牛津译林版英语七年级下册Unit3语法归纳及练习

7BU3 语法归纳 一. 名词所有格 我们常用名词所有格来表示人或物的所有关系. 1. ‘s 所有格 (1) 表示有生命的事物的所有格,一般在名词后加’s,如果名词是 以-s 或-es 结尾, 就直接加”’” 例 the woman’s son My friends’ hometown (2) 表示时间\距离\国家\城镇等无生命事物的名词,也可以用’s 所有格 例 The boss gave me two days’ holiday. China’s weather is quite different from south to north. (3) 不以-s 或-es 结尾的不规则变化的名词复数,其所有格形式是在后面加’s 例 Children’s Day (4) 表示两者或多人共同用有某物时,只在最后一个名词后面加’s, 表示两者或多 人各自拥有时,要在每个名词后面加’s. (5) 表示住宅,诊所,医院等时,名词所有格所修饰的中心词常被忽略. 例 at the doctor’s (office) go to my uncle’s (home) 2. of 所有格 表示无生命事物的名词和一些表示动物类名词的所有格,常用of短语,放在中心词 后面. 例 the door of the classroom a map of China 3. 双重所有格 如果 of 所有格和’s 所有格,名词性物主代词连用,则构成双重所有格. 例 a friend of Li Lei’s several pens of mine 二. 物主代词 物主代词是表示人或物的所有关系的代词,它分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物 主代词,有人称和数的变化. 1. 物主代词的种类 单数 复数 第 一 人称 第 二 人称 第三人称 第 一 人称 第 二 人称 第三人 称 形容词性物主代 词 my your his her its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers \ ours yours theirs 注 his 的形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词同形;it 没有名词性物主代词. 2. 物主代词的用法 (1) 形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性,在句中用作定语,它的后面必须接名词. 例 This is my new book. That is his book. (2) 名词性物主代词具有名词的特性,后面不能再接名词,它相当于”形容词性物主 代词+名词”,在句中作主语,宾语或表语. 例 These books are ours.(=These books are our books.) 语法练习 一. 用方框中所给动词的适当形式填空 1. -Where is Amy? -She for her mother outside the gate. 2. Simon with his friends always hard at school. 3. Would you like the broken chairs for me this afternoon? 4. His father often makes him homework at home. 5. Does Li Lei often invite his cousin basketball at weekends? 二. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1. My cousin has a pet dog. (it) name is Wangwang. 2. I met a friend of (her) in the street yesterday. 3. Their house is just like our house, but (we) has a bigger balcony. 4. Thanks for all the (member) hard work! More and more people have learned how to keep kids from danger now. 5. Our school is only five (minute) walk from here. 三．单项选择 1. -Excuse me! Is this new house? -Yes, it’s . Their parents bought it last September. A. Lucy and Lily’s; theirs B. Lucy’s and Lily’s;them B. Lucy’s and Lily’s; theirs D. Lucy and Lily’s;them play study do wait fix 2. -Is that model plane? - Yes, it’s . My sister sent it to me. A. Your; my B. your; mine C. you;me D. yours;mine 3. -Tom,are these books ? -No, they are . Mine are on that shelf. A. Mine;Jenny B. yours; Jenny’s C. mine; Jenny’s D. yours;Jenny