上海市奉贤区 2017-2018 学年下学期期末调研测试
高二英语试卷
Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given
word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Bill Gates doesn't pretend he lives in an egalitarian ( 平 等 主 义 的 ) household. When it comes
to 1 (raise)his three children, the billionaire readily admits his wife Melinda 2 (do)more than her share
of the work raising the kids."My wife does 80%," Gates told a crowd of Harvard students last Thursday.
Gates said he and his wife have been quite careful about the model they've used to bring up their three
children, 3 are now 15, 18, and 22 years old.
He says the couple followed a 1970s "Love and Logic" parenting model. The core idea of their
philosophy is centered on the idea that exerting emotional control, essentially minimizing emotional reactions
4 shouting or scolding kids.
In addition to controlling hot-blooded parent tempers, the love and logic model also stresses the
importance of not depending on rewards for kids, but instead demonstrating unconditional love and admiring
kids for who they are, not 5 they do (or don't) achieve, like a poor test score or a bad grade.
The model is a bit like the Socratic method, 6 it pushes parents to focus on asking questions of their
kids and getting them 7 (think)about how to solve their own problems, instead of feeding them answers.
Gates says the "Love and Logic" method 8 (turn) out to be quite different from the way he grew up, but
he knew he wanted to do things differently with his own kids.
It wasn't the only way he set boundaries for his children while they were growing up. None of his kids
owned a cell phone 9 they were 14 years old.
"We want to strike a balance where they have the freedom to do anything, but not a lot of
money 10 (shower)on them so they could go out and do nothing," Gates once told TED.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. bursts B. appropriate C. beneficial D. necessarily E. apply F. densely
G. initial H. publicly I. publications J. references K. require
Reading as part of writing
One of the techniques of writing successfully in an academic environment is to be able to combine the
important points of what you have read with your writing. To do this, you must have a clear picture of what
you have read, and this in itself will___1__active and focused reading.With academic reading, it is necessary
to focus constantly on what the author is saying. Yet many academic texts are ___2___written in unfamiliar
ways,which make them much more difficult to manage than, for example, a novel or a magazine article.
Although sometimes there may be reasons why you need to skim-read an article or book, this is likely to be
only to get the general idea of what is being said, as a way of deciding whether it is___3___reading material
or not. In general, skim reading is not a particular useful strategy for a student, but you may 4 it in other
contexts, for example, skimming through a newspaper article or surfing the web. Instead of skim-reading, you
will be developing ways of concentrating on quite dense texts and making sense of them.
Even though you may only be reading for short 5 of time, it is likely that you will have to concentrate for
more intensely on academic reading material than, for example, when reading for pleasure. You don’t 6 have
to work in the library, but you will need to decide what type of location and atmosphere suits you best, and
establish conditions that are 7 to effective study.
The 8 difficulty that most students face is choosing their reading. The first thing to do is to consult the
reading list you have been given for books and articles that seem relevant to your particular assignment.
Doing a library search, by key words or subject, is also useful if the 9 on your reading list are already on loan
from the library. Your tutor should also be able to advise you as to which are the most relevant 10 or
websites.
Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Different people may find that different learning methods work best for them. While some
would 1 tutoring in order to get better grades, others choose to join study groups. 2 , many universities
encourage their students to form study groups and make good use of them.
"Two heads are better than one." That's the simple idea behind study groups. By participating in a study
group, students can benefit from some of their best 3 resources: other students. They get to pick each other 's
4 and improve their own understanding of different problems.
Usually,study groups can create the slightly 5 atmosphere in which it's good to study. For example, some
students tend to procrastinate (拖延) when they are studying by themselves. However, by joining a study
group, they get to observe their peers who are working 6 and are likely to thus have motivation for working
harder.
Study groups work 7 when they are small, but not too small-four to five participants is about right. And it's
8 to make sure everyone has the same goal, to prepare for a particular test, to discuss class readings or to
review the week's lecture notes. 9 , socializing in the group would make studying more fun as long as it took
up only a small portion of group study time.
