人教版八年级下册Unit4单元知识点导学案

1 年 级 八年级 学 科 英语 版 本 人教版（新目标） 课程标题 下册 Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents? 一、学习目标 谈论问题以及给出建议。 —What’s wrong? —I’m really tired because I studied until midnight last night. —What should I do? —Why don’t you forget about it? —What should he do? —He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry. 二、重点、难点 重点 单词：allow, argue, offer, explain 短语：work out, get on with, cut out, compare …with 句型： （1）Why don’t you talk to your parents? （2）Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal. （3）He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry. （4）You shouldn’t wait until the last minute to study for a test. 难点 从属连词 although, so that, until 引导的状语从句。 2 一、单词领读 allow v. 允许；准许 wrong adj. 错误的；不对的 guess v. 猜测；估计 deal n. 协议；交易 relation n. 关系；联系；交往 communication n. 交流；沟通 argue v. 争吵；争论 cloud n. 云；云朵 elder adj. 年纪较长的 instead adv. 代替；反而；却 whatever pron. 任何；每一 nervous adj. 焦虑的；担忧的 offer v. 主动提出；自愿给予 proper adj. 正确地；恰当地 secondly adv. 第二；其次 communicate v. 交流；沟通 copy v. 复制；复印 return v. 回来；回去 member n. 成员；分子 pressure n. 压力 compete v. 竞争；对抗 opinion n. 意见；想法；看法 skill n. 技艺；技巧 typical adj. 典型的 football n. 足球 continue v. 持续；继续存在 compare v. 比较 crazy adj. 不理智的；疯狂的 push v. 推动；移动 development n. 发展；发育；成长 cause n. 造成；引起 usual adj. 通常的；寻常的 perhaps adv. 可能；大概；也许 二、重点单词 【单词学习】 1. allow v. 允许；准许 【用法】 （1）allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 （2）allow （doing） sth. 允许（做）某事 3 （3）be allowed to do sth. 是 allow sb. to do sth.的被动结构，意为：被允许做某事。 【例句】 His parents don’t allow him to go out at night. 他父母不允许他晚上出去。 We don’t allow eating in the classroom. 我们不允许在教室里吃东西。 Students should be allowed to do their homework with their friends. 学生应当被允许和朋友一块做作业。 【考题链接】 The girl’s mother doesn’t allow her ___________ TV on school nights. A. to watch B. watching C. watch D. watches 答案：A 思路分析：allow sb. to do sth. 是常用结构，所以后面应用动词不定式形式。句意为“这 个女孩的妈妈不允许她上学期间的晚上看电视。” 2. argue v. 争吵；争论 【用法】 常用短语为：argue with sb. 意为“与某人争吵”。 【例句】 Joe often argues with his classmates. 乔经常与他的同学争吵。 【拓展】 argument n. 争论；争吵，have an argument with sb. =argue with sb. 【例句】 We had an argument with each other last week. = We argued with each other last week. 上周我们互相发生了争吵。 【考题链接】 4 Who had an argument with your English teacher? （改为同义句） Who ___________ ____________ your English teacher? 答案：argued with 思路分析：have an argument with sb. = argue with sb. 意为“与某人争吵”。 3. offer v. 主动提出；自愿给予 【用法】 offer sb. sth. ＝offer sth. to sb.提供某人某物 offer to do sth. 愿意做某事，主动提出做某事 【例句】 The young man offered the old man his own seat on the bus. = The young man offered his own seat to the old man on the bus. 那个年轻人在公共汽车上将自己的座位让给了那个老人。 She offered to help us. 她主动提出要帮助我们。 【辨析】 offer, provide 二者都可以作动词“提供”讲，但二者所接的成分不同。 provide 为某人提供某物：provide sth. for sb.=provide sb. with sth 【例句】 He offered me some money. 他提供给我一些钱。 He provided me with some money. 他提供给我一些钱。 【考题链接】 Newspapers ___________much useful information every day. When we arrive at a new place, buy a newspaper first. 5 A. offer us B. provide with us C. buy D. provide with 答案：A 思路分析：由句意“报纸每天给我们提供许多有用的信息”可排除 C 项，它意为“买”； 意为“提供”时，offer 后可接双宾语即 offer sb. sth.，故选 A 项。 4. explain v. 解释；说明 【用法】 可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。常构成短语： explain sth. to sb.= explain to sb. sth. 作及物动词时，后可接从句。 【例句】 Please explain the word in English to me. = Please explain to me the word in English. 请用英语向我解释一下这个单词。 He made up a story to explain why he was late. 