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主题语境(七) (重大)政治、历史事件，文
化渊源
阅读理解
A (2020·全国卷Ⅱ·A)
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History，Culture & Landscape(景观)．Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of
history ， 5 acres of celebrated and awardwinning gardens with parkland
walk.Owned by the Hasell family since 1679，home to the International Marmalade
Festival.Gifts and antiques，plant sales，museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open：29 Mar29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30－17.00(16.00 in Oct)．
House：11.1516.00(15.00 in Oct)．
Town：Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be
forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery.The impressive permanent collection
includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has
Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open：Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays.10.3017.00 Summer.10.3016.00
Winter.
Town：Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover，explore and enjoy awardwinning Tullie House，where historic
collections，contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive
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museum and art gallery.There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to
interactive fun，so there's something for everyone!
Open：High Season 1 Apr31 Oct：Mon to Sat 10.0017.00，Sun 11.00
17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov31 Mar：Mon to Sat 10.0016.30，Sun 12.0016.30.
Town：Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth's inspirational home.Take a tour of his
Lakeland cottage，walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the
collection in the Museum.Visit the shop and relax in the café.Exhibitions，events
and family activities throughout the year.
Open：Daily，09.3017.30(last admission 17.00)．
Town：Grasmere
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了几个湖区景点，包括其营业时间及地点等。
1．When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays
in July?
A．09.3017.30. B．10.3016.00.
C．11.1516.00. D．12.0016.30.
C [细节理解题。根据 Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens 部分的信
息“House：11.1516.00(15.00 in Oct)”可知答案。故选 C。]
2．What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum?
A．Enjoy Romney's works.
B．Have some interactive fun.
C．Attend a famous festival.
D．Learn the history of a family.
A [细节理解题。根据 Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum 部分的信息“The
impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary
exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.”可知，游客
可以在此处欣赏 Romney 的作品。故选 A。]
3．Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth's life?
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A．Penrith. B．Kendal.
C．Carlisle. D．Grasmere.
D [细节理解题。根据 Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum 部分
的信息“Town：Grasmere”可知，如果游客想了解 Wordsworth 的生活可以去
Grasmere。故选 D。]
B (2020·全国卷Ⅲ·A)
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence (13 days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof.Ori
Z．Soltes.We will visit some of the bestpreserved Roman monuments in the
world.Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and
Gauguin.Fields of flowers，tileroofed (瓦屋顶) villages and tasty meals enrich
this wonderful experience.
Southern Spain(15 days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent (芳香) of oranges，but it is also
a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and
Arabs.As we travel south from Madrid with Prof.Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，
Roman Mérida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and
architecture.
China's Sacred Landscapes(21 days)
Discover the China of “past ages，”its walled cities，temples and mountain
scenery with Prof.Robert Thorp.Highlights (精彩之处) include China's most
sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills，waterways and peaceful
temples.We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an
exceptional museum in Shanghai.
Tunisia (17 days)
Join Prof.Pedar Foss on our indepth Tunisian tour.Tour highlights include
the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia，
Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，unique for
underground cities.Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely
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beaches.
【语篇解读】 游客可以和学者们一起去探索世界各地的历史文化景观，本
文介绍了法国普罗旺斯、西班牙南部、中国的神圣景观和突尼斯。
4．What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain?
A．Historical monuments. B．Fields of flowers.
C．Van Gogh's paintings. D．Greek buildings.
A [细节理解题。根据 Classical Provence 部分中的“We will visit some of
the bestpreserved Roman monuments”和 Southern Spain 部分中的“we explore
historical monuments and architecture”可知，游客在普罗旺斯和西班牙南部都可
以看到历史纪念碑，故 A 项正确。]
5．Which country is Prof.Thorp most knowledgeable about?
A．France. B．Spain.
C．China. D．Tunisia.
C [细节理解题。根据 China's Sacred Landscapes 部分中的“Discover the
China of 'past ages，' its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with
Prof.Robert Thorp.”可知，Thorp 教授对中国最有研究，故 C 项正确。]
6．Which of the following highlights the Tunisian tour?
