1/29
主题群一 生活与学习
主题语境(一) 个人、家庭、社区及学校生
活
编排说明：
每个主题语境中所讲解的内容，包括单词、短语、句子，全部摘自前面的高
考试题文本。在“五年高考真题重做”栏目中，对这些单词、短语、句子在文本
中进行了加黑或加下画线处理。
阅读理解
A (2020·天津 5 月卷·A)
2/29
Your student ID card identifies you as a student at the University of Bolton.
It will provide you with access to University facilities such as University Libraries，
the Sports Centre，and Computing Services. Please carry your card with you at
all times. Do not lose your card or lend it to others. Your card is valid during
the whole time of your studies. It remains the property (财产) of the University
of Bolton at all times.
New students－Photographs
You will be requested to upload a passport sized photograph as part of the
online registration process. This should be a .jpg file with a size of no more than
1 MB. Your photograph should be a portrait image in proportion (比例)to a 6
“×4” portrait photograph. It should be taken in colour and must not have been
beautified with image filters (滤光镜)．
Your student ID card will be provided for you by your department during
Welcome Week. Please be aware that you will not receive this smart card during
Welcome Week if you do not upload your image online by 4 September 2020.
Replacement cards
If your student ID card no longer works or has been damaged，or if you have
changed your personal or programme details，you should call into the Student
Administration Centre (SAC) to request a new one. Please ensure that you bring
your existing card with you. Your replacement card will be produced free of charge.
If your card has been reported to the Police as stolen，please also call into
the SAC to request a replacement，bringing with you a copy of your Police Crime
Report paperwork. Your card will be produced free of charge.
If your card has been lost，a fee of ￡ 5 is charged for the production of
a replacement card. You are requested to use our online payment service.
Note：Replacement cards will be available for you to collect seven working
days after making the request. As a security measure，you are requested to collect
your card in person at the SAC.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了波尔顿大学学生证的作用以
及办理或者更换学生证的相关事项。
3/29
1．Which of the following is a function of the student ID card?
A．To remind students to protect public property.
B．To enable students to use resources in the library.
C．To help students demonstrate their computer skills.
D．To provide information about campus facilities.
B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It will provide you with access to
University facilities such as University Libraries，the Sports Centre，and Computing
Services.”可知，学生证的作用是让学生可以使用校内诸如图书馆、运动中心以
及数据处理服务之类的设施，故 B 项正确。]
2．To meet the requirements of the photograph on the student ID card，a new
student should upload______．
A．an image saved as a PDF file
B．a colour picture of their passport
C．a photo beautified by a photographer
D．a portrait photograph of proper proportion
D [ 细 节理 解题 。根 据 New students－ Photographs 部 分中 的 “Your
photograph should be a portrait image in proportion(比例)to a 6 ”×4“ portrait
photograph.”可知，学生证上的照片应为长 6 英寸宽 4 英寸的肖像照，故 D 项
正确。]
3．In which case does a student have to pay for the replacement of the student
ID card?
A．The theft of the card has been officially proved.
B．The card holder has changed his or her major.
C．The card dropped off into a lake by accident.
D．The card fails to work properly.
C [细节理解题。根据“Replacement cards”部分中的“If your card has
been lost，a fee of ￡ 5 is charged for the production of a replacement card.You
are requested to use our online payment service.”可知，如果学生证丢失了，
在更换时就需要支付 5 英镑的工本费，而 C 项中的“不小心掉入湖中”是丢失
的一种情况，故 C 项正确。]
4/29
4．To collect your replacement card，you should______．
A．fetch it at the SAC personally
B．go through a security check first
C．call the police station in advance
D．wait for seven days before getting it
A [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Replacement cards will be available
for you to collect seven working days after making the request.As a security measure，
you are requested to collect your card in person at the SAC.”可知，要领取更
换后的学生证，学生需要在提出更换请求七个工作日后亲自到 SAC 领取，故 A
项正确。]
B (2019·天津卷·A)
History Fair Competition
Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as
a nation. History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long
past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton
Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting，
engaging，and fun!
This Year's Theme
All participants must address how communication or transportation technology
has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people，
technology means computers，handheld devices，or vehicles that travel to distant
planets. However，technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to
solve a problem，touching lives in countless ways.
Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories：
·Performance
·Documentary(纪实作品)
·Essay Writing
Category Requirements
Performance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes
long. If special clothes are used，they should truly represent a given period.
5/29
Documentary: A visual presentation(such as a video，slide show，or computer
project)no more than 10 minutes long. A desktop computer，screen，projector，
and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on
CDs before Friday，March 23.
Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2 ， 000 to 2 ， 500 words. No
illustrations(图解)are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references
must be included.
Important Dates
January 5 Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher.The teacher may
require a second proposal if the first is offtopic or unclear.
February 5 Submit a first draft of your essay，performance script(剧本)，
or documentary highlights.
