Unit5 First Aid
What is first aid?
First aid is the first kind of help
given to someone who suddenly
falls ill or gets injured before a
doctor can be found.
snake
a snake bite
Lay the victim down and keep him / her
still. Don’t try to suck out the venom (毒液);
Don’t apply a tourniquet (止血带). Apply
pressure to the bitten area with your hands
and then with a bandage firmly over the
bite. Do not move the victim. Call medical
help.
bleeding
Put a bandage on the wound and
apply pressure to reduce the
bleeding.
a sprained ankle
Have the victim sit down and elevate
(抬高) the foot. Put an ice pack on
the ankle to reduce the swelling(肿胀)
Put a firm bandage around the foot
and ankle.
choking
If the person can cough, don’t do
anything. If he/she can’t cough and is
turning blue in the face, make him/her
spit by patting him/her on the back.
a broken arm
Don’t move the broken bone if possible.
Keep the arm still using a sling (吊腕带)
Get medical help immediately.
a bloody nose
Get the person to sit down, tilt(倾斜)
his/her head forward slightly and
gently pinch(捏) the soft part of the
nose below the bridge (鼻梁).
What has happened?
What sort of injuries will the child have?
What kind of first aid would you perform?
1.aid 帮助,援助,赞助
first aid 急救
come/ go to sb’s aid 援助某人
with the aid of 在… 的帮助下
aid sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
aid sb in doing sth 帮助某人做某事
Eg. ① He came to my aid at once.
② He was able to find the museum with the aid
of a map.
③ We aided him in raising the money.
④He aided me with money.
2. fall ill 生病 属短暂性动词, 不与
for + 时间段连用
be ill 指生病的状态,是持续性行为, 可与
for + 时间段连用
His wife suddenly fell ill last week.
He has been ill for a week.
fall 用作连系动词，后常接形容词。
fall asleep 睡着
fall silent 沉默不语
Task One Fast reading
Read the title of the text and the headings
within it. Skim for general idea.
1.What is the topic of the text and how
is the information organized?
2.How many parts are the text divided
into and what are they?
1. What is the topic of the text and how is the information
organized?
It is about first aid for burns and the information is organized
according to causes, types, characteristics and first aid
treament for burns.
2.How many parts are the text divided into and what are they?
It can be divided into 5 parts.
1. The purpose of skin
2. How we can get burns/ causes of burns
3. The three types of burns
4. The symptoms/ characteristics of
burns.
5. What to do if someone gets burn/
first aid treatment
Task two Detail reading
Read parts1 to 3. Then answer the following
questions.
1.What can skin do for our body ?
①protect you against diseases, poisons and sun’s harmful rays;
② keep you warn or cool;
③prevent you from losing water;
④gives you sense of touch.
We can get burnt by : hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation,
the sun, electricity and chemicals.
3. They are: First degree burns;
Second degree burns; Third degree burns
3. How many types of burns? What are they?
2. how can we get burnt?
B
A
C
Extremely
painful
Mildly swollen
•Tissue under
them often
can be seen.
Read part4
Listen to part5 Treatment
1. ______ clothing and jewellery near the
burns.
2. ______ the burns with cool water.
3. ______ cool, clean wet cloths or the
burns.
4. ______ the burned area gently.
5. ______ the burned area with a dry
clean bandage.
6. ______ the burned area ______ than
the heart, if possible.
7. ______ the victim ____the doctor or
hospital, if possible.
Take off
Place
Dry
Cover
Keep
Get to
higher
Cool
Discuss the following situations:
1. Sam knocked over a kettle full of boiling water
onto his legs. His legs became red, swollen and
covered with blisters. Sam broke the blisters and
poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin.
2. While ironing clothes, Miss Good accidentally
touched the iron. Her wrist blistered and became
watery. It hurt a lot. She put her wrist under the
cold water tap and then kept placing cool, clean,
damp cloths on it until it was less painful. Then
she went to see the doctor.
Read part 5
3. Mrs Casey’s sleeve caught fire while she was
cooking. Her arm looked terrible but it didn’t hurt.
The skin was charred. Her husband took off her
blouse and picked off bits of the blouse stuck to the
burn. He then placed butter on the burn and covered
it with a wet bandage.
4. After an hour in the sun, Lily noticed her arms
were red and hurt a bit. She went home and put them
under running water.
1. Our skin has three layers.
2. We will never get burned by the sun.
3. Burns are divided into three degrees according
to the degree of pain.
4. Third degree burns are the most serious and
painful.
5. Put cool water on any burns to cool them.
6. Don’t rub the burns
7. It’s better that you put some butter or oil on
burns.
Tell if the following statements are true or false:
1.Why should you put cold water on a burn?
2.Why doesn’t a third degree burn hurt?
3.Why do you think clothes and jewellery
near burns should be removed?
4.If someone has a third degree burn, why
might you see tissue?
Questions
1. Why should you put cold water on a burn?
2. Why doesn’t a third degree burn hurt?
3. Why do you think clothes and jewellery near burns
should be removed?
