Unit 4 单元测试题
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 20 分）略
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节：单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. “There will always be a way out of hard places,” said the professor, “_____ you
have the wisdom to find it.”
A. as if B. even though C. if only D. so that
22. We should be original instead of going along with others, which requires us not to
follow the _____.
A. crowd B. pattern C. trail D. recipe
23. When you _____, your kids may be as sad, disappointed and angry as you are.
A. break away B. break down C. break in D. break off
24. If you find a situation that seems to call for repeated resetting, search for _____
solutions.
A. available B. acceptable C. assistant D. alternative
25. Knowing that your company would like to establish business relations with us, we
_____ your name and address from Mr. Black this week.
A. obtained B. obtain C. will obtain D. had obtained
26. Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the point
_____ the planet can provide comfortable support for all, people will have to
accept more unnatural food.
A. when B. which C. where D. why
27. My father used to say that life takes away what’s dearest to our hearts to _____ us
to appreciate what we have.
A. assume B. remind C. motivate D. advise
28. The train was fast approaching, leaving no time for the criminal to cross the rails,
so he had to stop, only _____ by the policemen.
A. catching B. being caught C. to catch D. to be caught
29. It seemed to Elizabeth that if her family had made an agreement to appear as
stupid as possible during the ball, they _____ more successful.
A. could not be B. could not have been C. were not D. had not been
30. The arts program of the Allendale Cultural Center _____ to include classes for
both children and young adults since last summer holiday.
A. expanded B. expands C. had expanded D. has expanded
31. One reason for the success of Asians in the U.S. is _____ they have taken great
pains to educate their children.
A. whether B. why C. that D. how
32. The language barrier is only one of the challenges _____ individuals who want to
help but are not sure how.
A. face B. facing C. faced D. to face
33. It is the respect for universal rights and different cultures, and our _____ to
international laws that guide China’s openness to other countries.
A. comprehension B. contribution C. commitment D. consideration
34. For most students, it is hard to _____ academic life before computers appeared.
A. think back to B. have power over C. get hold of D. make sense of
35. —To vote or not to vote for the new president is a case of six of one and a half
dozen of the other.
—You are so right! _____.
A. It depends B. Don’t mention it C. It makes no difference D. By no means
第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可
以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Considering it could save her daughter’s life, Angela Shymanski had taught her
five-year-old daughter, Lexi, what to do in case of an emergency. Little did she know
it would 36 herself and her baby son too.
Exactly one year ago, the Shymanskis showed Lexi the smoke alarms: “If they start
ringing, hurry to the driveway. Don’t go 37 anything or anyone and don’t look
back. Just get help.” They felt that calling 911 wouldn’t be practical for a child who
still had a(n) 38 vocabulary and sense of direction. To do 39 , the three of them
walked together barefoot to the nearest neighbour’s place, half a mile away. Lexi 40
every instruction.
Now Angela Shymanski was 41 . She had college friends scattered (分散) across
Alberta and she was eager to 42 her baby Peter to her friends. Both children were
sleeping in their car seats. The 43 of the sun, combined with the soft music, soon
began to have a 44 effect. Her eyes closed for just a few seconds.
Peter was crying. Lexi stretched for the door handle, 45 it was out of reach,
46 under a big white airbag. Then she kicked at the car door until it was 47 ,
filling the car with sunlight. That’s when she 48 her mother in the front seat,
sleeping on an even bigger 49 . “Wake up, Mum!” she screamed. Angela didn’t
50 . Her shoes had flown off in the 51 , but Lexi felt no 52 as she crawled (爬)
over glass, rocks, branches and pine needles and up the embankment (路基) from the
steep deep ditch (沟壑), just as she’d practiced. Lexi looked down the steep 53 .
That would be the only time Lexi looked down, or 54 .
Jumping up and down and waving her arms at traffic, the barefoot girl received
55 . They were rushed to hospital immediately and were finally saved.