February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions.
Students then have an opportunity to improve their products.
March 9 Submit a final draft of your essay.
March 15 Performance and documentary committee preview
March 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition
7：00 A．M.－9：00 A．M.
Participants signing in at the gym
10：00 A．M. －6：00 P．M.
Competition and judges' review
7：00 P．M. Awards ceremony and picnic
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。短文介绍了桑顿中学举办的历史展览竞
赛的相关信息。
5．According to Paragraph 1，what is the major goal of understanding history?
A．To preserve national traditions.
B．To prepare for a history competition.
C．To better know the present and future.
D．To further explore historical mysteries.
C [细节理解题。由第一段中的“It is an essential part of who we are today
6/29
and who we will become.”可知，历史告诉了今天我们是谁，将来我们要成为
谁，它是我们重要的组成部分。所以根据第一段，了解历史的主要目的是更好地
了解现在和未来。故 C 选项正确。]
6．What is the theme of this year's competition?
A．Technology advances science.
B．Science interacts with technology.
C．Science has made the study of history easy.
D．Technology has improved the life of Americans.
D [细节理解题。由 This Year's Theme 中的“All participants must address
how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life
for Americans throughout history. ”可知，所有的参与者都必须要说明通信或
运输技术在整个历史过程中如何提高了美国人的生活质量。所以今年竞赛的主题
是：技术提高了美国人的生活。故 D 选项正确。]
7．Among the items provided by the school for a visual presentation are______．
A．special clothes and a screen
B．a desktop computer and a CD
C．a projector and special clothes
D．a desktop computer and loudspeakers
D [细节理解题。由 Documentary 中的“A desktop computer, screen，
projector，and loudspeaker will be available.”可知，将提供台式电脑、屏幕、
投影仪和扬声器。所以学校提供的视觉展示设备包括台式电脑和扬声器。故 D
选项正确。]
8．What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1，500 words to
meet the category requirement?
A．Include more information in the essay.
B．Remove the references.
C．Provide a cover for the essay.
D．Explain the details with illustrations.
A [推理判断题。本题采用排除法。由 Essay Writing 中的“An academic
paper of 2，000 to 2，500 words.No illustrations (图解) are allowed. Please do
7/29
not include covers. A list of references must be included.”可知，要求一份 2 000
至 2 500 字的学术论文。不允许有插图。不要封面。必须包括一份参考文献列表。
所以通过排除法，可以看出 B，C，D 选项都被排除，故一个参与者需要在文章
中增加更多的相关信息才能使一篇 1 500 字的论文满足类别要求。故 A 选项正
确。]
9．What will the committee of teachers do on February 19?
A．Preview performances and documentaries.
B．Make comments on the materials.
C．Improve the participant's first draft.
D．Collect a second proposal from the participant.
B [细节理解题。由 Important Dates 中的“February 19 A committee of
teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions.”可知，2 月 19 日，教师委
员会将对材料进行评估并发表意见。所以在 2 月 19 日，教师委员会将对材料做
出评论。故 B 选项正确。]
完形填空
A (2020·天津 5 月卷)
For the past ten years，my dad and I have attended the same school－he as
an administrator and I as a student. Our relationship, in and out of school，
has been totally unpredictable.
When I was younger，all that my dad said was doctrine (信条) and anything
he did I， 1 ，copied. We played games together，and stayed up late reading
bedtime stories. I could 2 my dad taking me to school，running into him 3
during the day and riding home with him every afternoon.
As I grew older，we were not as 4 as we used to be. He wasn't cool
any more.He wore his socks too high，listened to 5 country music and laughed
too loudly in front of my friends. He became a total embarrassment.
However，the 6 that occurred in school were even worse. The worst one
happened in seventh grade. My dad came to our New Year party， 7 as Donald
Duck，guitar in hand，singing silly songs. Just kill me! I wanted to run away.
This 8 continued into high school，but we somehow began to find a
8/29
balance. Things started to 9 around the time of my 10thgrade physics
project.The 10 was to build a wood bridge with the best strengthtoweight
ratio (比率)．All the students and physics teachers 11 ．So did my dad，the
only administrator! Embarrassed，as usual，I 12 the scene. 13 ，later when
I learned from my friends that my dad 14 all competitors and won everyone's
admiration，I found that mixed in with my 15 was a touch of pride.
I had needed someone else to show me what I 16 in my dad. It wasn't
the fact that he'd won; it was more than that. I began to 17 that we have
many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions. No matter how much
I had tried to 18 him，he still influenced me.