4. If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see
tissue?
Because the cold water stop the burning process,
stop the pain and reduces the swelling.
Because in a third degree burn the nerves are damaged.
If there are no nerves, there is no pain.
Because this may break any blisters and the wound
may get infected.
Because these affect all three layers of the skin and
any tissue and organs under the skin.
What first
aid can I
offer?
discussion
Press the chest
lift the jaw
tilt the head backward
Assist Breathing
(Mouth-to-Mouth)
1. treatment 不可数名词 “ 对待, 待遇,处理; 治疗
工人们受到政府优厚的待遇.
The workers received good treatment from the
government
可数名词 . “ 疗法”
他们正在实验一种治疗癌症的新疗法.
They are trying _____________________________a new treatment for cancer
be under treatment 在治疗中
be under one’s treatment 接受某人的治疗
for treatment 进行治疗
treatment for + 疾病的名词 治…病的方法
①她仍在医院接受治疗.
②他接受了医生的治疗, 不久就痊愈了.
③他已去伦敦住院进行特殊治疗.
④他已试验过许多治疗皮肤病的方法.
She’s still under treatment in hospital.
He soon recovered under the doctor’s treatment.
He’s gone to hospital in London for special treatment
He has tried many treatments for skin disease.
2. mild 轻微的, 温和的, 温柔的
我们校长是一个很温和的人.
他只是受到了轻微的惩罚
Our headmaster is a mild person.
He was given a mild punishment.
这个季节天气非常宜人。
The weather is very mild for the season.
3. iron n. 铁, 熨斗 irons 镣铐
v. 烫熨
这个杀人犯的双脚被套上了镣铐。
The murderer’s legs were put in irons.
这种材料很好烫。
This material irons well/ easily.
4. swell v. 膨胀，隆起
①她的腿肿得很厉害。
②风鼓起了帆。
③大雨使河水上涨了。
Her leg has swollen badly.
The wind swelled the sails.
The heavy rain swelled the river.
swollen 可作形容词，表示“ 肿胀的”
Her eyes were red and swollen with weeping.
她的眼睛哭得又红又肿。
5。 damage v. 损害， 损坏
n. 损害， 毁坏， 破坏 （ 不可数）
①这场战争损害了两国之间的关系。
②地震造成了重大破坏。
The war damaged the relations between the
countries.
The earthquake caused great damage.
区别damage, destroy 和ruin
damage “损坏”, 意味着损坏后的价值或效率降低,
一般是部分性的。
destroy 指十分彻底地“ 破坏”， 含有不能或很难修复
的意思。
ruin 指某物被损害到不能再修复，不能再使用
的程度。
I damaged my shoes in basketball practice
today.
今天练篮球时我把鞋弄坏了。
The building was completely destroyed by
fire.
那所房子被烧得一干二净。
My new sweater is ruined.
我的新毛衣全完了。
6。jewellery 和jewel 的辨析：
两者均有“ 珍宝首饰” 之意，jewellery 为集体
名词， 不可数；jewel 为可数名词
① She appeared at the party wearing some of
Her finest________.
A.jewels B. jewelleries C. jewel D. jewellers
② I want to buy ____ as a birthday gift for my
daughter.
A. some jewel B. a piece of jewel
C. a jewellery D. a piece of jewellery
A
D
7. squeeze out 榨出， 挤出
他们被年轻人挤出了就业市场。
They have been squeezed out of the job
market by young people.
squeeze money from sb 向某人勒索钱财
squeeze money out of sb
那个年轻人经常向那个小学生勒索钱财。
The young man often squeezes money from/
out of the pupil.
8. over and over again 反复多次
again and again , time and again
over and over, time and time again
9. wound n.伤，创伤 v. 伤害，使受伤
区别wound, injure, harm 与 hurt:
wound 一般指外伤，如枪伤，刀伤等， 尤指
在战场上受伤；也可指在感情上荣誉方面的创伤。
injure 常指因意外或事故而造成的损伤，还可
表示在感情上，荣誉上的伤害，可用于人或物。
harm 指损害有生命的或无生命的东西；也可指
肉体上或精神上的损害。
hurt 指任何肉体或精神上的伤害。尤其指
打伤，刺伤；还可表示“疼痛”。
①He died from the sword wound.
他死于这次剑伤。
②The bullet wounded him in his arm.
子弹打伤了他的手臂。
③He was injured in a traffic accident.
他在一次交通事故中受了伤。
④We won’t do anything that will harm the cause
of peace.
我们不会做任何危及和平事业的事。
⑤He fell off the ladder and hurt his leg.
他从梯子上摔下来，上了腿。
10. In place 在适当的位置， 适当
out of place 不在适当的位置， 不适当
in place of 代替
take the place of 代替
She likes everything _______________ before
she starts work.
Her criticisms were quite _____________.
( 她的批评太不相宜了）
Let me go ____ your _____.
to be in place
out of place
in place
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