分析河北近10年中考真题可知，书面表达的话题一般都是学
生熟悉的内容，并给出提示及要求，对写作内容、范围作出规定，
提供写作的线索。考生审题不充分或对所给题目及提示理解不深
刻就开始写作，往往会导致“下笔千言，离题万里”的情况。因
此，在真正开始写作之前，考生应合理安排时间进行审题构思，
包含以下5个方面：
写作技巧 1 审题要清，言之有物
①定主题：根据题干或者标题，确定围绕写作的中心话题；
②定文体：根据题干中“写一篇短文/演讲稿/发言稿/邮件/一封信/……”
再结合主题，确定写作应采用的文章体裁；
③定要点：根据所给提示或表格内容，确定写作的具体方面、角度、
详略，注意内容的连贯性和合理性；
④定人称：根据所给提示及标题，确定相应要点的人称指代；
⑤定时态：根据所给提示确定相应要点的时态。故事性文章一般用过
去时，表达感受时可用一般现在时；说明性或议论性的文章一般用一
般现在时。
写作技巧 2 妙用高级词汇
靓 词 积 累
普通词汇 高级词汇
advantage(n.)优势 benefit; strength; strong point
appear(v.)出现 turn up; show up
believe(v.)相信 trust; believe in
bear(v.)忍受 put up with
普通词汇 高级词汇
build(v.)建立 create; found; establish; set up
chance(n.)机会 opportunity
coming(adj.)即将到来的 around the corner
continue(v.)继续 go on
decide(v.)决定 make up one's mind
difficult(adj.)困难的 tough; challenging
difficulty(n.)困难 challenge
disadvantage(n.)劣势 shortcoming; weakness; down side; weak point
experience(v.)经历 go through
普通词汇 高级词汇
finally(adv.)最后 at last; in the end; eventually
get(v.)获得 obtain; gain
goal(n.)目标 aim; purpose
great(adj.)杰出的 excellent; wonderful; outstanding
happen(v.)发生 occur; take place; come about
help(v.)帮助 do...a favor; give sb. a hand
know(v.)知道；了解 realize; be aware of; learn about
notice(v.)注意 focus on; pay attention to; concentrate on; keep an eye on
普通词汇 高级词汇
now(adv.)现在 nowadays; at present
problem(n.)问题 issue; question; trouble
raise(v.)抚养 bring up
realize(v.)意识到 be aware of
refuse(v.)拒绝 turn down
remember(v.)记住 keep/bear (sth.) in mind
replace(v.)代替 take the place of
see(v.)看见 catch sight of
should(v.)应该 be supposed to
普通词汇 高级词汇
so(conj.)
因此；所以 therefore; thus; as a result(of); because of
stop(v.)停止 prevent; hold back
thing(n.)事情 matter; affair; business
think(v.)认为 in one's opinion; as far as I am concerned;
hold the view (that)
try(v.)努力 make efforts
want(v.)想要 would like to; feel like; be willing to
way(n.)方法 approach; method; means
即 学 即 练
用高级词汇升级下面句子中的黑体部分
1. Could you help me take the box up to the sixth floor?
____________________________________________________________
2. Everyone should always notice their own words and behavior to
develop a good habit of civilized tourism.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_________________________
Could you do me a favor to take the box up to the sixth floor?
Everyone should always pay attention to/focus on/concentrate
on/keep an eye on their own words and behavior to develop a good
habit of civilized tourism.
3. It is necessary for us to realize the importance of protecting the
environment.
____________________________________________________________
____________
4. It is better for us to remember that we should learn something by
our hearts.
____________________________________________________________
_________________________
It is necessary for us to be aware of the importance of protecting
the environment.
It is better for us to keep/bear in mind that we should learn
something by our hearts.
5. No one can replace you to make the important decision.
___________________________________________________________
6. We should spare some time to stay with our family members
instead of losing ourselves in playing with phones.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
No one can take the place of you to make the important decision.
We are supposed to spare some time to stay with our family
members instead of losing ourselves in playing with phones.
7. I think a wealthy person is the one who is knowledgeable and wise.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
8. We should try to balance the relationship between our health and
study.
____________________________________________________________
_________________
In my opinion/As far as I am concerned/I hold the view that a
wealthy person is the one who is knowledgeable and wise.
