Book 1 Unit 1 Teenage Life
1. volunteer n.[C] 志愿者，义工 vi.自愿
1 n.[C] 志愿者，义工: Volunteer Club 志愿者社团
Today, over thirty companies regularly donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers
help to deliver them to the homeless.(2012 山东)
② vi.自愿 volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事
volunteer as sth 自愿担任...
volunteer for sth 自愿做某事
Mark volunteered to ride the bus with Susan each morning and evening until she could manage it
by herself. (2012 天津)
Last summer, I volunteered to work as an English teacher in a primary school for children of
migrant workers (农民工子弟小学).
I will visit Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
【拓展】
→voluntary adj.自愿的，自发的: do voluntary work
She is a voluntary worker at the hospital.
→volunteering n. 志愿活动
Volunteering gives you a chance to change lives, including your own. (2013 北京)
【练习】
（1）About 20 _________ joined the ___________ organization providing help for the elderly last year.
They have _____________to do some cleaning for the old so far.
（2）An old farmer volunteered _________ a guide for the survey trips.
（3）To the teacher’s surprise, no one volunteered ________ the position of monitor.
（4）The couple often __________________________(自愿积极参加活动) that help those in trouble.
（5）（译）我想加入志愿者社团，因为在那我可以见到许多志愿者，这使我自愿地去帮助别人。
2. debate
(1) n.[C,U] 辩论；争论，讨论 under debate 正在讨论中
a heated/lively debate (on/about/over...) 一场激烈/热烈（关于......的）争论
(2) v. (尤指正式)辩论，讨论 debate (with sb.) about/on/over sth. （与某人）辩论/讨论某事
debate wh-从句/wh- to do
We debated on the question deep into the night.
The two sides debated whether to raise the prices of the goods.
【练习】
(1) They debated each other what courses they should take in the coming year.
(2) The suggestion of building a new library in this city is still debate.
(3) Recently there has been heated debate whether the public can use the
university’s sports field for free.
3. prefer vt. 宁愿，偏爱，更喜欢 (preferring; preferred-preferred)
He preferred speaking/ to speak without referring to his notes.
I’d prefer you to start early.
I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better.
I prefer reading books to watching TV.
I prefer to go there by bike rather than (go there) by car.
They preferred the money (should) be used for building schools and hospitals.
【联想发散】
表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”的其他表达：
① would do sth rather than do sth
② would rather do sth than do sth
【拓展】
→preference [ˈprefərəns] n. 偏爱，倾向 ~ (for sb/ sth)
It’s a matter of personal preference.
Many people expressed a strong preference for the original plan.
* give preference to 给….以优惠或优待
Preference should be given to graduates of this university.
* in preference to 优先于，而不是
She was chosen in preference to her sister.
【练习】
（1）In common with many old people, he prefers classical music _______ pop music.
（2）I prefer my English classes ___________________(teach) in English only.
（3）A teacher should not show _______________(prefer) for any one of his pupils.
（4）She preferred us to have the discussion right after the lecture. (用从句改写)
→ She preferred that ________________________the discussion right after the lecture.
（5）I prefer working to sitting there doing nothing.
→ I prefer _________________________ there doing nothing.
（6）他选了钟而不是表。
He chose a clock ___________________________a watch.
prefer +that 从句：该结构中，从句中用虚拟语气: prefer that sb (should) do sth
4. content n.内容；[pl] 目录; [kənˈtent] adj. 满足的，满意的
1 ['kɒntent] n.
①-1: [用单数] （书籍、文章、演讲等的）主要内容
The content of your essay is excellent, but it’s not very well expressed.
①-2: [用复数] （书刊等的）目录
It is advisable to look at the contents page of a book before buying it.
①-3: [用复数] （容器等）容纳的东西
She dropped her handbag and the contents fell out on the floor.
2 [kənˈtent] adj. 满足的，满意的
Happy is he who is content. 知足者常乐。
* be content with 满足于，满意于
I am content with second place, because I know that I tried my hardest.
* be content to do sth 满足于做某事
She is content to live quietly by herself.