In addition, to optimize( 优 化 ) 10 , some study groups like to assign members certain roles. Besides an
organizer, who gets group members to agree to a(n) 11 purpose and a convenient time and place, there often
is a group member playing the role of a source-seeker, whose duty is to remind group members to 12 their
sources. For instance, when a group member says"I read somewhere that…," the source-seeker should ask for
13 . This person reminds the group that it's 14 to know who said what and where it was said. And a
gatekeeper, who tries to 15 that all group members are participating, may ask a direct question to help a shy
person participate, or find a way to get a dominating member to listen.
1. A. turn to B. ask for C. ask about D. lead to
2. A. In theory B. Without doubt C. After all D. In fact
3. A. cultural B. academic C. social D. economic
4. A. spirits B. brains C. intelligence D. resources
5. A. lively B. alert C. tense D. orderly
6. A. diligently B. creatively C. deliberately D. continuously
7. A. hardest B. fastest C. best D. most
8. A. necessary B. basic C. simple D. urgent
9. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Nevertheless
10. A. influence B. program C. design D. efficiency
11. A. personal B. common C. separateD. achievable
12. A. admit B. identify C. classify D. guarantee
13. A. qualities B. features C. specifics D. specialties
14. A. evident B. natural C. feasible D. important
15. A. promise B. ensure C. recognize D. remind
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best
according to the information given in the passage you have just read. ,
(A)
For the past few years, an email gets circulated prior to the beginning of a month that has 31 days and
begins on a Friday. It usually says something like,"August 2014 has five Fridays, five Saturdays and five
Sundays, and this will not occur again for 823years."
Because I love math so much and know many people in the mathematical field, I get this email forward
to me all the time with comments like,"Isn’t this cool,Mike?" Even though the facts are totally false(it will
happen again in 2025 and then again in 2031), this email continues to be passed around. It is human nature to
believe everything you read without thinking if it is logical.
When you were a kid, you might have been told not to cross your eyes because they will stay crossed, or
not to go outside with your hair wet or you will catch pneumonia(肺炎). Those were common misconceptions
when I was growing up. I thought they were true until I heard otherwise. But sometimes, as a kid, you may try
to explain something to yourself, start believing it is true, and find out many years later that it is totally false.
For example, when I was in my 20s, my friend and I decided to take a trip to Las Vegas. After landing,
we were waiting at the baggage claim, wondering what was taking so long for the bags to arrive. I turned to
one of my friends and said,"My friend looked at me in disbelief and told everyone else that I did not know that
the luggage flew on the same plane as the passengers. Even though nobody ever told me otherwise, I probably
told myself that and always believed it until I learned that it was wrong.
My niece is an absolute genius. She graduated from a distinguished university with full academic
scholarship. Recently, she was driving with her mother. On the highway, she saw a car connected to a
trailer(拖车) riding next to her. She quickly shouted out,"Mom, nobody is driving the trailer!" Brilliant as she
is, she always thought the trailer pushed the car, not the car pulled the trailer.
1. Why does the author put the story about the forwarded email at the beginning of the passage?
A. To show us he is an expert in the mathematical field.
B. To prove that people like to communicate with emails.
C. To express how much he loves counting days and years.
D. To present that many people may believe in wrong things.
2. The word"misconceptions " in paragraph3 is closest in meaning to .
A. severe criticisms B. kind suggestions
C. false impressions D. proper reactions
3. According to paragraph4, which of the following statement is true?
A. The author once lost his luggage on his trip to Las Vegas.
B. The author believed for years that another plane carried the luggage.
C. The author may have learned the false information from his parents.
D. The author was angry because his friend didn’t believe him.
4. The author mentioned the example of his niece to illustrate .
A. how brilliant and well-educated his niece is
B. his niece holds a close relationship with her mother
C. women are usually ignorant of vehicles and mechanical stuff
D. highly-educated people may still have some misunderstandings
(B)
Need help choosing a college and getting in? This section tells you how to find the school that's right for you
and provides a useful calendar and checklist.
How much does a US education cost, and how will you pay for it? Find the answers here, plus the best sources
of financial aid for international students.
Need money for college in the USA? Use FastWeb's free scholarship search to find awards, sponsors &
bursaries.
Learn about English classes, the TOEFL exams, teaching styles, and common errors.
F-1, J-1, and M-1 visas, INS forms, employment restrictions, and other immigration issues.
Read advice on packing and how to get here from there.
Stereotypes, polite behavior, and other American customs.
