指
(1)intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事
intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事
be intended for...专为……而设计的；为……打算或设计的
be intended to... 目的是……
(2)had intended to do sth.本打算做某事但没有做成
(3)intention n．意图；目的；打算
with an/the intention of 打算……
had intended to give you a hand 本打算帮助你的
be intended for those with a background in management
专门为那些有管理背景的人设计的
with the intention of traveling in Africa 抱着去非洲旅行的目的
18/29
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①But when Dennis Williams received a text that clearly wasn't intended for him,
he did something special.
②The university is known for its language and culture courses intended(intend)
for international students.
③She had a firm intention(intend) within herself to be the best she could be.
[能力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：The program was set up and it was intended to help the homeless.
①高级表达：The program, which was intended to help the homeless，was set
up.(定语从句)
②高级表达：The program, intended to help the homeless，was set up.(过去分
词短语作定语)
③ 高 级 表 达 ： The program was set up with the intention of helping the
homeless．(intention)
4．bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n．[U]烦扰；[C]令人烦恼的事或人
(1)bother to do/doing sth.费心做某事
(2)bother sb.with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人
(3)It bothers sb.that/to do sth.使某人苦恼的是
(4)have bother (in) doing sth.做某事费力
bother yourself about/with small things 为琐事烦恼
bother her with my problems 让她为我的事操心
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students to talk over what is
bothering(bother) them.
②Don't bother getting/to get(get) dinner for me today. I'll eat out.
③I don't want to bother you about/with my problem. I am doing quite well.
[能力提升]－－句式升级
19/29
普通表达：Although I have been working hard, I can't keep up with others and
this bothers me greatly.
①高级表达：Although I have been working hard，it bothers me greatly that I
can't keep up with others.(it 作形式主语)
②高级表达：Although I have been working hard, what bothers me greatly is that
I can't keep up with others.(what 引导主语从句)
5．admit vt.& vi.容许；承认；接纳；容纳
(1)admit (doing/having done) sth.承认(做了) 某事
admit sb./sth.to be＋adj./n.承认……是……
(2)admit sb.into/to...允许某人进入/加入 ……
(3)admission n．准许进入； 入场费； 承认
admit all his mistakes 承认了他的全部错误
admit his guilt 认罪
an admission charge of $55 五十五美元的入场费
[金句推送] Liu Chuanjian, “China's Captain Sully”， was admitted to
Tsinghua University and majored in ENAC.
“中国机长”刘传健被清华大学录取并主修高级管理。
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①She apologised to me and admitted taking/having taken(take) my umbrella by
mistake.
②News came from the school office that Wang Lin had been admitted to/into
Peking University.
③Gaining admission(admit) to a key university is seen as a key to future success
for some parents.
[能力提升]－－句型转换
With so much evidence against her，Mary had to admit her mistake.
①With so much evidence against her，Mary had to admit making a mistake．
②With so much evidence against her，Mary had to admit that she had made a
20/29
mistake．
6．offer v．(主动)提出(愿意做某事)；提供；出价 n．出价；提供；提议
(1)offer to do sth.主动提出做某事
offer sb.sth.＝offer sth.to sb.向某人提供某物
(2)offer sb.money for sth.向某人出价购买某物
(3)make an offer to do sth.提议做某事
accept one's offer 接受某人的提议
offer to help him with his English study 主动帮助他学英语
offer our help and love to the people in need
给需要的人提供帮助和爱
accept his offer of a lift 接受了他让我搭车的提议
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect(collect) mail and
newspapers.
②A Toronto man is offering a free roundtheworld air ticket to the right woman.
[能力提升]－－完成句子/句式升级
它不仅给我提供了一个做有创意事情的机会，而且还是我快乐的源泉。
①普通表达：It not only offers me an opportunity to do something creative, but
also it provides me with a source of pleasure.
②高级表达：Not only does it offer me an opportunity to do something creative,
but also it provides me with a source of pleasure.(部分倒装)
[联想发散] “向某人提供某物”的常见短语还有：supply sb.with sth.＝
supply sth.to sb.；provide sb.with sth.＝provide sth.for sb.等。
1．My brother，of course，raced off to be with his friends，while I had plenty
to do myself.