他编了一个故事来解释他迟到的原因。 【考题链接】 After class, I asked the teacher _________ that difficult sentence. A. to explain me B. explain me C. to explain to me D. explain to me 答案：C 思路分析：ask sb. to do sth.是固定结构；故排除 B, D 两项；explain to sb. sth.是正确用 法，故选 C 项。句意为“下课后，我请老师给我解释一下那个难句”。 【即学即练】 根据句意以及汉语提示完成单词 1. Will you _________（允许） me to go to the cinema tonight? 2. My sister _________（提供） us some information about the travel yesterday. 3. Why did they __________（争吵） with each other? 6 4. The father doesn’t want to listen to his son’s __________（解释）. 答案：1. allow 2. offered 3. argue 4. explanation 三、重点短语 【短语学习】 1. work out 成功地发展；解决 【用法】 work out 还有“算出；计算出；制定出”之意。它是一个“动词+副词”的短语动词， 宾语若是代词，则只能放在 work 和 out 之间。 【例句】 Everything is working out well. 事事都很顺利。 We worked out that math problem. 我们计算出了那道数学题。 The physics problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out. 这道物理题很难以至于我算不 出。 【考题链接】 We didn’t plan it like that but it __________ very well. A. work out B. working out C. to work out D. worked out 答案：D 思路分析：本句是一个由 but 连接的并列句，因此前后分句时态应保持一致。前边用的 是过去时，故选项 D 正确。句意为“我们没有计划它能那样，但是却很成功”。 2. get on with 和睦相处；关系良好 【用法】 get on with sb. / sth.=get along with sb./sth. 和某人相处融洽；事情进展 get on well with sb./ sth. =get along well with sb./sth. 和某人好好相处；事情进展顺利 7 【例句】 I’m getting along/ on well with my new classmates. 我和我的新同学相处得融洽。 How is Tom getting along/on with his study? 汤姆学习进展怎样？ 【考题链接】 Can you get ___________ well ___________ your neighbor? A. on; for B. along; with C. up; with D. along; to 答案：B 思路分析：get on/ along well with sb. 意为“与某人相处融洽”。句意为“你能和你的邻 居好好相处吗？” 3. cut out 删除；删去 【用法】 为动词+副词短语，宾语是代词时，要放在 cut 和 out 之间。 【例句】 Please cut out that sentence. 请删除那个句子。 I don’t want you to take part in that activity. Cut it out. 我不想让你去参加那个活动。取消吧。 【拓展】 cut off 切除；cut down 砍倒；cut up 切碎 【例句】 The doctor cut off half of his stomach.医生切除了他一半的胃。 Did you cut down that tree? 你砍倒了那棵树吗？ Can you help me cut up the onion? 你能帮助我切碎那个洋葱吗？ 【考题链接】 8 Yesterday my father _________ all of my photos by mistake. A. cut up B. cut down C. cut off D. cut out 答案：D 思路分析：A 项意为“切碎”；B 项意为“砍倒”；C 项意为“切除”；D 项意为“删除； 删去”。句意为“昨日我爸爸错误地把我所有的照片都删除了”，故选 D 项。 4. compare …with… 比较；对比 【用法】 compare…to…把……比作…… compared to /with 与……相比 【例句】 If you compare his work with hers, you’ll find hers is much better. 要是把他俩的工作比较一下，就会发现她的比他的好得多。 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。 Compared with /to him, I’m just a beginner. 和他相比，我只是一个初学者。 【考题链接】 We often __________ trees _________ pollution fighters. A. compare; with B. compare; to C. compared with D. compared to 答案：B 思路分析：根据题干“我们经常”可知其后用动词原形；句意为“我们经常把树木比作 环卫战士”，故选 B 项。 【即学即练】 根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 这道数学题太难，所以我无法把它演算出来。 The maths problem is very difficult, so I can’t _________ it __________. 2. 这些女孩子很容易相处。 These girls are easy to _________ _________ __________. 3. 你经常拿自己和他人作对比吗？ 9 Do you often __________ yourself __________ others? 4. 爸爸帮我删除许多条短信。 Father helped me __________ ___________ many messages. 答案：1. work; out 2. get on/ along with 3. compare; with 4. cut out 四、重点句型 【句型学习】 1. Why don’t you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和父母谈一谈呢？ 【句析】 本句含有 Why don’t you +do …?，意为“你为什么不做什么呢？”，相当于 why not +do…? ，是一个否定疑问句，不表示疑问，而表示向对方提出一种建议或咨询某种原因， 暗含不同意对方而略带责备之意。 【例句】 Why don’t you go there and have a look? = Why not go there and have a look? 你为何不去那儿看看？ 