【联想发散】
“对...满意”的常用短语小结：
be content with; be pleased with; be satisfied with; be happy with
【练习】
（1）Stricter controls should be placed on the _____________ of video films.
（2）As far as I know, my parents are very content ____________ their present life.
（3）She is quite content _______________(stay) at home to look after her children.
（4）____________________(不满足于) a big house, a loving family, Selina still tries to build her
own career.
（5）我的父母满足于生活在乡村，那里空气新鲜和清洁。
（6）真正对生活满意的人对他们所做之事充满热情。
5. movement
(1) [C,U] （身体部位的）运动；活动 eye movements 眼部运动
(2) [C] （政治、社会或思想的）运动 The artistic movement called the Renaissance began in
Florence. 这场被称为文艺复兴的运动开始于佛罗伦萨。
6. clean up 打扫（或清除）干净；清理
She spent much time cleaning up after the party.
When you finish your dinner, please clean up the kitchen.
【拓展】 (形近短语) clear up 清理(=clean up)；放晴
I don’t mind you using the kitchen as long as you clear/clean up afterwards.
The weather won’t clear up until the rainy season is over.
7. suitable adj. 合适的，适宜的 →[反] unsuitable
a suitable place for a picnic
* be suitable for 适合于
This programme is not suitable for children.
Not all men are suitable for that kind of work.
* be suitable to do sth 适合做某事
It is not suitable for you to dress like that for a party.
【拓展】
→suit [suːt, sjuːt] vt. 适合； n. (一套)衣服
① vt. 适合: suit sb; suit one’s need
If we met at 2 o’clock , would that suit you?
【易混辨析】fit, suit 与 match
fit 主要指尺寸、大小等方面的合适，其主语一般为衣服、鞋、帽等；
suit 主要指款式或花色等方面适合某人的需要、口味、性格、地位等；
match 主要表示“与...相配，相称”，主语和宾语往往是同类，“物对物”或“人对人”
② n. (一套)衣服： a business suit 西服
a suit of 一套
【练习】
（1）We need to find someone suitable ______________(replace) Mary.
（2）(一句多译) 要找个对每个人都合适的时间很困难。
It’s difficult to find a time that ____________________ everybody.
It’s difficult to find a time that is ______________________ for everybody.
（3）这种款式的裙子虽然现在很流行，但是不适合在婚礼上穿。
Though dresses of this style are in fashion now, they __________________ wear in the wedding.
（4）考虑到你的年龄，你不适合这项工作。
Taking your age into account, you ___________________________ this job.
（5）Soon they came to a very long room full of pictures and there they found _____________(一套)
armor (盔甲).
（6）用 suit/ fit/ match 的适当形式填空
This dress doesn’t ______________ me. Have you got a larger size?
This dress doesn’t ______________ me. Have you got another style?
There shoes do not _______________; one is large and the other is small.
The hot weather doesn’t ____________ me.
Blue ____________ you. You should wear it more often.
8. actually adv.实际上，事实上=in fact=in reality=as a matter of fact
He seems to be doing nothing, but actually he is just waiting for a chance.
9. challenge n./v.
(1) n. [C] 挑战；艰巨任务 face a challenge 面临挑战 meet a challenge 迎接挑战
rise to/take up/accept a challenge 接受挑战
(2) vt.怀疑；向......挑战 challenge sb. to sth. 向某人挑战某事 challenge sb. to do sth. 向
某人挑战做某事 Mary challenged me to play another game of tennis.
【拓展】 challenger n. [C]挑战者 challenging adj.具有挑战性的
10. confuse vt.
①使迷惑,使糊涂 It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students.
②混淆 confuse A with B Don’t confuse Austria with Australia.
【拓展】
→confused adj. 感到困惑的 (过去分词表示被动内涵，意为“感到……的”)
confusing adj. 令人困惑的 (现在分词表示主动内涵，意为“令人……的”)
* be confused about 对...感到困惑，疑惑
If you have questions or are confused about anything, email me.
→confusion [kən'fju:ʒ(ə)n] n. 混乱;混淆
fall into confusion 陷入混乱
mental confusion 精神错乱
To avoid confusion, the teams wore different colors.