Look here for housing, money, shopping, mailing, safety, health care, and other topics.
Get personalized answers to your questions.
This section features credential evaluation, placement services, the history of the USA, and other
miscellaneous topics.
Home | Admissions | Financial Aid | Visas | Traveling to the US | English | Culture
Living in the US | Ask the Advisor | Other Resources | Site Map | About eduPASS
Monster Network: Monster | Financial Aid | Scholarships | Online Degrees
College Jobs | College Diversity
1.The purpose of this passage is to
A.introduce the American education system.
B. help international students to apply for US universities.
C. provide cultural information about the United States.
D. assist international students in adapting to the life in the US.
2.Which sections are likely to cover information about college fees?
A."Financing College", "English as a 2nd Language" and"Traveling to the USA".
B. "Financing College", "Free Scholarship Search" and"Passport and Visas".
C."Financing College", "Traveling to the USA" and"Living in the USA".
D."Financing College", "Free Scholarship Search" and"Ask the Advisor".
3.What can we infer from the passage?
A.There are different kinds of visas for international students.
B.It is guaranteed that international students can get financial aid.
C.With"Free Scholarship Search", international students can get scholarships more easily.
D.Studying in the USA is a smart choice for international students.
(C)
Teenagers at risk of depression, anxiety and suicide often wear their troubles like a neon( 霓虹 灯) sign.
Their risky behaviors—drinking too much alcohol, using illegal drugs, smoking cigarettes and skipping
school—can alert parents and teachers that serious problems are brewing.
But a new study finds that there’s another group of adolescents who are in nearly as much danger of
experiencing the same psychiatric symptoms: teens who use tons of media, don’t get enough sleep and have a
sedentary (不爱活动的)lifestyle.
Of course, that may sound like a description of every teenager on the planet. But the study warns that it is
teenagers who engage in all three of these practices in the extreme who are truly in danger. Because their
behaviors are not usually seen as a red flag, these young people have been nicknamed the "invisible
risk"group by the study’s authors.
"In some ways they are at greater risk of falling through the cracks," says researchers Vladimir Carli.
"While most parents, teachers and clinicians would react to an adolescent using drugs or getting drunk, they
may easily overlook teenagers who are engaging in unobtrusive behaviors."
The study’s authors surveyed 12,395 students and analyzed nine risk behaviors: excessive alcohol use,
illegal drug use, heavy smoking, high media use and drop out. Their aim was to determine the relationship
between these risk behaviors and mental health issues in teenagers.
About 58% of the students demonstrated none or few of the risk behaviors. Some 13% scored high on all
nine of the risk behaviors. And 29%, the "invisible risk"group, scored high on three in particular: They spent
five hours a day or more electronic devices. They slept six hours a night or less. And they neglected "other
healthy activities."
The group that scored high on all nine of the risk behaviors was most likely to show symptoms of
depression; in all, nearly 15% of this cohort reported being depressed, compared with just 4% of the low-risk
group. But the invisible group wasn’t far behind the high-risk set, with more than 13% of them exhibiting
depression.
The findings caught Carli off guard. "We were very surprised,"he says. "The high-risk group and low-risk
group are obvious. But this third group was not only unexpected, it was so distinct and so large—nearly one
third of our sample—that it became a key finding of the study."
Carli says that one of the most significant things about his study is that it provides new early-warning signs
for parents, teachers and mental health-care providers. And early identification, support and treatment for
mental health issues, he says, are the best ways to keep them from turning into full-blown disorders.
1.What does the author mean by saying"Teenagers at risk of depression, anxiety and suicide often wear their
troubles like a neon sign"?
A.Mental problems can now be found in large numbers of teenagers
B.Teenagers’ mental problems are getting more and more attention
C.Teenagers’ mental problems are often easy to observe
D.Depression and anxiety are the most common symptoms of mental problems
2.What is the finding of the new study?
A.Teenagers’ lifestyle have changed greatly in recent years
B.Many teenagers resort to drugs or alcohol for mental relief
C.Teenagers experiencing psychological problems tend to use a lot of media
D.Many unobserved youngsters so far may have psychological problems
3.Why do the researchers refer to teenagers who use tons of media, don’t get enough sleep and have a
secondary lifestyle as the"invisible risk" group?