当然，我的哥哥跑到他的朋友们那里去了，而我自己也有很多事情要做
[句型公式] 本句是一个并列句，句中的 while 作并列连词，意为“但是，
21/29
然而”，表示前后两种情况的对比。
(1)while 引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”。
(2)while 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，一般放在句首，相当于
although。
(3)while 用作名词，表示“一会儿”。常见短语：after a while 过了一会儿；
in a short while 一会儿以后；once in a while 偶尔，间或。
[名师点津] 作“然而”讲时，while 不能放在句子前面。 while 和 but 有所
不同，while 用于对比，but 表示转折；当同一个主语时应用 but，不用 while 表
示转折。
[金句 推送] It is said that body language accounts for 55 percent of a first
impression while what you say just 7 percent.
据说肢体语言占第一印象的 55%，而你所说的话只占 7%。
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①He arrived while we were having dinner so he waited for a while.
②While/Although/Though there are many positive developments associated
with the Internet, there are also certain fears and concerns.
③Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years, while
rice has increased only 7 percent.
[能力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：On the farm, we helped pick watermelons. While we were working,
we realised how hard it was to work in the fields in the hot sun.
高级 表 达 ： On the farm, we helped pick watermelons. While working ， we
realised how hard it was to work in the fields in the hot sun．(状语从句的省略)
2 ． For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also
entirely necessary for them to be able to complete their college education.
对于许多学生来说，他们不仅都非常感激 Wilson 提供的帮助，而且这对他
们能够完成学业是完全有必要的。
[句型公式] not only ...but also ...连接两个句子，意为“不但……而且……”
(1)not only ... but also ...连接的并列成分应保持一致；
(2)连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数应遵循就近原则；
22/29
(3)连接两个句子且 not only 位于句首时，not only 引导的句子要采用部分倒
装的形式；
(4)not only ... but also ...中的 also 或者 but 有时可以省略，但不能同时把这两
个词都省略。
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①Not only my parents but also my brother is (be) coming to the party.
②Not only did he turn up late, he also forgot his books.
③Mary can not only sing but also dance(dance)．
[能力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：Exercise not only improves our health but also it makes us cheerful
and raises our learning efficiency.
高 级 表 达 ： Not only does exercise improve our health but also it makes us
cheerful and raises our learning efficiency.(倒装句式)
夯基固本·知识落实
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Why bother going/to go (go) abroad to study when there are so many good
universities at home?
2．With the extension(extend)of their business，they need more workers.
3．He had intended (intend)to go, but on second thoughts, he gave up the idea.
4．He offered (offer)to lend me his new car but I refused, for I didn't want to
trouble him.
5．Not only John and Tom but also their sister, Mary, takes (take) great interest in
the piano lessons.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．The present situation is very complex，so I think it will take me some time to
figure out its reality.
2．Some people attach great importance to the environmental protection while
others ignore it.
23/29
3 ． Never take it for granted that once you are admitted to/into a famous
university you will surely succeed in life.
4．There was a shade of humor in his voice.
5．Could you do a favour for me and turn off that light?
强技提能·知识应用
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2020·贵阳市四校联合考试四)There are always some unforgettable things in
one's life.And indeed ， my most unforgettable experience happened after my
graduation.
“Everything happens for the best ”， my mother said whenever I faced
1 ．“If you 2 on，something good will happen some day.”Mother was right，
as I 3 after graduating from college.I 4 to be a sports announcer.So I went to
Chicago to knock on the door of every station and was 5 every time.In one
station，a kind lady told me that 6 stations wouldn't employ a person without
7 ．“Since you have just graduated，find a small station that might give you a
chance，” she said.
I returned to Dixon，where I had finished my high school education and had 8
for the school football team.My father said that our town had built a store and wanted
a man to 9 its sports department.The job sounded just 10 for me but I wasn't
hired.