We should make efforts to balance the relationship between our
health and study.
9. She decided to accept the challenge and move forward step by step.
___________________________________________________________
_____________
10. Even if I don't choose to be an actor, I want to take part in a play
someday.
___________________________________________________________
________________________________________
She made up her mind to accept the challenge and move forward
step by step.
Even if I don't choose to be an actor, I would like/am willing to
take/feel like taking part in a play someday.
写作技巧 3 选用高级句式(状从、宾从、定从及特殊句式)
（一）巧用状语从句
修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫状语从句。状
语从句根据其用途可分为：时间状语从句、让步状语从句、条件
状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句和结果状语从句。
1. 时间状语从句：while, when, since, before, after, until/till, as
soon as...
①When he heard about the talent show would be held at his school,
Brian decided to take part in it.
②We can't go across the street until the light is green.
③We need to think twice before we follow others.
句 式 范 例
2. 让步状语从句：though/although, even though/if, whatever,
whenever...
①Although he is very young, Zach has won several medals in
swimming competitions.
②He will not tell the secret even though/if he knows it.
3. 条件状语从句：if, unless, as long as
①If you come to my birthday party, I will be very happy.
②We will make progress as long as we work hard.
4. 原因状语从句：because, since
Lily stayed at home. It rained heavily.
→Lily stayed at home because it rained heavily.
5. 目的状语从句：so that, in order that
Jim studied hard. He could enter his dream high school.
→Jim studied hard so that he could enter his dream high school.
6. 结果状语从句：so...that..., such...that...
I was very nervous. I couldn't fall asleep all night.
→I was so nervous that I couldn't fall asleep all night.
即 学 即 练
1. He has been a teacher here. He graduated from university.(用since
连接)
____________________________________________________________
2. We keep practicing. We will learn English well.(用as long as连接)
____________________________________________________________
He has been a teacher here since he graduated from university.
We will learn English well as long as we keep practicing.
3. Everyone tries to protect the environment. The world will be a
better place to live in. (用if连接)
____________________________________________________________
_______________________
4. 当我们听别人说话时，保持安静是非常重要的。(用while)
____________________________________________________________
If everyone tries to protect the environment, the world will be a
better place to live in.
It's very important to be quiet while we are listening to others.
5. 许多青少年在生病之前不太注意他们的健康。(用before)
____________________________________________________________
_____________
6. 尽管这个小男孩犯了一些错误，我们还是应该再给他一次机会。
(用though)
____________________________________________________________
______________
Many teenagers do not pay much attention to their health before
they get ill.
We should give the little boy another chance though he has made
some mistakes.
7. 不管我们遇到什么困难，我们都应该勇敢面对。(用whatever)
____________________________________________________________
8. 我知道我最好的朋友关心我，因为她总是和我在一起。(用because)
____________________________________________________________
____________
Whatever difficulties we meet, we should face them bravely.
I know my best friend cares about me because she always stays with
me.
9. 你应该尽可能多地和你的父母交流，这样他们才能更好地了解你。
(用so that)
____________________________________________________________
_________________________________
10. 她很高兴得了一等奖以至于情不自禁地哭了。(用so...that...)
____________________________________________________________
____________
You should communicate with your parents as much as possible so
that they can understand you better.
She was so happy about getting the first prize that she couldn't help
crying.
（二）巧用宾语从句
宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。其从句部分在整个句子中作
宾语，从句的语序必须是陈述句语序，即“连接词＋主语＋谓语
＋其他部分”。常见的连接词有：that, if/whether, what, when,
where, how, who等。
句 式 范 例
1. “It's perfect，” Gina praised.
→Gina praised (that) it was perfect.
2. Does Kate get up early? Do you know it?
→Do you know if/whether Kate gets up early?
3. “Where did you go yesterday？” my classmate asked me.
→My classmate asked me where I went yesterday.
4. How can we get to the park? Could you tell us about it?
→Could you tell us how we can get to the park?
5. She said to her mother, “The dress is really beautiful.”
→She said to her mother (that) the dress was really beautiful.
即 学 即 练
11. Should I live in the city or the countryside? I'm not sure.
____________________________________________________________
12. Ms. Li gave us some advice. We can do something to live a greener
life.