I feel 19 to have such an unusual father.The 20 I have developed
with my dad over the years has enabled me to look back and see how I've grown.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者对父亲的情感变化。
1．A．temporarily B．naturally
C．originally D．passively
B [根据空前的“all that my dad said was doctrine(信条)”可知，作者小
时候，父亲说的所有话都被作者当作信条，因此父亲做什么他也就自然而然地模
仿做什么，故选 B。]
2．A．apply to B．count on
C．see off D．pick out
B [根据空后的“my dad taking me to school”并结合上文语境可知，作
者和父亲在同一所学校，所以作者依靠父亲带他去上学。count on sb. doing
sth.“指望/依靠某人做某事”。故选 B。]
3．A．gradually B．previously
C．regularly D．eventually
C [第一段交代作者和父亲在同一所学校，那么根据空后的“during the
day”不难推出，他们两个白天在学校经常见面。故选 C。]
4．A．close B．reliable C．generous D．confident
A [根据第二段的描述，尤其是“We played games together，and stayed up
late reading bedtime stories.”及下文的内容可知，作者小时候和父亲关系密切，
9/29
但是随着作者年龄的增长，他们就不像过去那么亲密了。故选 A。]
5．A．creative B．familiar
C．horrible D．live
C [根据空前的“He wasn't cool any more” “too high”和空后的“too
loudly”“He became a total embarrassment.”可知，作者长大一点后，父亲做
什么作者都看不惯了，那么他听的乡村音乐对作者来说自然也就很糟糕了。故选
C。]
6．A．failures B．coincidences
C．competitions D．disasters
D [根据空后的“The worst one happened in seventh grade...singing silly
songs.Just kill me！I wanted to run away.”可知，作者父亲在新年晚会上唱歌
的表现简直让作者无地自容，因此这对作者来说就像是“灾难”。故选 D。]
7．A．dressed up B．broken down
C．settled down D．signed up
A [根据空后的“as Donald Duck”可知，作者父亲在晚会上装扮成唐老
鸭。dress up“装扮”，符合语境。故选 A。]
8．A．debate B．party C．progress D．struggle
D [此处指的是父亲让作者在朋友面前丢脸，作者也因为有这样的父亲而
感到尴尬，这简直是在“挣扎”。故选 D。]
9．A．happen B．change C．grow D．disappear
B [根据空前的“but we somehow began to find a balance”及下文的内
容可知，事情开始发生变化。故选 B。]
10．A．issue B．task C．lesson D．procedure
B [根据空前的“physics project”及空后的“to build a wood bridge with
the best strengthtoweight ratio(比率)”“all competitors”可知，这次比赛的任
务是建造一座拥有最佳强度重量比的木桥。故选 B。]
11．A．participated B．protested
C．hesitated D．explored
A [根据空后的“So did my dad” “my dad______ all competitors and won
everyone's admiration”可知，所有学生和物理老师都参加了该物理项目。故选
10/29
A。]
12．A．fled B．investigated
C．pictured D．made
A [根据空前的“Embarrassed，as usual”及第四段最后一句“I wanted to
run away.”可知，作者逃离了比赛现场。故选 A。]
13．A．Instead B．Otherwise
C．Therefore D．However
D [ 下 文 中 的 “my dad ______ all competitors and won everyone's
admiration”表明，此处陈述的内容与前文的负面描述形成鲜明对比，因此用
However 表转折。故选 D。]
14．A．convinced B．defeated
C．ignored D．evaluated
B [根据空后的“won everyone's admiration”可知，作者的父亲打败了所
有竞争者，并赢得了大家的赞赏。故选 B。]
15．A．confusion B．encouragement
C．embarrassment D．fascination
C [此处是完全倒装句，正常语序为“a touch of pride was mixed in with
my______”。前文提到过父亲曾让作者感到很尴尬，所以面对父亲的胜利，作者
的心情应该是很复杂的，既尴尬又自豪。故选 C。]
16．A．recommended B．tolerated
C．doubted D．appreciated
D [根据空后的“It wasn't the fact that he'd won；it was more than
that...influenced me.”可知，此处指作者需要别人向他指明他欣赏父亲身上的什
么品质。故选 D。]
17．A．recognize B．demand
C．argue D．estimate
A [空后的内容表明，作者开始意识到他与父亲其实有很多相同的价值观，
有时也有着相同的观点。故选 A。]
18．A．approach B．limit
C．resist D．believe
11/29
C [句中的“No matter how much”和“still”凸显出逗号前后内容的强烈
反差。再根据前文描述可知，父亲曾经让作者感到非常尴尬，因此作者对父亲曾
一直有抵触情绪。故选 C。]
19．A．puzzled B．fortunate
C．concerned D．awkward
B [文章发展至此，作者对父亲的态度其实已经好转，所以作者应该认为
有这么一位不寻常的父亲是幸运的。故选 B。]
20．A．strategy B．habit
C．relationship D．potential
C [根据空后的“I have developed with my dad over the years”可知，
作者与父亲数年来的关系使他能够回顾以往并看到自己的成长。relationship 在此
处复现，与第一段首尾呼应。故选 C。]
B (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)
When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person，
we usually say “sorry， 21 number！”and move on. But when Dennis Williams
22 a text that clearly wasn't intended for him，he did something 23 ．
On March 19，Dennis got a group text 24 him that a couple he didn't
know were at the hospital，waiting for the 25 of a baby.