A．White towns.
B．Underground cities.
C．Tileroofed villages.
D．Rolling hills.
B [细节理解题。根据 Tunisia 部分中的“Tour highlights include the Roman
city of Dougga...unique for underground cities.”可知，突尼斯之行的最精彩的
部分在地下城，故 B 项正确。]
C (2018·全国卷Ⅰ·A)
Washington，D.C.Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.
Duration：3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the worldfamous cherry
trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，D.C.Your guide will provide a history
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lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your
spot before availability－and the cherry blossoms－disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration：3 hours(4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in
Washington，D.C.Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as
your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop.Guided tour includes bike，
helmet，cookies and bottled water.
Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.
Duration：3 hours
Morning or Afternoon，this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C.newcomers
and locals looking to experience Washington，D.C.in a healthy way with minimum
effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories
about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smooth
tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration：3 hours(7 miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of
Washington，D.C.Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the
sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.Frequent stops are made for photo taking
as your guide offers unique facts and history.Tour includes bike，helmet，and bottled
water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了在华盛顿特区骑自行车观光的四条路线、参
观的主要景点和从事的活动。
7．Which tour do you need to book in advance?
A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.
B．Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.
C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.
D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.
A [细节理解题。根据第一条旅行路线介绍的最后一句“Reserve your spot
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before availability－and the cherry blossoms－disappear！”可知，选择第一条旅
行路线需要提前预订。]
8．What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?
A．Meet famous people.
B．Go to a national park.
C．Visit wellknown museums.
D．Enjoy interesting stories.
D [细节理解题。根据第三条旅行路线介绍中的“Knowledgeable guides
will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，
memorials，and parks.”可知，选择这条旅行路线的游客可以在观光过程中听导
游讲故事。]
9．Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?
A．City maps. B．Cameras.
C．Meals. D．Safety lights.
D [细节理解题。第四条旅行路线是夜间游览，根据该段介绍的最后一句
“All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.”可知，该路线
为夜间骑车观光的游客提供反光背心和安全灯。]
D (2016·全国卷Ⅱ·D)
A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to
life.
Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding － undoubtedly firstrate
photojournalism－if they had been made last week. In fact，they were shot from
1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难), by a
cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images
were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.
The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegianbuilt threemaster
that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and
scientists, 27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea.
From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across
the continent.The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert
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Falcon Scott had done.Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but
had died with his four companions on the march back.
As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and wellresearched
story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial
effort.Scott's last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger,
caught the world's imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds.
Shackleton, a onetime British merchantnavy officer who had got to within 100
miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make
money from movie and still photography.Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted
Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic，was hired to make the images,
most of which have never before been published.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。1914 年到 1916 年间，一群海员和科学
家踏上了南极探险之路。结果他们在回来的路上发生海难，其中一个摄影师在临
死之前拍摄了大量的照片，并把照片封存在破损的木船的冰箱里。通过这些照片
我们可以了解到那次不太成功的探险经历。
10．What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?
A．They were made last week.
B．They showed undersea sceneries.
C．They were found by a cameraman.
D．They recorded a disastrous adventure.
D [细节理解题。由题干中的 the photos taken by Hurley 定位到文章第二
段开头。该段说这些照片即使是上个星期拍的也堪称佳作，故 A 项错误；该段
中还说照片是在一次海难之后拍的，故 D 项正确；文章没有说拍摄的是海底景
观，故 B 项错误；拍摄者是摄影师，但没有说是一名摄影师发现了这些照片，
故 C 项错误。]
11．Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?
A．Frank Hurley. B．Ernest Shackleton.
C．Robert Falcon Scott. D．Caroline Alexander.
C [推理判断题。由题干中的“第一个到达南极”这条信息定位到第三段。
被发现的照片所展示的这次旅行是为了获得比 Robert Falcon Scott 船长先前的探
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险更大的收获，该船长在 1912 年就到达了南极。由此推断 Robert Falcon Scott
是最先到达南极的人，故选 C 项。]
12．What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?