____________________________________________________________
I'm not sure whether I should live in the city or the countryside.
Ms. Li gave us some advice on what we can do to live a greener life.
13. I'm sorry. I will be away for some time.
____________________________________________________________
14. Keep it in mind. Neither success nor failure is your final result.
____________________________________________________________
I'm sorry that I will be away for some time.
Keep it in mind that neither success nor failure is your final result.
（三）巧用定语从句
在定语从句中，从句在句子中作定语，修饰先行词。初中阶
段应掌握简单的由that, which, who/whom引导的定语从句。
句 式 范 例
1. 先行词为人：who/whom/that引导
①He is a doctor who/that has saved a lot of people's lives.
②The way we speak usually depends on whom we are speaking to.
2. 先行词为物：which/that引导
①I like sports which/that are safe for me.
②This is the best gift that I have ever received.
15. Everyone knows a kind man. The kind man is called Lei Feng.
____________________________________________________________
16. The building is very famous. The building was built 100 years ago.
____________________________________________________________
17. He is a brave man. He helped the girl out of the water.
____________________________________________________________
Everyone knows the kind man who/that is called Lei Feng.
The building which/that was built 100 years ago is very famous.
He is the brave man who/that helped the girl out of the water.
即 学 即 练
（四）巧用特殊句式
利用比较等级、感叹句、it作形式主语或形式宾语等特殊句
式来丰富文章的句式结构，以避免造成读者的阅读疲劳。
句 式 范 例
1. 比较等级
当对事物进行程度上的比较时，可采用形容词和副词的单个比较等
级：同级比较、比较级和最高级。常用结构有：“as...as”结构，
“more...than”结构，“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构，“比
较级＋and＋比较级”结构和“the most...”结构。
(1)同级比较：I learn English as carefully as my friend Jane.
(2)比较级：The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will
make.
(3)最高级：He is one of the best players in our school.
2. 感叹句
巧用感叹句可将说话者说话时惊讶、喜悦、愤怒、气愤等内心
情感表达得更加强烈。
①We were very excited.→How excited we were!
②Timmy is an outgoing boy.
→What an outgoing boy Timmy is!
3. it作形式主语或形式宾语
it用作形式主语可避免句子头重脚轻，它代替的是句子的逻
辑主语。当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作宾
语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形
式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾，此时it仍只起先行引导作用，
本身无词义。如：
We should protect the environment. It is important.
→It is important for us to protect the environment.
18. 他像他哥哥一样努力学习。
____________________________________________________________
19. 我们变得越善良，我们的世界就会变得越美好。
____________________________________________________________
He studies as hard as his brother.
The kinder we become, the better our world will be.
即 学 即 练
20. 在运动会中，保罗比其他任何学生跳得都远。
____________________________________________________________
21. 我不得不说这是我见过的最美的城市。
____________________________________________________________
Paul jumped farther than any other student in the sports meeting.
I have to say that this is the most beautiful city I've ever seen.
22. The food you served tonight is delicious.(用what引导感叹句)
____________________________________________________________
23. He is brave.(用how引导感叹句)
____________________________________________________________
24. We are flying kites happily in the park.(用how引导感叹句)
____________________________________________________________
What delicious food you served tonight!
How brave he is!
How happily we are flying kites in the park!
25. Students spend all their time working and never having fun. It is
not wise.(用it作形式主语)
____________________________________________________________
____________
26. We practice spoken English every day. We find it necessary.(用it作
形式宾语)
____________________________________________________________
27. We should learn to wait in line. Do you think it necessary？(用it作
形式宾语)
____________________________________________________________
It is not wise for students to spend all their time working and never
having fun.
We find it necessary to practice spoken English every day.
Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line?
写作技巧 4 巧用衔接词、过渡语
过 渡 词 汇 积 累
类别 单词/短语 例句
并列
and 和；又；而
both...and...两者都
on the one hand... on the other
hand一方面……，另一方面
not only...but (also)...