36. A. save B. prepare C. devote D. amuse
37. A. in honor of B. in memory of C. in favor of D. in search of
38. A. false B. narrow C. average D. formal
39. A. experiment B. practice C. research D. performance
40. A. repeated B. described C. matched D. absorbed
41. A. walking B. running C. driving D. cycling
42. A. show off B. look after C. take over D. turn to
43. A. movement B. surface C. height D. warmth
44. A. damaging B. brightening C. relaxing D. transforming
45. A. but B. so C. for D. though
46. A. broken B. hidden C. locked D. established
47. A. weak B. vacant C. dirty D. open
48. A. caught B. observed C. sought D. spotted
49. A. bed B. airbag C. seat D. door
50. A. survive B. stop C. respond D. listen
51. A. accident B. fight C. competition D. challenge
52. A. urge B. pain C. shame D. relief
53. A. embankment B. stair C. wall D. climb
54. A. around B. back C. ahead D. up
55. A. information B. training C. aid D. advice
第三部分：阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Watercolor Explorations
Nationally recognized botanical (植物学的) artist and teacher, Laura Vogel
returns to the Sawtooth Botanical Garden for a series of four, 1-day workshops (讲习
班) August 19 and 22-24. Check our website for detailed information about each
workshop, including Watercolor Techniques offered August 19.
A 3-part Watercolor Explorations series will be held Tuesday to Thursday,
August 22, 23 and 24 from 10:00 am to 3:30 pm. Each day we will work on
the subjects listed below. Photographic reference materials and, when possible,
specimens (样本) will be available. All levels are welcome. Some supplies will be
provided by the instructor.
●Day 1: Leaves, 8 / 22
●Day 2: Branches, 8 / 23
●Day 3: Flowers, 8 / 24
●Cost: Each part $125 for members / $150 for nonmembers. Sign up for all three
workshops in the Watercolor Explorations series for only $300.
●Class limit: 12 students
●Instructor: Laura Vogel is an excellent botanical artist and is widely recognized
for her ability to teach students of all levels. She has been an instructor for the New
York Botanical Garden's Botanical Art & Illustration Program for 21 years.
56. What do we know about the Watercolor Explorations series?
A. It is intended for beginners.
B. It provides relative materials.
C. It is mainly held in the morning.
D. It focuses on watercolor techniques.
57. How much should a member pay if he attends three workshops August 22-24?
A. $300. B. $375. C. $425. D. $450.
B
You can use your smartphone to get pretty much anything delivered directly to
your door almost immediately. The hardest part is the process of trying to work out if
you should tip and if so, doing the quick math before you get to the door. And, you
know well that you should tip about 15-20% at restaurants, but do the same rules
apply to delivery drivers?
The co-founder of Grubhub, Matt Maloney, pretty much set the standard for
tipping delivery people in a Facebook post. He's a strong supporter of tipping, and
Grubhub's website suggests a $5 or a 20% tip. Maloney also said this number should
go up if you order during, say, a snowstorm.
However, most other delivery services say on their websites that tipping is not
required. Some services, like DoorDash, do suggest no tip on their checkout window.
Many, like Amazon Prime Now, allow customers to change their tip amount after
their delivery has been received to reflect the quality of service. These companies help
customers save money but delivery drivers are upset. They deal with bad weather,
heavy traffic, extreme tiredness, and more, all for a $1 tip. Many feel that if you'd tip
your pizza boy or girl, you should tip your delivery driver.
The Emily Post Institute (EPI)'s official suggestion falls in line with Maloney's:
“10-15% of the bill, or $2-5 for pizza delivery depending on the size of the order and
difficulty of delivery.”
Just like servers in a restaurant, delivery drivers almost always rely on your tips
for their income. Tipping is a long-standing cultural tradition in America. So, until
drones (无人机) can deliver hot dogs straight to your door, it's best to tip the people
riding through the city at all hours to bring you hot fresh food.
58. What do we know about tipping delivery drivers?
A. It is not widely accepted.
B. It upsets many delivery services.
C. It can't reflect the quality of service.
D. It is a deeply rooted tradition in America.
59. Which of the following suggests the highest tips in the passage?
A. The EPI. B. DoorDash.
C. Grubhub. D. Amazon Prime Now.
60. What is the author's attitude to tipping delivery drivers?
A. Doubtful. B. Unconcerned. C. Disapproving. D. Supportive.
C
Like many people who generally enjoy their careers, Dan Toporek sometimes
wondered if there were something missing — something else he could be doing to
contribute to global improvement and well-being.