A．Artistic creation. B．Scientific research.
C．Money making. D．Treasure hunting.
C [细节理解题。题干的 Alexander 在最后一段出现，the 1914 voyage 指
本文谈到的 Endurance 这艘船的探险，该段开头说，这个作家在她的小说 The
Endurance 中说，在那时，探险就已经是纯商业活动(a thoroughly commercial effort)
了，因此 1914 年航行的目的是赚钱(money making)，故选 C 项。A 项“艺术创
作”，B 项“科学调研”，D 项“寻宝”，均未体现。]
1．historic adj.历史著名的
2．landscape n．风景
3．permanent adj.长久的
4．contemporary adj.同时代的，当代的
5．preserve v．保护
6．temple n．寺庙
7．scenery n．景色
8．exceptional adj.杰出的
9．reserve n．预订
10．minimum n．最小值
11．route n．路线
12．wooden adj.木制的
13．shore n．海岸
14．continent n．大陆
15．commercial adj.商业的
16．photography n．摄影
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1．district n．区，地区
2．exhibition n．展览
3．event n．事件，项目
4．wander v．徘徊
5．smooth adj.平滑的
6．voyage n．航行，旅行
7．image n．影像
8．freezing adj.极冷的
1．impress v．给人留下深刻的印象→impressive adj.给人印象深刻的
2．explore v．探索→exploration n．探索
3．available adj.可用的→availability n．可用的人/物
4．frequent adj.频繁的→frequency n．频度
5．disaster n．灾难→disastrous adj.灾难性的
6．reason n．原因，理由→reasonable adj.合情理的
7．expect v．预期→expectation n．期望
8．thorough adj.彻底的→thoroughly adv.彻底地
9．photograph n．照片 v．拍照→photographer n．拍照者；摄影师
1．be home to 是……的故乡
2．take a tour of 旅行
3．in advance 提前
4．in all 总共
5．in one's honor 为向某人表示敬意
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[即时演练]单句语法填空
1．To preserve (preserve) natural habitats, biologists expected the government
to make laws that would arrest commercial development in these areas.
2．It is freezing(freeze) outside now, and more snow is falling on already
frozen streets.
3．Thanks to the advanced(advance) technology, we live in an age of bettered
communication.
4．With the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events (event) are now
able to be held.
5．I was wandering (wander) along the pavement yesterday when some strangers
came up and asked me the way to the police station.
6．Do you know the historical background of the historic flight？(history)
7．Newlybuilt wooden(wood) cottages line the street，turning the old town
into a dreamland.
8．In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor to the time
they can be implanted in the patient，we've got 72 hours at most.
9．The old temple whose roof was damaged in the storm is now under the
construction.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)
1．Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and
awardwinning gardens with parkland walk.著名的
2．The ship was the Endurance，a small，tight, Norwegianbuilt threemaster
that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and
scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea.
桅杆
Ⅱ.似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)
1．Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and
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explore the riches of the collection in the Museum.
[译文] 参观他的湖畔小屋，穿过他的山坡花园，探索博物馆里丰富的藏品。
2．From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled across
the continent.
[译文] 从那个地方，沙克尔顿想用狗拉雪橇的方式强行穿越南极大陆。
Ⅲ.复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)
1．Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be
forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery.
[分析] 主语是 those，指 those people；谓语是 may be forgiven。viewing
短语作定语修饰 those; they are in a city gallery 则是 thinking 的宾语从句。
[译文] 观看阿伯特庄园临时展出的人可能会觉得他们身处市美术馆里，这
是情有可原的。
2．Scott's last journey, completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger,
caught the world's imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds.