My disappointment had 11 again.“Everything happens for the best.”Mom
12 me.Dad lent me his car to look for a job.I tried WOC in Davenport.The program
director told me 13 had already hired a(n) 14 ．As I left his office，I asked
aloud，“ 15 can a fellow get to be a sports announcer if he can't get a job in a
radio station？” Suddenly，I heard the director 16 ，“Do you know anything
about football？” Then he made me stand before a microphone and asked me to 17
an imaginary game.It was easy，and I did it without 18 ．The director was 19
and told me I would be broadcasting a game on the 20 Saturday.
【语篇解读】 我的母亲总是对我说，一切都会好起来的。我大学毕业后想
做一名体育运动广播员，可是由于没有工作经验，我四处碰壁。在达文波特 WOC
电台求职时，主管终于给了我一次试播的机会，我一举成功。
24/29
1．A.disappointment B．excitement
C．encouragement D．sadness
A [根据下文中的“My disappointment”并结合语境可知，此处表示在我面
临失望时，我的妈妈总是安慰我说，一切都会好起来的，如果你继续坚持，终有
一天好事会发生。]
2．A.put B．take
C．move D．carry
D [参见上题解析。carry on 为固定搭配，意为“继续做，坚持干”。]
3．A.recovered B．discovered
C．recognized D．developed
B [根据该句中的“Mother was right”和下文我求职四处碰壁而终获成功可
知，在我大学毕业后我发现(discovered)妈妈的话是对的。]
4．A.started B．determined
C．seemed D．agreed
B [根据语境和空后一句表述的我为此四处求职可知，我决心做一名体育运
动广播员。]
5．A.invited B．promised
C．turned down D．turned up
C [根据下文中的“you have just graduated，find a small station”可知，大
的电台不招聘没有经验的人，据此可推知，我去芝加哥每一个电台求职，但每次
都被拒绝了；C 项意为“拒绝”，故 C 项正确。]
6．A.large B．all
C．no D．small
A [参见上题解析。]
7．A.experience B．examination
C．agreement D．graduation
A [参见第 5 题解析。 ]
8．A.played B．sought
C．voted D．fought
A [根据该句中的“for the school football team”可知，我加入校足球队参赛；
25/29
play 意为“参加比赛”，故 A 项正确。]
9．A.own B．manage
C．report D．enter
B [根据语境可知，我父亲说我们镇上建了一家百货商店，想要一个人来管
理它的体育部。]
10．A.right B．possible
C．successful D．important
A [根据该句中的“but I wasn't hired”并结合语境可知，这项工作听起来
很适合我，但是我还是没被录用；A 项意为“合适的”，符合语境，故 A 项正确。]
11．A.shown B．disappeared
C．resulted D．turned
A [根据上文我没有被录用可知，我又面临失望了。A 项意为“显示出，流
露出”，符合语境，故 A 项正确。]
12．A.woke B．advised
C．demanded D．reminded
D [根据语境可知，当我失望时，妈妈提醒(reminded)我说，一切都会好起
来的。]
13．A.our B．they
C．we D．she
B [根据语境并结合上文中的“WOC in Davenport”可知，达文波特 WOC
电台的节目主管告诉我说他们已经聘用了一个广播员，故 B 项正确。]
14．A.announcer B．director
C．manager D．sportsman
A [根据第二段及空后一句中的“a sports announcer”可推知，此处指广播
员，故 A 项正确。 ]
15．A.What B．How
C．Whenever D．Wherever
B [根据语境可知，在我离开时，我大声问道，一个在广播电台找不到工作
的家伙怎样才能成为体育运动广播员。故 B 项正确。]
16．A.calling B．answering
26/29
C．broadcasting D．announcing
A [根据上文中的“I asked aloud”，并结合该句中的“Suddenly，I heard the
director”可知，针对我大声地提问，主管大声说，“你了解足球吗？”A 项意为
“大声说”，符合语境，故 A 项正确。]
17．A.make B．act
C．broadcast D．play
C [根据该句中的“Then he made me stand before a microphone”可推知，然
后他让我站到麦克风前广播一场想象中的比赛。C 项意为“广播”，故 C 项正确。]
18．A.permission B．difficulty
C．doubt D．consideration
B [根据该句中的“It was easy”可推知，广播一场想象中的比赛对于我来
说没有困难。]
19．A.moved B．sorry
C．thankful D．satisfied
D [根据该句中的“and told me I would be broadcasting a game”可推知，主
管对我的表现感到满意，让我在下周六广播一场比赛。]
20．A.future B．coming
C．last D．late
B [参见上题解析。B 项意为“即将发生的，下一个的”，故 B 项正确。]
Ⅱ.语法填空
“Nothing can make our lives ， or the lives of other people ， more
1.________(please) than kindness.” I remembered the sentence again after practicing
a small act.