【考题链接】 —This book is a bit difficult. ___________ read something easier? —All right. A. Why not to B. Why don’t C. Why don’t you D. Why not you 答案：C 思路分析：因为 Why don’t you …? = Why not …?，后接动词原形；再浏览各选项，A 项多 to；B 项少 you；D 项不正确。 2. Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal. 尽管她是错了，但是没什么大不了的。 【句析】 （1）本句是复合句，although 引导的是让步状语从句。 although 虽然；尽管；即使，相当于 though，引导让步状语从句。与 but 不能同时用 在一个句子中。 【例句】 10 Although the sun is shinning, it’s not warm today. 虽然阳光照耀，但是今天不暖和。 （2）deal n. 协议；交易，a big deal 大事；重要的事；a great/ good deal of 许多，后面 接不可数名词。 deal v. 处理，构成短语 deal with 处理；对付 【例句】 Just forget it. It’s not a big deal. 算了吧。没什么大不了的。 He spent a great/ good deal of money on it. 他花了很多钱在这上面。 How shall we deal with this matter? 我们将如何处理这件事？ 【考题链接】 1. I really enjoyed your lecture, _________ there were some parts I didn’t quite understand. A. because B. unless C. although D. after 答案：C 思路分析：根据空前后的意思可知用“虽然；尽管；即使”；句意为“我真的喜欢你的 演讲，尽管有几处我不是很明白”。A 项意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句；B 项意为“除非； 如果不”，引导条件状语从句；D 项意为“在……后”，引导时间状语从句。 2. 这次考试不及格也没什么大不了的。 It’s _________ __________ __________ __________ to fail the exam. 答案：not a big deal 3. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry. 他应当和他的朋友谈谈以便于他能说抱歉。 【句析】 本句是复合句，含有 so that 引导的目的状语从句。 so that 以便于，相当于 in order that，引导目的状语从句，句中常伴有情态动词。 11 【例句】 He’s studying hard so that he can pass the exam. 他正在努力学习以便能通过考试。 【考题链接】 Mr. Green speaks very loudly ___________ all the people can hear him clearly. A. so that B. because C. when D. until 答案：A 思路分析：A 项意为“以便于”；B 项意为“因为”；C 项意为“当……的时候”；D 项 意为“到……时；直到……为止”；句意为“格林先生说话声音很大目的是为了所有人都能 清晰地听到”，故选 A 项。 4. You shouldn’t wait until the last minute to study for a test. 你不应该等到最后一分钟才去准备考试。 【句析】 本句是含有 until 引导的时间状语的简单句。在本句中，until 是介词。 until 可作连词，引导时间状语从句。 用在肯定句中，意为“直到……为止”，主句中的动词用延续性动词；用在否定句中， 构成 not… until，意为“直到……才”，主句中动词用短暂性动词。 【例句】 I stayed there until he came back. 我一直呆到他回来为止。 I didn’t leave until he came back. 我直到他回来才离开。 【考题链接】 Please hold on to your dream __________one day it comes true. A. if B. until C. unless D. though 答案：B 思路分析：if 意为“如果；是否”；B 项意为“直到……为止；直到……才”；unless 意 12 为“如果不；除非”；D 项意为“虽然；尽管”；根据句意“请坚持你的梦想，一直到实现的 那天”可知 B 项符合句意。 【即学即练】 1. —The boy can speak both English and Japanese ____________ he was only ten. — Wow, what a clever boy! A. if B. because C. although D. since 2. I won’t visit my daughter _________ she finishes her exam. A. when B. after C. until D. unless 3. —Susan, what are the advantages of MP5 players? —Mom, they are smaller and lighter _________ they can be carried very easily. A. unless B. if C. until D. so that 答案：1—3 C C D 思路分析： 1. 根据答语“多聪明的一个男孩”和“这男孩会说英语和日语”可知“尽管”他只有十 岁，故选 C 项。A 项意为“如果；是否”；B 项意为“因为”；D 项意为“自从”，均不符题 意。 2. A 项意为“当……时候”；B 项意为“在……之后“；C 项意为“直到……为止”；D 项 意为“如果不；除非”；句意为“我将直到我女儿考完试才去看她”。只有 C 项与句意相符。 3. 根据“它们又小又轻”可知“目的为了容易携带”，故选 D 项。 【课文领读】 Section B 2b Maybe You Should Learn to Relax! These days, Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes. Many of them are learning exam skills so that they can get into a good high school and later a good university. Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win. However, this doesn’t only happen in China. The Taylors are a typical American family. Life for Cathy Taylor’s three children is very busy. “On most days after school,” Cathy says, “I take one of my two boys to basketball practice and my daughter to football training. Then I have to take my other son to piano lessons. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children’s future. I really want them to be successful.” However, the tired children don’t get home until after 7:00 13 p.m. They have a quick dinner, and then it’s time for homework. Linda Miller, a mother of three, knows all about such stress. “In some families, competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older,” she says. “Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes. And they are always comparing them with other children. It’s crazy. I don’t think that’s fair. Why don’t they just let their kids be kids? People shouldn’t push their kids so hard.” Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s development. Dr. Alice Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children. “Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too. Although it’s normal to want successful children, it’s even more important to have happy children.” 下册 Units 3-4 语法归纳 一、预习新知 1. 情态动词 could 表示请求、许可 向对方提出请求时，用句子：_____________________________ 向对方请求许可时，用句子：____________________________ 2. 情态动词 could 和 should 表建议 could 后接动词________，其否定式为：________；当 could 放在开头构成一般疑问句 时，其回答应用 can/ ________。should 表示建议，后接动词_______。 3. 从属连词 although, so that, until although 意为“________”，引导_______状语从句；so that 意为 “________”，引导 _______状语从句；until 引导_______状语从句。 二、预习点拨 思考问题一：你还知道哪些表示请求、允许的句型？ 思考问题二：although 能和 but 放在同一个句子中吗？ 思考问题三：until 用于肯定句和否定句有什么差别吗？ 14 （答题时间：40 分钟） 下册 Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?重点单词 Ⅰ. 单项选择 1. My little brother didn’t answer my question. ________, he asked me a question. A. Although B. But C. Instead D. So 2. We don’t allow ________ in our offices, but we allow people_______ in the smoking rooms. A. to smoke; to smoke B. smoking; smoking C. to smoke; smoking D. smoking; to smoke 3. Can you ______ me with some information about the travel? A. provide B. offer C. give D. pass 4. In our class, our teacher often makes us _______ each other _______ a problem. A. to argue with; about B. argue with; about C. to argue with; for D. argue for; with 5. Parents often ________ good education ________ children. A. offer; for B. offer; to C. send; to D. send; for Ⅱ. 完形填空 You often have problems in your life. Some are serious and some are not. When you have problems you will probably ask someone else 1 advice. He will give you advice about your 2 . You may ask your friend, “My neighbor often makes noise. He plays his stereo（音响） too loud. What should I do?” Your friend may give you 3 , “You should tell him 4 down his stereo.” Problems like 5 clothes and having no time to go to your friend’s party are not 6 problems but you should deal with them skillfully. Maybe you should buy some new clothes. You should call your friend to say “Thanks” and 7 you are sorry for not being able to go there. Problems like a quarrel （吵架） with your friend and not having enough money are serious 8 . You should talk with him and be 9 . If you don’t have 10 , you should go to work or get a part-time job. Anyway you should learn how to deal with your problems. 1. A. for B. to C. on D. with 2. A. life B. problems C. questions D. friends 15 3. A. a job B. thought C. a piece of advice D. an order 4. A. turns B. to turn C. to low D. to bring 5. A. out – of – style B. new C. in style D. good 6. A. heavy B. small C. new D. serious 7. A. that B. which C. what D. where 8. A. problem B. thought C. one D. ones 9. A. happy B. friendly C. good D. strong 10. A. clothes B. friends C. money D. job 下册 Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?