[分析] 本句是 and 连接的两个并列分句构成。前面分句的主语是 Scott's
last journey, 谓语部分是 caught the world's imagination，completed 是过去分词
作定语，as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger 是状语从句修饰 completed。
后一个分句的主语是 a film，谓语部分是 drew crowds; made in his honor 为过
去分词短语作定语，修饰 film。
[译文] 斯科特在最后一次旅程结束时，躺在帐篷里饥寒交迫，奄奄一息，
这引发了世人的想象力，为向其表达敬意而拍摄的一部电影吸引了大量观众。
3．Shackleton, a onetime British merchantnavy officer who had got to within
100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage
to make money from movie and still photography.
[分析] 主语是 Shackleton, 谓语部分是 started a business，其后都是状语；
主语后面的 a onetime...是名词短语作同位语，说明 Shackleton 的身份，who had
got ...是定语从句，修饰 officer。
[译文] 沙克尔顿曾是英国一名海军军官。1908 年，他到达了距南极不到
100 英里的地方。在 1914 年出航前，他就已经开始做生意，靠拍摄电影和静物
摄影赚钱。
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1．preserve vt.保存；保留 n．保护区
(1)preserve...from...保护……免受……
(2)wellpreserved adj.保存良好的
(3)preservation n．维护；保护；保养
preserve our eyesight 保护我们的视力
preserve his reputation 维护他的名声
preserve endangered species from extinction 保护濒危物种不致灭绝
nature preserve 自然保护区
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏卷)His music deserved to be preserved(preserve)in the family.
②With the limited natural resources, we should take action to preserve them
from being wasted(waste)．
[能力提升]－－完成句子
在这个自然保护区中，所有的稀有植物都保存良好，两个寺庙也保存得很好。
In this nature preserve，all the rare plants are wellpreserved，and the two
temples are also in a good state of preservation．
2．healthy adj.健康的
(1)stay/keep healthy 保持健康
(2)health n．健康，卫生
(3)healthily 健康地
in good/poor health 身体健康/不健康
health insurance/care 医疗保险
physical and mental health 身心健康
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[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)So do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better,
calmer, healthier(healthy)?
②A healthy (health)life is frequently thought to be associated with the open
countryside and homegrown food.
[能力提升]－－一句多译
均衡的饮食和有规律的运动能帮助我们保持身心健康。
①A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy both physically
and mentally.(healthy)
②A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us enjoy good health both
physically and mentally.(health)
3．entertain v．招待，款待；使欢乐
(1)entertainer n．艺人
entertaining adj.使人愉快的
(2)entertainment n．娱乐节目；招待；款待
the entertainment business/world 娱乐业
be busy with the entertainment of the guests 忙着招待客人
entertain you with the most interesting stories 给你讲最有趣的故事
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①Sport has become an important form of entertainment(entertain), appealing
to both men and women.
②He enjoys singing very much and often entertains (entertain) people with
his songs.
[能力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：He always tells us a lot of interesting stories and jokes，we feel
pleased.
①高级表达：Much to our entertainment，he always tells us a lot of interesting
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stories and jokes.(entertainment)
②高级表达：He always entertains us with a lot of interesting stories and jokes,
which we find very entertaining.
4．equip vt.& vi.配备；装备
(1)equip...with...用……装备……
be equipped with 装备着……
(2)equipment n．装备；设备(不可数名词)
poorly/well equipped 装备简陋/优良
wellequipped research buildings 设施齐全的研究大楼
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①We equip students with the skills they will need once they leave college.
②Equipped (equip) with new scientific farming methods, they have been able
to use less farmland to produce more crops.
③(2019·江苏卷)This has led companies and individuals to donate money
to developing countries to buy computer equipment(equip) and internet facilities.
[能力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is respected
by all his students.
①高级表达：Equipping himself with much experience in teaching，he is
respected by all his students.(现在分词短语作状语)
②高级表达：Equipped with much experience in teaching，he is respected by
all his students.(过去分词短语作状语)
5．achieve vt.(凭借努力) 达到 (目标、地位、标准); 完成
(1)achievable adj.可以达到/完成的
(2)achievement n．达成；成就
achieve one's goal 某人完成目标
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a sense of achievement 一种成就感
be proud of their children's achievements 对孩子们的成绩感到自豪
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①Because she works hard, she deserves to achieve (achieve) the goal of
entering the key university.