“Congratulations！But I think someone was mistaken，”Dennis 26 ．The
baby was born and update texts were 27 quickly from the overjoyed
grandmother，Teresa. In her 28 ，she didn't seem to realize that she was 29
the baby's photos with a complete stranger. “Well，I don't 30 you all but
I will get there to take pictures with the baby，”replied Dennis before asking which
room the new 31 were in.
Much to the family's surprise，Dennis stuck to his 32 ！He turned up
at the hospital 33 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.
Lindsey's husband was totally 34 by the unexpected visit. “I don't think we
would have randomly invited him over but we 35 it and the gifts．”
Teresa 36 a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website
37 by the touching words：“What a 38 this young man was to our family！
12/29
He was so 39 and kind to do this.” The post has since gained the 40
of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184，000 shares
and 61，500 likes in just three days.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了主人公丹尼斯收到陌生人发
来的信息后做了不同寻常的事以及他的所作所为对别人产生的影响。
21．A．unlucky B．secret C．new D．wrong
D [根据上文中的“When most of us get a text message on our cell phone
from an unknown person”和“sorry”可知，此处表示“错误的号码”，所填词
的词义与“unknown”是同一范畴，故选 wrong“错误的”。]
22．A．received B．translated
C．copied D．printed
A [根据上文中的“get a text message”可知，此处所填词的词义与“get”
相同，故选 received，意为“收到”。]
23．A．reasonable B．special
C．necessary D．practical
B [根据句中的“But”及下文内容可知，Dennis 所做的事有别于常人，故
选 special。]
24．A．convincing B．reminding
C．informing D．warning
C [根据语境可知，手机短信告诉(inform)他一对夫妇正在医院等待孩子的
出生。]
25．A．wakeup B．recovery
C．growth D．arrival
D [根据第 26 空后的“The baby was born and...”可知，此处填入的词在
语义上应与“born”一致，故选 arrival。]
26．A．responded B．interrupted
C．predicted D．repeated
A [根据“Congratulations！But I think someone was mistaken”可知，此
处是 Dennis 回复的短信内容，故选 responded“回复”。]
27．A．coming in B．setting out
13/29
C．passing down D．moving around
A [根据语境可知，Dennis 又收到了更新的短信，此处表示短信又“进入”
了手机，故选 coming in。]
28．A．opinion B．anxiety
C．excitement D．effort
C [根据上文中的“The baby was born and...the overjoyed grandmother，
Teresa.”可知，此处填入的词应与“overjoyed(欣喜若狂的)”在语义范畴上一致，
故选 excitement。]
29．A．comparing B．exchanging
C．discussing D．sharing
D [根据语境可知，此处表示 Teresa 似乎没意识到她正在和一个陌生人分
享(share)婴儿的照片。]
30．A．accept B．know
C．believe D．bother
B [根据上下文语境可知，此处表示虽然我不认识(know)你们，但我会来
医院和小婴儿拍合影。]
31．A．parents B．doctors
C．patients D．visitors
A [此处表示 Dennis 没有问这对新手父母在哪个房间，故选 parents。]
32．A．dream B．promise
C．agenda D．principle
B [根据下文中的“He turned up at the hospital...the unexpected visit.”可
知，Dennis 履行了他的承诺(promise)，他带着(bear)礼物去看了那位妈妈 Lindsey
和她的宝宝。]
33．A．bearing B．collecting
C．opening D．making
A [参见上题解析。]
34．A．discouraged B．relaxed
C．astonished D．defeated
C [Lindsey 的丈夫对 Dennis 突如其来的到访感到震惊(astonished)。]
14/29
35．A．admit B．need
C．appreciate D．expect
C [Dennis 的到访虽然出乎他们的意料，但他们对此还是非常感激
(appreciate)的。]
36．A．found B．selected
C．developed D．posted
D [根据本段最后一句中的“The post has since gained...”可知，此处指
Teresa 在社交网站上发布(post)了一张照片。]
37．A．confirmed B．simplified
C．clarified D．accompanied
D [根据语境可知，Teresa 在发布照片的同时，还附上(accompany)了感人
的话语。]
38．A．pity B．blessing
C．relief D．problem
B [这个年轻人(的到来)对我们家来说就是一种祝福(blessing)。]
39．A．smart B．calm
C．sweet D．fair
C [根据语境可知，此处填入的词应与其后的“kind”在语义范畴上保持一
致，故选 sweet(善良的，好心的)。]
40．A．sympathy B．attention
C．control D．trust
B [根据下文中的“receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61，500 likes
in just three days”可知，帖子引起了全世界社交媒体用户的关注(attention)。]
1．facility n. 设施；设备
2．valid adj.有效的
3．upload v. 上传
4．image n. 形象；印象；影像
15/29
5．security n. 安全；保证
6．function n. 功能 v. 起作用；运转
7．file n. 文件夹；文件
v. 提出(申请)；送交(备案)
8．vital adj. 至关重要的
9．essential adj. 基本的；必要的
10．submit v. 提交
11．draft n. 草稿