【练习】
（1）You’re _________________ me with my sister -- she’s the singer.
（2）A survey has showed people ____________________ what they should eat to stay healthy.
（3）I was getting ______________ by such a ______________problem.
（4）The _________look on her face suggested she was _______about the ________ instructions.
（5）His answers to my questions have only added to my _____________.
11. fluent adj. 流利的
He is fluent in English.=He speaks English fluently.=He speaks English with great fluency.
12. graduate
(1) /'ɡrædʒʊeɪt/ vi. & vt.毕业；获得学位 graduate from...毕业于......学校
(2) /'ɡrædʒʊət/ n.毕业生 We would prefer to fill the post with a recent graduate.
Emily was a graduate who graduated from Zhejing Normal University. She graduated in English.
After graduation, she became a teacher in her hometown.
13. recommend vt. 推荐;建议
*recommend doing sth.建议做某事
*recommend sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事
*recommend that sb. (should) do sth. 建议（+宾语从句）
I recommend this book to anyone with an interest in art.
This hotel is highly recommended.
I recommend meeting him first.
The doctor recommended me to take a long rest.
Teachers recommend parents not allow their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.
【拓展】→recommendation n. 推荐，介绍： a letter of recommendation 推荐信
【联想发散】
recommend 及其名词 recommendation 引导的从句均使用“(should) + 动词原形”结构，类似的
单词还有：advise, suggest, command, demand, order, propose, require, request, insist 等。
【练习】
（1）Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam __________ (be) at the age of six month old.
（2）我建议你在出国旅游时把自己的感受写在纸上。
I recommend ________________________________________ on paper while travelling abroad.
（3）For your safety, we recommend you to keep your seat belt tightly fastened during the flight.
(从句改写)
→For your safety, we recommend ______________________ tightly fastened during the flight.
（4）I can recommend these poems ________some of the most moving that i have read this year.
（5）Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai, both are __________________(极力推荐).
14. advance
(1) vt. 推进，促进 vi.前进
We have advanced greatly/significantly/considerably in our knowledge of the universe.
This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.
Confidence and ability usually advance side by side.
(2) 前进；进步；进展
Those who are content with their present situations will surely make no more advances in life.
in advance 提前；预先 I wonder if I can sign up for this course in advance.
A person’s soul is like the torch made of hay. If taking action ,it must burn itself in advance.
人的心灵好比干草扎成的火把，要发生作用，它必须自身先燃烧。
【拓展】 advanced adj.高级的；高等的；先进的 advanced technology 先进科技
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 《牛津高阶学习词典》
The course is designed for advanced learners.
15. quit (quit-quit) vt./vi.停止；戒掉；离开（工作职位、学校等）
Obviously, I was unhappy, but I won’t quit.
quit (doing) sth. 停止（做）某事 quit smoking
quit school 退学 quit one’s job 辞职
16. responsible adj. 负责的；有责任的: be responsible for 对……负责 a responsible teacher
Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages.
【拓展】
→responsibility [rɪspɔnsɪˈbɪlɪtɪ] n. 责任，负责
a sense of responsibility 责任感
take responsibility for 对...负责,承担责任
accept/ shoulder (a) responsibility 承担/ 担起责任
Taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity（成熟）.
With great power, comes great responsibility.（Spider Man） 能力越大，责任越大。
【练习】
（1）Not only you but also he is responsible ________the terrible accident.
（2）As far as I know, he is a man of a sense of _______________________(responsible).
（3）轮流照顾生病的母亲是我们的责任。
_______________________to take care of our sick mother by turns.
（4）一句多译： 全球变暖是造成近年来最严重的洪水泛滥的诸多因素之一。
-1:Global warming is one of the many factors_______________________ the worst flooding in
recent years. (用定语从句)
-2: Global warming is one of the many factors _______________________the worst flooding in
recent years. (用形容词短语)
17. schedule n. 工作计划，日程安排 v. 安排时间，预定
① n. 工作计划，日程安排 a train schedule 列车时刻表
When you’re on a busy/ tight schedule, every minute counts.