②Even a small success could also give you a sense of achievement(achieve)．
[能力提升]－－一句多译
这位女科学家因为取得的那些成就而获得诺贝尔物理学奖。
①The woman scientist was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for those
achievements．(achievement)
②The woman scientist was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for what she
had achieved．(achieve)
6．companion n．同伴，伴侣
(1)a dinner/travelling companion 饭友/旅伴
(2)company n．公司；陪伴；宾客
for company 做伴
in company with 与……一起
keep sb. company 陪伴某人
enjoy each other's company 享受彼此的陪伴
have our smartphones to keep us company at the table 在餐桌上有手机陪伴
我们
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①She was such a good travelling companion that we felt anything but tired
all the way.
②Plants make such good companions (companion): they breathe, they bloom,
they respond to care and love.
[能力提升]－－一句多译
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我的朋友比尔和他的新朋友一起来看我。
① My friend Bill is coming to see me in company with his new
friend.(company)
②My friend Bill is coming to see me together with his new friend.(together)
1．There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive
fun, so there's something for everyone!
有四个很棒的画廊可以参观，既有精美艺术品也有互动乐趣，来这里每个人
都能找到适合自己的！
[句型公式] 本句使用了 there be 句型，表示“有，存在”。there 不是主
语，句子的真正主语是谓语动词 be 后面的名词。
(1)该句型中的 be 可以有多种时态，也可以放在情态动词后面，或者用部分
不及物动词代替。
(2)根据句型中名词的不同，此句型中的名词后面常常用到非谓语动词短语、
从句、介词短语等等作补语。
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there are very few
left (leave)．
②There is no doubt that good health is very important for whoever wants to
be successful in his career.
③There was nothing I could do to make (make) her happy, it seemed.
[能力提升]－－完成句子
我们已经没有时间来仔细考虑这个问题了。
There has been no time left for us to think over the problem.
2．Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between
the sites fun and relaxing．
在两个景点之间沿着平整的路线自由自在的骑车，会让人觉得骑车旅行轻松
有趣。
[句型公式] 本句使用了“make ＋宾语＋宾补”的句型结构。
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宾补有多种形式，如：
(1)make sb. do sth.使某人做某事 ，被动为 be made to do sth.
(2)make sb./sth. done 使某人(某事)被……
(3)make sb./sth.＋adj./n. 使某人(某物)成为……
[基础练习]－－单句语法填空
①Nowadays parents do everything for their single child, which makes him/her
rely (rely) on their parents badly.
②I find that doing physical exercise a couple of times a week makes (make)
me feel more energetic.
③Summer makes me(I) full of energy and I feel I have the strength to do
the most difficult thing in my life.
[能力提升]－－完成句子
重视你今天正在做的事情，因为你正在为此付出生命中的一天。
Make what you're doing today important, because you're trading a day of
your life for it.
夯基固本·知识落实
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Always bear in mind that your main task is to get this company running
smoothly (smooth)．
2．Make sure you eat healthily(health)，and get some exercise.
3．I found the talk both informative and entertaining(entertain)．
4．The boy pretended to be concentrating on his lesson, but in fact his mind
was wandering (wander)．
5．Tom was made to stand(stand) at the front of the class because of his bad
behaviour.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．Generally speaking，those who pay attention to physical exercise are in
good health.
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2．It is a pleasure to wander through a strange city.
3．The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.
4．The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.
5．The Confucian temple was built in his honor.
强技提能·知识应用
Ⅰ.阅读七选五
(2020·山东临沂二模改编)There are now six fires burning at emergency
levels in Australia.The smoke is so intense and so thick that it can be seen from
space.2，000 homes have been destroyed.Six million hectares of land charred，
leading to death of the nation's wildlife. 1
These recordbreaking bushfires in Australia have been started by the following.