重点短语 Ⅰ. 单项选择 1. Mum, can you cut ______ a few after-school activities for me? I feel too tired. A. down B. up C. off D. out 2. Peter, I’m sorry I can’t ______ this problem you asked me. A. take out B. work out C. work on D. get on 3. I _____ this book _____ that one, and I found this one is thicker. A. compare; with B. compare; to C. compared; with D. compared; to Ⅱ. 英汉互译 1. allow doing sth. ________ 2. 允许某人做某事_________ 3. a big deal _________ 4. 成功地发展；解决________ 5. get on with ___________ 6. 与某人交流 _________ 7. offer to do sth. ________ 8. 向某人解释 _________ 9. return home _________ 10. 拒绝做某事 _________ 11. 删除；删去 ________ 12. in your opinion _______ Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思完成句子 16 1. 我妈妈不允许我晚上看电视。 My mother doesn’t _______ me ______ watch TV at night. 2. 请把这件事给我解释清楚。 Please ______it ______ _______ clearly. 3. 你回来得早点以便于多睡会儿觉。 Come back earlier ______ _______ you can sleep more. 4. 没关系。那不是件什么大不了的事。 Never mind. That’s not a ______ _______. 5. 他浏览了下报纸，就出去了。 He ______ ______ the newspaper and went out. 下册 Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?重点句型 Ⅰ. 单项选择 1. Why not ______ your homework at once? A. finishing B. to finish C. finish D. finishes 2. —What a surprise it is that you’ve hiked on Mount Tai! —I didn’t believe I could do it _____ I got to the top. A. unless B. after C. until D. as 3. — Would you like some milk ? —No, thanks. I don’t like it, _______I know it’s good for my health. A. because B. though C. if D. when 4. One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future ______we can face all the challenges with confidence. A. so far B. so that C. even if D. if only Ⅱ. 阅读理解 With more and more cars on the road, the traffic jam will happen. How do we see this 17 phenomenon（现象） and how can we solve the problem? We know that the traffic jam happen in many places, especially in big cities. What are the reasons for the problem? On the one hand, some people think that they should have a car when they have enough money, and then it’s easy to go out and they can feel comfortable. On the other hand, a growing number of people hope to use their cars to show off （炫耀）. What’s more, years of research has shown that one of other reasons for the traffic jam is the driving habit. For example, many young people enjoy driving very fast, so they can feel excited. At last, most of them hardly care about the speed rules. At the same time, many governments are working at how to make the traffic better. In my opinion, firstly, the governments should educate those people who have cars or plan to buy cars. The governments must make them know that the traffic jam is very serious, and set up a much more perfect traffic system to solve the traffic pressure. 1. More and more cars can make _______. A. people not use other ways of transportation at all B. the traffic jam more serious C. young people have a bad driving habit D. fewer speed rules 2. Which of the following is NOT the reason for the traffic jam? A. More and more people buy cars. B. People have too much money. C. Some people want to show off. D. Some people don’t have good driving habits. 