Instead of quitting his job, though, Toporek, the vice president of corporate
communications for the travel website Travelocity, decided to put his company’s
name and resources to good use. He and several colleagues launched a new program
called Travel for Good to promote volunteer vacations. On such vacations, people
spend their trip time on activities like cleaning up national parks or building houses
for Habitat for Humanity. And these vacations are becoming steadily more popular.
This kind of behavior might be admirable, but from a psychologist’s point of view,
it’s also perplexing. Whether it’s Toporek and his colleagues who spend extra hours
on work, or their customers who give up relaxation time on vacation, people who
volunteer are doing work that promises them no obvious personal gain and may
involve significant costs. What is it that motivates so many people to devote their time,
their energy and their efforts to volunteering?
Psychologist Mark Snyder, PhD of University of Minnesota, and his colleagues
have been working to answer this question for more than 20 years. Over the years,
they’ve identified five primary motivations for volunteering: values, community
concern, esteem enhancement, understanding and personal development. Different
types of volunteers have slightly different levels of these motivations. Younger
volunteers, for example, are more likely to volunteer for career-related reasons, while
older volunteers more often cite abstract (抽象的) ideas of good citizenship and
contributing to their communities.
Somewhat more recently, the researchers have begun to study the factors that help
organizations hold on to volunteers. For example, in one study, psychologist E. Gil
Clary, PhD, and Snyder surveyed 61 hospital volunteers about their motivations for
volunteering, and then later about their experiences as a volunteer. They found that
people whose experiences best matched their motivations were more satisfied with the
experiences. Those same people also said that they’d be more likely to continue
volunteering.
Interestingly, the researchers have also found that people who have more seemingly
“selfish” motivations — esteem enhancement, personal development and
understanding — are more likely to stick with a volunteering organization than people
with “other focused” motivations, such as values. “It could be because the
volunteering is more likely to satisfy those motivations,” Snyder said. “If your values
say you should help people, you could probably always change to another
organization that also helps people.”
Snyder said that their research could help organizations that rely on volunteers. For
example, if organizations can figure out their volunteers’ primary motivations for
volunteering, then they could adapt ads and other recruitment (招募) strategies to
address those motivations — and they could try to steer (引导) the volunteers to
activities most likely to satisfy them.
61. Toporek launched the program Travel for Good in order to _____.
A. advertise the travel website Travelocity
B. attract more customers for his company
C. contribute to improving global well-being
D. call for people to donate to Habitat for Humanity
62. The underlined word “perplexing” in Paragraph 3 can best be replaced by
“_____”.
A. troublesome B. puzzling C. acceptable D. worthwhile
63. The study mentioned in Paragraph 5 tried to find out _____.
A. how people can benefit from volunteering
B. how organizations remain attractive to volunteers
C. why different volunteers have different motivations
D. why people are willing to devote time to volunteering
64. Volunteers are the least likely to stick with an organization when they’re
motivated by _____.
A. values B. understanding
C. esteem enhancement D. personal development
D
One cold grey February morning, back in 2001, we turned the key and opened the
creaky gate. As far as the eye could see, scattered huts teetered (摇摇欲坠) on the
edge of a tidal wave of dense bushes. Halfway down the hill, just as the path
disappeared into this wave, were plots 20 to 24: our new allotments (小块土地).
Whatever else, this was going to be groundbreaking stuff.
Driven by the vision that more food can and should be grown in London, we set up
OrganicLea on a deserted allotment in Chingford, east London. The Lea Valley,
which for centuries used the river to transport food down the Thames, from Saxon
settlers growing celery in the sixth century to Italians growing cucumbers in
glasshouses in the 1950s, was a good place to start. Over the next year or two we
cleared the bushes, built raised beds, and planted a forest garden with apple trees and
blackcurrant bushes. We created a number of features, including a pond and a
compost toilet (堆肥厕所). We grew vegetables in a sustainable way. All our
vegetable planting was working with nature, not against it. We then started to run
basic gardening courses, and sell our seasonal produce.
For the past years we have managed the 12-acre site as a community market garden.