2 But one of the biggest reasons they've become so extreme，is the same reason
as East Africa's flood.Bushfires in Australia are a natural part of the country's
ecosystem. 3 Even New South Wales，with the largest population，is used to
blazes breaking out.In 1974，fires burned 3.5 million hectares，and in 2003，
another 2 million hectares were lost to fire.But the fires that started in 2019 are
even worse：4.9 million hectares in New South Wales have burned already－and
it's only going to grow.
4 For starters，as the world is getting warmer from climate change, so
is Australia. 2019 was its hottest year on record，with parts of the country reaching
45 degrees Celsius in December.2019 was also its driest－the places here in gray
have seen historic droughts. 5 Throughout the year，other largescale climate
drivers affect Australia's weather，and its likeliness to burn.One of the most
influential is the Indian Ocean Dipole(偶极子)，or the IOD.The IOD is a big
temperature gradient that affects the surface water in the Indian Ocean，from the
edge of Africa to the edge of Australia.
A．This is just heartbreaking.
B．So why is this fire season so awful?
C．Their “fire season”varies across regions.
D．The fire season is awful because of the unknown reason.
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E．The ecosystem of the country needs to be improved.
F．They are lightning strikes，winds and people who set fire deliberately.
G．Together，that provides the perfect conditions for bushfires to start and
spread quickly.
1．A [段尾题，承上总结。A 选项意思：这真是令人心碎。根据上文“目
前澳大利亚有 6 处火灾处于紧急状态。烟雾如此强烈，如此浓厚，以至于从太空
都能看到。2，000 座房屋被毁。600 万公顷土地被烧焦，导致该国野生动物死亡。”
可知，这次澳大利亚火灾破坏严重，结果令人心碎。故选 A。]
2．F [段中题，承接上文。F 选项意思：它们是雷击、风和故意放火的人。
根据上文“澳大利亚这些破纪录的森林大火是由以下原因引起的”可知，此句应
列举造成澳大利亚大火的原因。故选 F。]
3．C [段中句，承上启下。C 选项意思：它们的“火灾季节”因地区而异。
根据前文“澳大利亚的丛林火灾是该国生态系统的一个自然组成部分。”以及后
文“即使是人口最多的新南威尔士州，也习惯于突发火灾。”可知，本句是在说
明澳大利亚的火灾频发季节是因地区而不同的。故选 C。]
4．B [段首句，启下。B 选项意思：那么为什么这个火灾季节如此可怕呢？
根据后文“首先，随着气候变化导致全球变暖，澳大利亚也在变暖。2019 年是
有记录以来最热的一年，该国部分地区在 12 月达到了 45 摄氏度。2019 年也是
澳大利亚最干燥的一年－－这里灰色区域内的地方经历了历史性的干旱”可知，
后文是在描述澳大利亚火灾季节的情况，B 项符合文意。故选 B。]
5．G [段中题，承上总结。G 选项意思：所有那些为森林大火的爆发和迅
速蔓延提供了完美的条件。结合上文“首先，随着气候变化导致全球变暖，澳大
利亚也在变暖。2019 年是有记录以来最热的一年，该国部分地区在 12 月达到了
45 摄氏度。2019 年也是澳大利亚最干燥的一年－－这里灰色区域内的地方经历
了历史性的干旱。”可知，正是上述的那些条件促使了森林大火的爆发和迅速蔓
延，本句承接上文进行总结。故选 G。]
Ⅱ.语法填空
In ancient China lived an artist 1.________paintings were almost lifelike.The
artist's reputation had made him proud.One day the emperor wanted to get his
portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their
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2.________(fine) work，so that he could choose the best.The artist was sure he
would 3.________(choose)，but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's
chief minister，the old man laughed.The wise old man told him to travel to the
Li River－perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 4.________(curious) ， the artist packed his bags and
left.5.________he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find
the legendary (传奇的) artist，they smiled and 6.________(point) down the
river.The next morning he hired a boat and set out 7.________(find) the
wellknown painter.As the small boat moved 8.________(gentle) along the river
he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.He
passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue.And when
he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 9.________(surround)
the mountain tops，he was reduced to tears.The artist was finally humbled (谦
卑) by the greatest artist 10.________earth，Mother Nature.