12．administrator n. (公司、机构的)管理人员，行政人员
13．flee v. (fled/fled)
迅速离开；(尤指害怕有危险而)逃避，逃跑
14．defeat v．&n. 击败；战胜
15．overjoyed adj. 狂喜的
16．blessing n. 祝福；赐福
1．major adj. 主要的；重要的 n. (大学里的)主修科目；
主修(某科目的)学生 v. 主修；主攻
2．opportunity n. 机会
3．participate v. 参加；参与
4．struggle n．& v. 挣扎；斗争；努力
5．mistaken adj. 错误的；被误解的
6．update v．更新；矫正
7．inform v. 告知；通知
1．sure adj. 肯定的；有把握的→ensure v. 保证；确保
2．able adj. 有能力的 →enable v. 使能够；使成为可能→disable v．使伤残
16/29
3．compete v. 竞争；对抗；参加比赛→ competition n. 竞争；比赛→
competitor n．竞争者；对手→ competitive adj. 竞争性的；有竞争力的；好强
的
4．apply v. 应用；申请；敷；涂→application n. 应用；应用程序；申请；
投入
5．perform v. 做；履行；执行；表演；演出；表现；运转→performance n.
表演；演出；表现；业绩→performer n. 表演者；执行者
6．true adj. 真实的；正确的→ truly adv.真诚地；确实
7．predict v．预言；预告 → predictable adj. 可预见的；意料之中的
→unpredictable adj. 不可预知的；出乎意料的
8．fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉祥的→fortune n. 财富；命运；运气→ misfortune
n．不幸；厄运
9．astonish v. 使惊讶 →astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的→astonished adj. 吃惊
的→astonishment n. 惊讶；令人惊讶的事物
1．free of charge 免费
2．make comments on 发表评论
3．count on 依靠；指望
4．dress up 盛装打扮
5．stick to one's promise 信守诺言
[即时演练]单句语法填空
1．All forms of recreation will be provided free of charge by the city.
2．He impressed us deeply with his performance (perform) at the concert.
3．Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary
and astonishing (astonish) ways.
4．I was fortunate (fortune) enough to stand out in the interview.
5．Even though he had won 106 gold medals in major competitions (competition)
17/29
across the world, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed.
6．It is bad manners to laugh at disabled people. Most of us may end up
in disability (ability)one day.
7．We need to apply for planning permission to build a garage.
8．In response (respond)to the audience's great demand, the play will be put
on in the theatre twice a week.
9．Such people always stick to their views，even if it means that they may
get into trouble.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)
1．If your card has been lost, a fee of ￡5 is charged for the production
of a replacement card. 收费
2 ． All participants must address how communication or transportation
technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history.
说明；论证
3．Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website
accompanied by the touching words...偶然的
Ⅱ.似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)
1．History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events
long past.
[译文] 历史远不止是对布满灰尘的老物件和久远年代的大事件的研究。
2．However, later when I learned from my friends that my dad defeated all
competitors and won everyone's admiration, I found that mixed in with my
embarrassment was a touch of pride.
[译文] 然而，当我后来从朋友那里得知，我的父亲击败了所有的对手，赢
得了所有人的钦佩，我发现在我的尴尬中夹杂着一丝骄傲。
Ⅲ.复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)
1．It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become.
[分析] 本句含有两个宾语从句，注意时态的区别，who we are today 为一
18/29
般现在时，who we will become 为一般将来时。
[译文] 它是我们今天是谁和我们将成为谁的重要组成部分。
2．When I was younger, all that my dad said was doctrine and anything he
did I, naturally, copied.
[分析] 本句是一个复合句。When I was younger 为时间状语从句；主句
是由 and 连接的并列句。第一个分句中，that my dad said 为定语从句修饰主语
all；第二个分句中，he did 为定语从句修饰主语 anything；naturally 为插入语。
[译文] 我小时候，父亲说的话都被当作信条，因此无论他做什么，我也就
很自然地进行效仿。
3．I don't think we would have randomly invited him over but we appreciate
it and the gifts.
[分析] 本句是一个复合句。第一个分句是否定前置句，would have
randomly invited him over 意为“原本无意邀请……”，是虚拟语气。
[译文] 我想我们本无意邀请他来，但对他的到来和送的礼物我们依然心存
感激。
4．The post has since gained the attention of social media users all over the
world, receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61，500 likes in just three days.