Just inside the entrance of a building today I saw a woman 2.________(seat) in a
wheelchair in front of me. Not 3.________a hurry，I didn't want to disturb her so I
stayed behind. She asked me to push the button for the lift after being aware of my
4.________(present)．Walking by her to the lift，I pressed the button and the lift came
immediately. She asked me to hold the lift as it would take her some time
5.________(walk) that short distance.
I was more than glad to do this，but panic 6.________(rise) inside me at the same
27/29
time. The “open”and “close”symbols on many lifts often don't have the 7._____
(word) “open” and “close” and I often press the wrong button. 8.________
(thankful) besides the symbol，it also said open，so I was able to press the correct
button and told her to take her time getting on. I didn't press the close button
9.________she steadied herself in the lift.
She thanked me and I wished her a blessed day. As 10.________matter of fact，
the process took me only five minutes but I felt warm inside afterwards.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了主人公坐电梯时帮一位坐轮椅的
女士按电梯按钮，并让电梯门开着等她上电梯的故事。
1．pleasant [考查词性转换。没有什么比善良能使我们的生活或其他人的
生活更愉快的。根据句意可知，空处应填形容词 pleasant“令人愉快的”。]
2．seated [考查非谓语动词。本空提示词 seat 是使役动词，表示“使坐下”，
这里用过去分词作宾补表示状态。]
3．in [考查介词。这里用短语 in a hurry 表示“赶时间”，因此本空填介词
in。]
4．presence [考查词性转换。根据前面的 my 可知，这里填提示词的名词
形式 presence，其作宾语表示“在场”。]
5．to walk [考查非谓语动词。从句子结构看，句中为固定句式 it takes
sb.some time to do sth.，因此填动词不定式。]
6．rose [考查时态。与全文的叙述一致，这里讲述过去发生的事，应用一
般过去时。]
7．words [考查名词的单复数。根据后面的“open”“close”可知，此处
指两个单词，故用 word 的复数形式。]
8．Thankfully [考查词性转换。这里用提示词的副词形式作状语表示“幸
好，幸亏”。]
9．until [考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句是 not...until...句型，表
示“直到……才……”。]
10．a [考查冠词。as a matter of fact“事实上”，为固定结构，故填不定冠
词 a。]
28/29
话题写作
Step 1.写作要点(根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子)
①不久前的一天，一个偏远地区遭遇了洪灾。
The other day, a remote area was hit by floods.
②很多人为困境中的人们捐款。
Many people donated money to the people in need．
③很多志愿者也参与到救援工作中。
Many volunteers also participated in the rescue work.
④他们认为做志愿工作是一件非常有意义的事。
They think that doing voluntary work is a very meaningful thing．
⑤还有些人为他们购买了必需品。
Some other people purchased necessities for them.
⑥衣服和毯子很快被分发给了灾区的人们。
Clothes and blankets were distributed to the people in the disaster area.
⑦很多医生也被派去给伤者做手术。
Many doctors were also sent to operate on the injured.
⑧事实上，大家都渴望为他们做点什么。
Actually, everyone was dying to do something for them.
Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
①用定语从句升级句②
Many people donated money to the people who were in need.
②用“not only...but also...”倒装结构合并升级⑥⑦句
Not only were clothes and blankets distributed to the people in the disaster area,
but many doctors were also sent to operate on the injured.
Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
The other day, a remote area was hit by floods. Many people donated money to
the people who were in need and many volunteers also participated in the rescue
work because they think that doing voluntary work is a very meaningful thing.Some
other people purchased necessities for them. Not only were clothes and blankets
29/29
distributed to the people in the disaster area, but many doctors were also sent to
operate on the injured. Actually, everyone was dying to do something for them.
微信/支付宝扫码支付