The majority of holiday flights depart and arrive on schedule. 准时，按照预定时间
Thanks to your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule. 提前
The tunnel project has already fallen behind schedule. 落后,迟于预定时间
② v. 安排时间，预定 [常用于被动语态]
be scheduled for 预定在
be scheduled to do sth 预计/计划做某事
as scheduled 如期,按照预定时间
The sale is scheduled for tomorrow.
The trip is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City.
【练习】
（1）The task will be finished ________________________(提前) if nothing prevents.
（2）The film star is scheduled ________________(arrive) in Shanghai at 10 o’clock.
（3）他定于 6 月 24 日至 27 日对北京进行正式访问。
His official visit to Beijing ___________________________June 24 to 27.
（4）You’d better finish the project _________________________（按时）.
（5）只要天气好，明天我们就按计划动身旅行。
Weather permitting, we will set out on our journey _______________ tomorrow.
18. solution n.解决办法；答案
I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain.
19. expert
(1) n. [C] 专家，行家 be/become an expert at/in/on (doing) sth. 是/成为（做）某事的专家
(2) adj. 熟练的，内行的，经验（或知识）丰富的 be/become expert at/in/on (doing) sth. 擅
长/变得擅长（做）某事 He is expert at cooking crayfish.
He is an expert on French history so he is expert at answering these questions.
20. behavior n. 行为；举止 I think all of us should mind our behavior in public places.
【拓展】behave v.表现；(使)表现得体 badly-/well-behaved children (不)守规矩的孩子
behave oneself 举止得体，守规矩
Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves.
21. generation n.一代人 from generation to generation 代代相传 generation gap 代沟
Life is for one generation, a good name is forever.生命只有一代之久,而美名永存于世.
One generation plants the trees in whose shade another generation rests.
22. attract vt.吸引；引起......的注意（或兴趣）attract sb.’s attention/interest
attract...to... 引起......对......的兴趣=be attracted to be attracted by... 被......吸引
【拓展】
→attraction n. [U] 吸引；吸引力 have no/a little/much attraction for sb.
[C]有吸引力的事 tourist attractions 旅游胜地
→attractive adj.有吸引力的；吸引人的 be attractive to...对......有吸引力
In Beijing, there are many tourist , like the Great Wall, the Temple pf Heaven and
Tian’anmen Square. But what me most is the Great Wall, which is also to
the foreigners. More and more foreigners to its beauty and come to China. (attract)
23. focus
(1) v. 集中(精力、注意力等); (把)(眼睛)对准，使聚焦
focus (one's attention/energy/mind) on/upon ...集中(某人的注意力/精力/心思)于......
You’d better focus your attention on/upon your study.
focus one’s eyes on...注视...... He focused his blue eyes on her.
(2) n. [C]焦点，关注 the focus of attention 关注的焦点 bring...into focus 使......成为焦点
Recently, the traffic jam has become the focus of attention.
24. addicted adj. 上瘾的,成瘾的,入迷的
be/ become/ get addicted to (doing) sth 对…上瘾，沉溺于
He was addicted to playing computer games.
【拓展】
→addict n. 成瘾者, 沉迷者: a TV/ football addict 电视迷/足球迷
vt. 使成瘾, 使入迷： addict oneself to sth 沉溺于
→addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
→addiction n. 嗜好: drug/ alcohol/ Internet addiction 毒瘾/酒瘾/网瘾
【辨析】 addicted & addictive
addicted 多用于形容人“对...上瘾”；addictive 多用于修饰物“使人上瘾的”。
【练习】
（1）Li Ming is a game ____________, and his father has been trying to prevent him from
____________________to computer games which are very ________________.
（2）More and more people, young or old, nowadays have ________________________（沉迷于）
the Internet.
（3）There was a time when I _________________________(沉迷于) computer games; how I
regret now.
（4）（一句多译）很多孩子沉迷于上网，他们已对学习失去了兴趣。
-1 Many kids ________________surfing the Internet, and they have lost interest in study.
-2 ___________________ surfing the Internet, many kids have lost interest in study.
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