[分析] 本句是一个简单句。receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61，
500 likes in just three days 在句中作结果状语。
[译文] 这个帖子引起了全世界社交媒体用户的关注，仅在三天内就获得了
超过 18.4 万次转发和 6.15 万个点赞。
1．access n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性；进入(使用)的权利或机会 vt.
使用；接近；进入
(1)access to...……的通路；利用……的权利
have/get/obtain access to 使用/接近……的权利或机会
(2)accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的
19/29
be accessible to 易接近的；能进入的
the only access to the village 通往村子的唯一道路
have no access to clean drinking water 喝不到干净的饮用水
access the Internet 访问互联网
[名师点津] access 作名词讲时的特点：(1)不可数名词；(2)后面与介词 to
搭配；(3)前面常与动词 have，get 或 gain 搭配。
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①Kids shouldn't have access to violent films because they might imitate the
things they see.
②The loft can be accessed(access) by a ladder.
③The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world，and it's
accessible(access) through a computer.
[能力提升]－－一句多译
“一带一路”的发展帮助中国贸易商们得以进入更广阔的市场。
① The development of the Belt and Road helps Chinese traders to
have/get/obtain access to a broader market.(access)
②The development of the Belt and Road helps Chinese traders to be accessible
to a broader market.(accessible)
2．aware adj. 意识到的；知道的；有……方面知识的
(1)be/become aware of 知道/明白……；意识到……
be aware that...知道……；体会到……
(2)awareness n．知道；认识；意识
develop/raise an awareness of...培养/提高……的意识
be aware of the dangers to their own health
意识到对他们自身健康的危害
an awareness of the importance of eating a healthy diet
认识到健康饮食的重要性
20/29
an awareness of green issues 环保意识
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①When visiting another country，you should be aware of those differences
and respect them.
②Earth Day is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness (aware)about
environmental protection.
[能力提升]－－词汇升级
普通表达：Through the discussion, we realize the necessity of carrying out
a lowcarbon economy in our country.
高级表达：Through the discussion, we are aware of the necessity of carrying
out a lowcarbon economy in our country.
3．available adj.(东西)可获得的；可购得的；可找到的；(人)有空的
(1)available for
可用于……的；对……有效的；能参加……的
(2)availability n. 可用性；有效性；实用性
available resources/facilities 可利用的资源/设备
readily/freely/publicly/generally available 容易得到的
the easy availability of guns 获取枪支的容易性
the availability of cheap flights 有廉价机票出售
[基础练习]－－完成句子
①一有货我们就会给你寄一本。
We'll send you a copy as soon as it becomes available．
②所有能找到的医生都被召集到了现场。
Every available doctor was called to the scene.
[能力提升]－－词汇升级
普通表达：If you're free tomorrow, please inform me at your earliest
convenience.
21/29
高级表达：If you're available tomorrow, please inform me at your earliest
convenience.
4．appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到；欣赏
(1)appreciate sth./(one's) doing sth.
感激某事物/(某人) 做某事
I would appreciate it if...如果……我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation n．欣赏；感激
appreciate your help very much 非常感谢你的帮助
appreciate the significance/value of learning English
明白学习英语的重要性
express my appreciation and thanks to you all
向所有人表示我诚挚的感谢
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated (appreciate), it's
also entirely necessary for them to be able to complete their college education.
②I'd appreciate your writing (write) me back at your earliest convenience.
③I appreciate being given(give) the opportunity to work in your company two
years ago.
④I would like to convey my sincere appreciation(appreciate) to you for your
assistance.
[能力提升]－－一句多译
如果你考虑我的建议我将感激不尽。
①I'd appreciate it if you could take my suggestions into consideration.
(appreciate)
②I'd be grateful if you could take my advice into account.(grateful)
[名师点津] 当 appreciate，hate，dislike，love，like，depend on 等词后接
宾语从句时，一般先加 it，再接宾语从句。
5．share v．共有；合用； 分配；分摊；分享；共享；有同样的感情(或想
22/29
法、经历等)；共同承担；分担 n．(在若干人之间分得的)一份；股份
(1)share sth. with sb.与某人共享某物
(2)share sth. out among/between sb.在……之间分摊或分配
(3)share (in) sth./share sth. (with) sb.
与某人有同样的感情(或想法、经历、爱好等)
share the chocolate with the other kids 和其他孩子分享巧克力
a view that is widely shared 一种得到广泛认同的观点
shared values 共同的价值
shares in British Telecom 英国电信公司的股份
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①John had no brothers or sisters and wasn't used to sharing(share)．
②We shared the pizza between my sister and me.
[能力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：They are both interested in botany.
高级表达：They shared a common interest in botany.(share)
1．My dad came to our New Year party, dressed up as Donald Duck,
guitar in hand, singing silly songs.