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了一位中国古代画家寻找最伟大的艺术大师“自然
母亲”的故事。
1．whose [考查定语从句的引导词。本句主句为倒装句，主语 an artist 为
先行词，后接一个定语从句，空处与其后名词 paintings 之间构成所属关系，故
用 whose。]
2．finest [考查形容词的最高级。根据句意可知，皇帝命令所有知名画家
献上他们最好的作品。]
3．be chosen [考查动词的被动语态。这位画家确信自己肯定会被选中。]
4．curiosity [考查词性转换(形容词变名词)。介词 with 后应使用名词。]
5．When/As [考查连词。When/As 在句中表示“当……时”。]
6．pointed [考查动词的时态。空处与 smiled 构成并列谓语，故用一般过
去时。]
7．to find [考查非谓语动词。set out to do sth.(怀着目标)开始做某事。]
8．gently [考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。修饰动词 moved 应使用副词。]
9．surrounding [考查非谓语动词。surrounding the mountain tops 作后置
定语修饰 clouds。]
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10．on [考查固定搭配。on earth 世上。]
Ⅲ.短文改错
(2020·开封市高三模拟)The other day，I was as usually walking Toby when
suddenly the dog ran up to the little boy.It kept jump up，trying to get a bite
of the hamburger the boy holding.It happens so fast that all I could do was shout，
“Stop，Toby！” But it was too later.Toby had taken a bite of the boy's hamburger.I
felt very guilty.It was my fault which Toby wasn't under control.So I apologized
sincerely to the frightening boy and his angry mother.Through this incident I realized
that I had to train his dog to behave in itself.
【答案】
The other day，I was as usually
usual walking Toby when suddenly the dog ran
up to the
a little boy.It kept jump
jumping up，trying to get a bite of the hamburger the
boy ∧was holding.It happens
happened so fast that all I could do was shout，“Stop，Toby！”
But it was too later
late
.Toby had taken a bite of the boy's hamburger.I felt very guilty.It
was my fault which
that Toby wasn't under control.So I apologized sincerely to the
frightening
frightened boy and his angry mother.Through this incident I realized that I had
to train his
my dog to behave ﹨in itself.
话题写作
Step 1.写作要点(根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子)
①作为中国最重要的传统节日，春节是中国农历的第一天，标志着新年的开
始。
As the most important traditional festival, the Spring Festival is the first day
in Chinese lunar year and it marks the beginning of the new year．
②为庆祝这个节日，各家各户打扫房屋、贴对联、做各种美味的饭菜。
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In celebration of the festival, houses are cleaned, red couplets are put on the
doors and various tasty dishes are prepared．
③除夕夜，人们和家人团聚在一起吃年夜饭，并燃放烟花。
On New Year's Eve people get together with their families to enjoy a feast
and set off fireworks．
④新年期间，人们穿着盛装互相拜年。
During the New Year, people dress up and say “Happy New Year” to each
other.
⑤孩子们非常高兴得到红包，这是一个追溯到很多年前的传统。
Children are delighted at getting lucky money, and it is a tradition dating back
to many years ago．
Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
①用现在分词作定语改写句①
As the most important traditional festival, the Spring Festival is the first day
in Chinese lunar year, marking the beginning of the new year.
②用 what 引导主语从句和 which 引导定语从句改写句⑤
What makes children delighted is getting lucky money, which is a tradition
dating back to many years ago.
Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
As the most important traditional festival, the Spring Festival is the first day
in Chinese lunar year, marking the beginning of the new year.In celebration of
the festival, houses are cleaned, red couplets are put on the doors and various tasty
dishes are prepared.On New Year's Eve people get together with their families to
enjoy a feast and set off fireworks.During the New Year, people dress up and say
“Happy New Year” to each other.In addition，what makes children delighted
is getting lucky money, which is a tradition dating back to many years ago.
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