We grow more than eight tonnes of fruit and vegetables a year, feeding 330
households through our vegetable box scheme (蔬菜箱计划), as well as sending
produce to market stalls (货摊) and small restaurants across London. We work with
the local council to deliver gardening courses and help it develop a food policy, which
aims to ensure that locally-grown, healthy and sustainable food is affordable and
accessible to all. We also run a volunteering programme, involving things from
planting seeds to packing vegetable boxes, that welcomes participants from all walks
of life to take part. And we support young people and residents’ groups to develop
their own food growing spaces all over east London. We do all these as a workers’
cooperative, including 15 members. Where normal allotments are rented by
individuals, we’re a community food project, and as a workers’ cooperative we
manage the operation ourselves, without any need for bosses or shareholders.
The community food movement is flowering in the UK and we are proud founder
members of London’s Community Food Growers’ Network and the Land Workers’
Alliance, organizations that are drawing people back to the land and using the land as
a way to contribute to local food supply. But allotment gardens have always been
more than mere domestic food growing units. We know that from their very
beginning in the Victorian period, when land was given to the labouring poor for
growing food, they’ve provided a space for recreation and an alternative to industrial
capitalism. Allotments offer a way for individuals and the community to come
together. They are special places.
It is legally permissible for allotment gardeners to market the surplus (剩余), up to
49% of what allotmenteers produce, and councils are also entitled to put unwanted
allotments to commercial use on a year-by-year basis. We believe there is a strong
case for promoting limited trading activity: it would enable people to spend more time
on their plots, because they can generate some income from it, and would expand the
local food economy.
By 2009, eight years after signing our first allotment contract, we had built such a
reputation that when the council closed down its central plant nursery operation, it
entrusted (委托) us with the facility. We are one of many responses to a broken food
system, which contributes significantly to climate change and air and water pollution
and is essentially run for the short-term profits of food corporations rather than the
long-term benefit of communities and the environment. We try our best to
demonstrate what can happen if groups of committed people with ideas are given
space to nurture and grow.
65. The first paragraph is used to _____.
A. express the author’s feelings on seeing the new allotments
B. describe how deserted the allotments were
C. compare different kinds of allotments
D. explain what allotments are
66.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that the allotments _____.
A. were decorated and then sold
B. were exchanged for OrganicLea
C. were rearranged and better used
D. were within easy reach of the market
67. How does the author manage the community market garden?
A. By employing experienced workers to grow vegetables.
B. By cooperating with workers to operate the allotments themselves.
C. By working with the local council to start vegetable box scheme.
D. By selling the shares of the allotments to residents’ groups.
68. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 imply?
A. Allotment gardens should be taken good care of by the community.
B. Allotment gardens help the community food movement reach its peak.
C. Allotment gardens can bring us a large profit from selling produce.
D. Allotment gardens may help improve relationships among community members.
69. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Allotment gardens win great support from the Land Workers’ Alliance.
B. Allotmenteers are more willing to put allotments to commercial use.
C. The sustainable food grown in allotment gardens is expensive.
D. The council thinks highly of the author’s work.
70. What’s the author’s purpose of carrying out the food project in the allotments?
A. To tell us how to make more profits out of some deserted gardens.
B. To show how to increase food supply without damaging nature.
C. To help more poor people get a job and make ends meet.
D. To help the local council improve the local food economy.
第四部分：任务型阅读 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当
的单词。
注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Looking within ourselves isn’t often second nature to us. When we’re young, we
get into the habit of looking to our parents for recognition in order to prove ourselves,
and in our structured school systems, we’re accustomed to waiting for a teacher’s
approval and recognition but we rarely learn to actually recognize ourselves. However,
recognition from others limits our discovery of our inner selves and prevents us taking
action to improve ourselves.
Recognition from others can be important but not when it’s your only source.
Recognizing our own achievements and strengths is much more powerful than any
outside recognition. Studies show that recognizing what we’ve accomplished, no
matter how small, actually creates activity in the reward circuitry (奖赏回路) of our
brains. Dopamine (多巴胺), along with other key chemicals, is released giving us a
sense of achievement and allows us to get that good feeling. This is why we shouldn’t
wait for recognition from others but start to feel the power of recognizing ourselves
instead.