我爸爸来参加我们的新年晚会，他打扮成唐老鸭，手里拿着吉他，唱着傻傻
的歌。
[句型公式] 句中 guitar in hand 为独立主格结构，相当于伴随状语。
独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。该结构在句中
一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。常见的独立主格结构：
名词/代词＋
名词
形容词/副词/介词短语
现在分词/过去分词/不定式
[金句推送] My childhood full of play and adventure, no one could have
23/29
passed a happier childhood than myself.
我的童年充满了嬉戏和冒险，没人能像我那样欢快地度过童年。
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①Time permitting(permit)，I expect to join in more activities where we can
have our friendship strengthened.
②Much time spent(spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally
troubled by health problems.
③An important lecture to be given(give) tomorrow，the professor has to stay
up late into night.
[能力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：He was listening attentively in class. His eyes were fixed on the
blackboard.
①高级表达：He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the
blackboard．(独立主格结构)
②高级表达：He was listening attentively in class, with his eyes fixed on the
blackboard．(with 复合结构)
2．Embarrassed，as usual, I fled the scene.
像往常一样，我尴尬地逃离了现场。
[句型公式] 句中“Embarrassed”为形容词在句中作伴随状语。
(1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、
句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
(2)形容词作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语常可构成系表结
构；如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。
[金句推送] To our relief, the missing child returned home ten days later,
tired but healthy.
令我们欣慰的是，失踪的孩子十天后回到家里，疲倦但很健康。
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①Excited (excite) and happy, we greeted the foreign guests at the entrance
of the school.
24/29
②Tired(tire)and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the
top of Mount Tai.
③It was a real race against time to get the project done. Luckily (lucky)，
we made it.
[能力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：I was curious to know more about it, so I went to the library to
consult books.
高级表达：Curious to know more about it, I went to the library to consult
books.(形容词短语作状语)
夯基固本·知识落实
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Charlie Chaplin, born in a poor family, showed an astonishing (astonish)
talent as a performer as soon as he could walk.
2．It is important that students develop an awareness(aware) of how the Internet
can be used.
3．This being(be) my first performance, I was so nervous that I felt I could
hardly breathe.
4．All the holidays on offer are subject to availability (available)．
5．The woman managed to escape from the fire with her baby, extremely
exhausted(exhaust)．
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．People have better access to health care than they used to, and they're
living longer as a result.
2．We should develop an awareness of protecting ourselves.
3．The manager shared the work out among the five workers.
4．College students often share their political views with their parents.
5．I would appreciate it if you could help me with my English.
强技提能·知识应用
25/29
Ⅰ.阅读七选五
How to fight backtoschool anxiety
August is the time to prepare for a new school year. 1 These simple tips
can help you or someone you love deal with the year ahead.
2 Like any new activity，a new school year is always easier when you're
prepared for it.Get your class schedule in advance so you know exactly what to
expect that first day.Make sure you're prepared with all the supplies you'll need.If
you'll be attending a new school，get familiar with the campus in advance of the
first week.
Talk about it.Change is never easy，and can often be scary.If you have feelings
of fear or anxiety about the upcoming school year，it's important to express them.
3 If you're unsure who to talk to，there are many free resources available for
you.
Do what you love. 4 Whether you're a bookworm or a social butterfly，
it's easy to feel depressed or anxious when you're trying to be something you're
not.Find activities，clubs or organizations that truly interest you.The chances are，
when you do，you'll find a sense of belonging that's completely genuine.
Get help.It's not abnormal for any teen to feel stressed about an upcoming
school year.But if your feelings of anxiety or depression are affecting your ability
to eat，sleep or function on a daily basis，it's time to seek professional help. 5
A．Get ready.
B．Stick to a tight schedule.
C．When you're a teen，fitting in is important.
D．It is common for people to feel stressed after the holidays.
E．For teens，the“backtoschool”period can be especially troubling.
F．A parent or an adviser can help you find an expert to help you get through
the upcoming year.
G．Speaking with a parent，a friend or an adviser can be a perfect way to
start finding a solution together.
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。文章主要向学生就如何克服返校焦虑症提出
26/29
了四点具体的建议。
1．E [本段引领全文。E 项中的“backtoschool”period 与题目相对应，
故答案为 E 项。句意：八月是准备新学年的时间。对于青少年来说，返校期间尤
其烦人。这些简单的方法可帮助你或你爱的人应对新的一年。]
2．A [本题考查主题句。根据下文可知本段主题是“准备”，故答案为 A
项。]
3．G [本段的主题句为“Talk about it.”，G 项中的“Speaking with a parent，
a friend or an adviser”与之相一致，故答案为 G 项。]
4．C [本段的主题是“做你喜欢做的事情”。本句对这一主题进一步解释，
故答案为 C 项。]
5．F [上文中的“an upcoming school year”与 F 项中的“the upcoming year”
相对应；上句中的“seek professional help”与 F 项中的“find an expert to help
you”相对应，故答案为 F 项。]
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2019·浙江卷)There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea.