3. In the writer’s opinion, which of the following about the governments is NOT right? A. They should educate the people who want to buy cars. B. They should set up a much more perfect traffic system. C. They shouldn’t allow people to use cars to go to work. D. They should make people know the problem of the traffic jam. 4. The underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refers to ______. A. those people who have cars or plan to buy cars B. the governments themselves C. the young people who drive fast D. those people who have no cars 18 5. The passage mainly talks about _____. A. different traffic problems B. reasons why people want to buy cars C. the traffic jam in some big cities D. the traffic jam, reasons for it and solutions Ⅲ. 书面表达 你的朋友莉莉（Lily）英语考试没及格，向你求助。请你以玛丽（Mary）的名义写封信 告诉她该怎么做。字数要求：60-80 词，语句通顺，语法正确。 ____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 19 下册 Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?重点单词 Ⅰ. 1. C 解析：前句句意为“我小弟弟没有回答我的问题”；后句应为“反而，他问了我一 个问题”；A 项意为“虽然；尽管；即使”；B 项意为“但是”；D 项意为“所以”，均不符题 意，故选 C 项。 2. D 解析：allow 后接第一个空格，说明其后直接跟动词的-ing 形式；第二空格前有 people， 说明用 allow sb. to do sth.。句意为“在我们办公室里不允许吸烟，但是我们允许人们在吸烟 室里吸烟”。 3. A 解析：B, C, D 三项都可接双宾语，只有 provide sb. with sth. 适合；句意为 “你能 给我提供一些关于旅行的信息吗？” 4. B 解析：make sb. do sth. 是固定结构；argue with sb. about sth.意为“和某人就某事争 论”，故选 B 项。 5. B 解析：选项中的动词 offer 和 send 都可以接 sth. to sb.，故排除 A, D 两项；offer 有 “提供”之意，send 有“寄给”之意，句意表达的是父母常提供给子女好的教育。故排除 D 项。 Ⅱ. 1. A 解析：ask sb. for sth.意为“向某人要某物”。 2. B 解析：由前一句可知，前后两句针对的都是“问题”。 3. C 解析：根据上下文内容可知，这里指“建议”，a piece of advice。 4. B 解析：tell sb. to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”；turn down 意为“关小（音量）”之 意。 5. A 解析：out- of- style clothes 意为“过时的衣服”。 6. D 解析：句意为“像穿着不时尚，没时间参加朋友的聚会这样的问题，都算不上大问 题……”。 7. A 解析：that 引导的从句作动词 say 的宾语。 8. D 解析：此处的 ones 指代主语 problems。 9. B 解析：be friendly“友好的”，前面提到了吵架，因此这里建议要和对方友好地交谈 一下。 10. C 解析：根据后句的“you should go to work or get a part-time job”可知答案为 C 项。 20 下册 Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?重点短语 Ⅰ.1. D 解析：根据“我感觉太累了”可知“妈妈，你能给我去掉一些课外活动吗？”；cut down 意为“砍倒”；cut up 意为“切碎”；cut off 意为“切除”；cut out 意为“删去”，故选 D 项。 2. B 解析：A 项意为“取出”；B 项意为“成功地发展；解决；算出”；C 项意为“从事”； D 项意为“相处”；根据“很抱歉”可知“我不能解决你问我的问题”，故选 B 项。 3. C 解析：compare… with…意为“把……和……相比”；compare… to…意为“把…… 比作……”；根据“我发现这本书比那本书厚”可知“通过做比较”，故排除 B, D 两项；根 据 and 连接的并列动作可知时态用一般过去时，故选 C 项。 Ⅱ. 1. 允许做某事 2. allow sb. to do sth. 3. 大事；重要的事 4. work out 5. 和睦相处；关系良好 6. communicate with sb. 7. 主动去做某事 8.explain to sb. 9. 返回家 10. refuse to do sth. 11. cut out 12. 在你看来；依你看 Ⅲ. 1. allow; to 2. explain; to me 3. so that 4. big deal 5. looked through 下册 Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?重点句型 Ⅰ. 1. C 解析：why not 后接动词原形，故选 C 项。句意为“为什么不立刻完成作业呢？”。 2. C 解析：unless 意为“除非；如果不”；after 意为“……以后”；as 意为“当……时候”， 均不符句意。句意为“直到我到达顶部我才相信我能做到”。 3. B 解析：根据“我不喜欢它”和后面的“我知道它对我的健康有益”可知选 B 项，意 为“虽然；尽管”。 4. B 解析：A 项意为“到目前为止”；B 项意为“以便于”；C 项意为“即使”；D 项意为 “如果……就好了”；前后句中只有 B 项符合句意。句意为“我们学校的重要目的之一是为 我们的将来做准备以便于我们能自信地面对所有的挑战”。 Ⅱ. 1. B 解析：根据短文第一句可知。 2. B 解析：“人们有太多钱”并不是造成“交通堵塞”的原因。 3. C 解析：通过第三段中作者的观点：“首先政府应该教育那些有车或计划买车的人； 政府必须让那些有车或计划买车的人知道交通堵塞是很严重的，并且建立一种更完美的交通 系统来解决交通压力。”可知 C 项不正确。 21 4. A 解析：根据上句句意可知“政府必须让那些有车和计划买车的人知道交通堵塞是很 严重的……”，故答案选 A 项。 5. D 解析：阅读全文可知，本篇主要阐述了交通堵塞及其理由和解决的方法。 Ⅲ. Dear Lily, I’m sorry to hear that you didn’t pass the exam. You asked for some advice. I hope I can help you. I’ll tell you how I study English. I practice speaking English in class and after class. I listen to English every day. I like watching English movies. I write letters to my pen pals in English. I finish my homework every day. If you can do the same things as me, I think you will pass the next exam. Yours, Mary