Then, how can we recognize ourselves? Well, we often go through our whole day
and assume we haven’t achieved anything, but this is never the case. Even the
smallest things such as meeting a new person, walking ten minutes more than usual
and helping a stranger should be considered accomplishments. Writing down at least
three small achievements each day can help us notice that we do achieve more than
we think. And it’s the collection of these small achievements that adds up to a huge
success.
Besides, we can easily focus on our weaknesses, but a good strategy is to
counteract (抵消) any weakness with a strength. For example, if you’re an
over-thinker, write next to it that you’re detailed-minded. Being a perfectionist means
you take pride in attention to detail. Having a tendency to be overeager means you’re
passionate. Writing these things down enables you to see things from a different angle
and helps you see strengths you haven’t necessarily recognized.
Last, don’t play comparison games. We are all victims of comparing our lives to
the success of others, which stops us from seeing what we do have. So we have to
remember that everyone is on their own path and going at their own pace. Most of the
time we only see a small amount of someone’s life, so it’s useless to believe someone
is better than us. Social media present us with this constant opportunity to see others’
lives, but be aware that feelings of envy are pointless and can reduce our sense of
achievement. Don’t get sucked into the comparison game.
Recognizing Yourself
A phenomenon ●People get used to being recognized by others and tend to (71)
_____ self-recognition.
●Recognition from others can be a(n) (72) _____ to self-awareness
and self-improvement.
The (73) _____
of
self-recognition
Recognizing our accomplishments can get (74) _____ like dopamine
released, thus making one feel good.
Tips on
self-recognition
●Have (75) _____ in our ability to achieve something every day,
even if it’s the smallest thing.
●Write down at least three small achievements every day since a
huge success often (76) _____ of these small achievements.
Seek a(n) (77) _____ between our weaknesses and strengths, which
will help us improve our way of thinking and recognize our (78)
_____ strengths.
●Don’t compare ourselves with (79) _____ people because what we
see is only part of their lives and they are not necessarily better than
us.
●Neither (80) _____ others their lives nor compare our lives to
theirs.
第五部分：书面表达 （满分 25 分）
请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。
Doing things for others — whether small, unplanned acts or regular volunteering
— is not only good for them, but also makes us happier.
Scientific studies show that helping others brings happiness. It increases life
satisfaction, provides a sense of meaning, increases feelings of competence, improves
our mood and reduces stress. It can take our minds off our own troubles too.
Kindness towards others also connects us to others, helping to build a happier society.
And giving isn’t just about money, so you don’t need to be rich. Giving to others can
be as simple as a single kind word, smile or a thoughtful gesture. It can include giving
time, care, skills, thoughts or attention. Sometimes these mean as much as, if not more
than, financial gifts. So if you want to feel good, do good!
Kindness and caring also seem to be contagious (有感染力的). When we see
someone do something kind or thoughtful, or we are on the receiving end of kindness,
it inspires us to be kinder ourselves. In this way, kindness spreads from one person to
the next, influencing the behaviour of people who have never seen the original act.
【写作内容】
1. 用约 30 个单词写出上文概要；
2. 用约 120 个单词谈谈帮助他人的好处。
【写作要求】
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
参考答案
21-25 CABDA 26-30 CBDBD 31-35 CBCAC 36-40 ADBBD
41-45 CADCA 46-50 BDDBC 51-55 ABDBC 56-60 BAACD
61-65 CBBAB 66-70 CBDDB
71. ignore 72. barrier 73. benefit / advantage 74. chemicals
75. faith 76. consists 77. balance 78. hidden
79. successful 80. envy
One possible version:
Helping others brings people happiness and connects people together. Giving isn’t
limited to money but involves such things as time or thoughts. Kindness can spread
among people, inspiring them to be kinder.
It goes without saying that we can benefit greatly from helping others. First,
helping others makes us gain a sense of our own worth. Our small act of kindness can
make a great difference to people in need and even transform their lives, which, in
turn, gives us a great sense of achievement. Second, helping others is helping
ourselves. If we help others today, they may help us in return some day in the future.
Who can say that he or she will never be in trouble and need help from others?
Remember that whatever good we give out will pay off in the end.
In a word, offer help to others whenever you can. The more you help others, the
happier you will be.
微信/支付宝扫码支付