First of all，uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong
to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody
1.______ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears 2.______ same
style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland
has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a
piece of cloth 3.______ gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking
or 4.______ (cycle) to school on dark mornings，car drivers can 5.______ (easy)
see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer 6.______ this
question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades
7.______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students
didn't want 8.______ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no
9.______ (connect) between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are 10.______(tradition) in Britain, but some schools are
starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy.
27/29
However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary
schools wear uniforms.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了校服受欢迎的原因以及各地
校服的特点。
1．has/will have [考查时态和主谓一致。空格前面的从句用了一般现在时，
主句谓语动词应该用一般现在时或者一般将来时。而句子主语 nobody 是第三人
称单数，所以当句子为一般现在时态时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。]
2．the [考查定冠词的用法。此处特指校服的款式相同，the same...相同
的……]
3．that/which [考查定语从句的引导词。空格后面的内容用来修饰 a piece
of cloth, 而且在从句中作主语，所以用 that 或 which 来引导。]
4．cycling [考查现在进行时态。因为连词 or 前面用的是 walking，所以
空格处应与之并列，用 cycle 的ing 形式。]
5．easily [考查副词。此处修饰动词 see，用 easy 的副词形式。]
6．to [考查固定搭配中介词的使用。 the answer to... ……的答案。]
7．improved [考查时态。主句谓语动词是 found, 用了一般过去时，此处
时态应该与之保持一致。]
8．to wear [考查动词不定式作宾语。want to do sth. 想要做某事。]
9．connection/connections [考查名词。no 用来修饰名词，此处用单复数
形式均可。]
10．traditional [考查形容词。此处形容词作表语，用来说明主语 school
uniforms 的特点。]
Ⅲ.短文改错
(2020·江西省五校协作体上学期考试试题)High school is very important in
one's lifetime.Nowadays，the movies about the high school time are so popular，
and the stories are overstated.My high school life is so different of those in the
movies.In the past two years，study occupied most of my time.I fought for the
future with my classmates.We studied hardly and shared our opinion about the
difficult points together.When I made a great progress，I was so happy，but when
I fell behind，I would not give up.I grew up and became patience.I was not a
28/29
little girl anymore.In the spare time，I would go to play basketball with my friends，
that became the most excited thing at that time.Though the high school life was
simple，I gained a lot.I would never forget the classmates who studied with them
together.
【答案】
High school is very important in one's lifetime.Nowadays，the movies about
the high school time are so popular，and
but the stories are overstated.My high school
life is so different of
from those in the movies.In the past two years，study
∧
has
occupied most of my time.I fought for the future with my classmates.We studied
hardly
hard and shared our opinion
opinions about the difficult points together.When I made
﹨a great progress，I was so happy，but when I fell behind，I would not give up.I
grew up and became patience
patient
.I was not a little girl anymore.In the spare time，
I would go to play basketball with my friends， that
which became the most excited
exciting
thing at that time.Though the high school life was simple，I gained a lot.I would
never forget the classmates who studied with them
me together.
话题写作
Step 1.写作要点(根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子)
①听说你很难适应在中国生活和学习，我感到很遗憾。现给你提供一些切实
可行的建议。
I'm sorry to hear that you find it hard to adjust to living and studying in
China.I'd like to offer some practical suggestions.
②你最好放松。
You'd better take it easy．
③因为这是你第一次到国外，觉得难以适应是很自然的。
29/29
As this is the first time that you have been in a foreign country，it's natural
to have trouble settling in．
④我强烈建议你多和同学们交流，这样不仅有助于提高你的汉语口语，而且
还能让你融入他们。
I strongly recommend that you (should) communicate more with your
classmates, which will not only help improve your spoken Chinese, but also allow
you to fit in with them．
⑤在中国学习可以拓宽你的视野，同时让你有机会体验丰富的中国传统文
化。
Studying in China offers you a chance to experience the rich traditional Chinese
culture as well as broaden your horizons．
⑥坚持下去，你一定会爱上中国的。
If you keep it up，you are bound to fall in love with China.
Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
利用独立主格升级句③
This being the first time that you have been in a foreign country, it's natural
to have trouble settling in.
Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
I'm sorry to hear that you find it hard to adjust to living and studying in
China.I'd like to offer some practical suggestions.
To begin with, you'd better take it easy.This being the first time that you
have been in a foreign country, it's natural to have trouble settling in. I strongly
recommend that you (should) communicate more with your classmates, which will
not only help improve your spoken Chinese but also allows you to fit in with
them.What's more, studying in China offers you a chance to experience the rich
traditional Chinese culture as well as broaden your horizons.
As far as I'm concerned，if you keep it up，you are bound to fall in love
with China.
微信/支付宝扫码支付