不但……，而且……
what's worse 更糟糕的是……
On the one hand, I can make some money
by doing it to help my parents. On the
other hand, I can get some experience
from it, which will do good to my future
life.一方面，我能通过做这样的事赚些钱
来帮助父母，另一方面，我能从中获得一
些经验，这会对我将来的生活有益。
类别 单词/短语 例句
转折
but 但是 however 然而
while 然而
otherwise 否则；不然
on the contrary 相反地
The phone brings advantages to us. However, it
also brings many bad effects on our life and
health.手机给我们带来了好处。然而，它也给
我们的生活和健康带来了许多不良影响。
类别 单词/短语 例句
顺序
firstly/(at) first/first of all/in
the first place/to begin with/at
the beginning 首先
second(ly) 其次
after that 之后
then 然后 later 后来
finally/in the end 最后
Firstly, I collected all the books,
newspapers and other things and put them
in place. Then I cleaned the dust off all the
furniture. After that, I swept the floor. 首先，
我把所有的书籍、报纸和其他东西收集起
来放好。接着我把所有家具上的灰尘清理
掉。在那之后我扫了地。
类别 单词/短语 例句
因果
because (of)/since/for 因为
so 所以 therefore 因此
due to/owing to 由于
so that 以便于
as a result (of) 结果
Good health plays an important role both in
our study and life. Therefore, it is high time to
take good care of your body. 健康的身体在我
们的学习和生活中都扮演着重要的角色。因
此，是时候照顾好你的身体了。
类别 单词/短语 例句
观点
in my opinion/view/eyes 在我看来
as far as I am concerned 在我看来
as for me 在我看来；至于我
personally 个人看来
to be honest/frankly speaking
坦诚地说
①In my opinion, it's always a good
idea to be kind and polite. 在我看来，
友善和有礼貌总是个好主意。
②As far as I am concerned, it is his
hard work that leads to his great
achievements. 在我看来，正是他的努
力使他取得了巨大的成就。
类别 单词/短语 例句
总结
on the whole 总的来说
in conclusion/in a
word/all in all/to sum
up/in summary/in
brief/in short 总之，
总而言之
①On the whole, you should be proud of your
improvement in English. 总的来说，你应该为你的
英语进步感到骄傲。
②In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable
and easily available form of exercise. 总之，步行
是一种廉价、安全、愉快和容易获得的锻炼方式。
类别 单词/短语 例句
其他
if 如果 unless 除非
in other words 换句话说
that is (to say) 也就是说
actually/in fact/as a
matter of fact 事实上
If possible, make more Chinese friends, from
whom you will practice more and learn more
about Chinese. 如果可能的话，多结交一些中国
朋友，你可以从他们那里得到更多练习汉语的
机会，并且可以了解更多的汉语知识。
一、用过渡衔接词汇补全句子
1. Taking regular exercise ________ strengthens your body, ________
helps you sleep well.
2. I'd like to say sorry to you ________ I lost the book you lent me last
week.
3. You can dream about writing a great play, but it's never going to
happen ________ you actually put pen to paper.
not only but also
because
unless
即 学 即 练
4. She made a wish ________ blew out the candles in one go.
5. We should ________ eat in the library ________ talk in the library.
6. Never give up your hobbies. ______________________(同时), don't
forget about your study.
and
neither nor
At the same time
7. ______________(多亏) the materials you provided, I have a better
understanding of the custom.
8. ________________________________(坦诚地说), I have to improve
my chemistry because my chemistry is not good enough.
9. __________________________________________________________
________(总之), I like paper reading more than online reading.
Thanks to
To be honest/Frankly speaking
In conclusion/In a word/All in all/To sum up/In summary/In brief/
In short
二、用过渡衔接词汇补全短文
Everything has its own beauty, so does reading. ①__________
__________________________(就我而言), the beauty of reading can
be seen in three aspects.
②_______________________(首先), the more books you read,
the more knowledge you will get. As an old Chinese saying goes,
“There is a golden house in the book.”
As far as
I am concerned/As for me
First of all/To begin with
③________(当……时) reading books, we can learn more knowledge
about history, culture, people and so on. ④________________(第二),
reading can open up our eyes and minds. How far you can go depends
on how far you can see. After reading, we can think about the
problems more deeply and find more ways to solve them.
While
Secondly
⑤_________________________________(最后), reading can increase
our imagination and creativity. ⑥_____________(当……时) you are
reading, you can create different pictures in your mind.
⑦__________________(简而言之), reading is a good habit. It's
never too late to read.
Last but not least/At last/Finally
As/When
In short/In brief
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