A.Their behaviors can be an invisible threat to society
B.Their behaviors do not have a warning signal
C.Their behaviors do not tend toward mental problems
D.Their behaviors can be found in almost all teenagers on earth
4.Why does the new study find about the invisible group?
A.They are almost as likely to suffer from depression as the high-risk group
B.They suffer from depression without showing any symptoms.
C.They do not often demonstrate risky behaviors as their peers
D.They do not attract the media attention the high-risk group does
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage.. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each
sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
One of the best parts of opening your own restaurant is the opportunity to let your creativity flow. 1 That
uniqueness can attract customers. However, creating a restaurant theme isn’t as cut and dry as choosing a
location and writing up a menu. A restaurant theme is a blend of food, atmosphere, and service. So how do
you decide which restaurant theme is right for you? How do you decide what kind of theme will stand out
from the local competition?
2 Often when a person decides they want to open a restaurant, they have a pretty good idea of the
concept – a steakhouse, a sandwich shop, a coffee house, etc. And that’s great, because it gives you a place to
start. But because of your personal bias in regards to your restaurant theme.,you might firmly believe that your
neighborhood is in need of a place to get a good steak and handcrafted beer. But do others agree with you?
Look at several restaurants from the point of view of other customers. Maybe you can’t stand the loud music
played at the local tavern, but there are many people who enjoy it while they eat dinner. 3 But that is your
opinion, not a hard fact.
To help you avoid bias, you can put together a focus group -something large corporations do routinely to
help them develop products and design advertising campaigns. A focus group of 10-15 people (be sure to
include people outside of your circle of friends and families) will answer a series of pointed questions.
What’s Your Audience?
White collar? Blue Collar? Families? Men? Women? Who do you hope to attract to your restaurant? What
appeals to one group of customers may not necessarily appeal to other groups. For example, what might entice
families with small children won’t necessarily work for single, white-collar office workers looking for a beer
and dinner after work. 4 It will determine things like hours of operation, seating capacity, design and
decoration of the dining room, and menu items and prices. For example, if your audience is families with
younger children, you don’t need to be open until midnight or have a full-service sports bar.
Summary
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Write a summary of the passage in 60 words.
Energy Harvesting:A New Way to Change Your Phone
Fed up with constantly having to recharge or replace batteries in your ever expanding electronic devices?
The solution may be just a few steps away.
"Energy harvesting" promises to power countless consumer devices, often with nothing more than your
body's movement or heat. Dozens of companies around the world already offer such products, but many
experts believe the market for the technology could explode due to electronic gadgets being developed for the
Internet of Things.
Among the most basic forms of the technology is body power. When certain materials are squeezed or
stretched, the movement of their atoms creates an electrical charge. Automatic watches have employed the
concept for decades, for example, by winding themselves when their user moves their arm. Now, the concept
is being considered for a number of other devices.
In a contest seeking visionary ideas for wearable technologies, Intel awarded $5,000 for a concept to
change the temperature difference between a person's body and a special piece of clothing they’d wear into
electricity for mobile devices.
Using sound to power devices is another energy-harvesting variation. Stanford University engineers are
testing smart microchips that create electricity from ultrasound to power implantable devices that can analyze
a person's nervous system or treat their diseases.A textile research association in Spain is proposing to obtain
electricity from radio waves that flow around everyone to power sensors sewn into clothes, which can monitor
a person's heartbeat or other vital signs.
Research firm IDTechEx has estimated that annual global sales of energy-harvesting products could hit
$US2.6 billion by 2024, while WinterGreen Research predicts sales of $4.2 billion by 2019.
Obtaining stable energy from devices can be complex, however. For one thing, the motion that generates
the electricity has to be constant to be useful. Moreover, the amount of power the devices produce depends on
the person using them, according to a Columbia University study. It determined that taller people on average
provide about 20 percent more power than shorter ones when walking, running or cycling.
It's also unclear how eagerly consumers might welcome energy-harvesting products. While such devices are
expected to cost less than battery-powered alternatives when compared over many years, experts say, people
may continue buying ones with batteries merely because those would be cheaper in the short term.
Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1.在这家商店你可以买到各种父亲节礼物。(available)
2.有证据表明全球气候变暖对自然环境造成了威胁。(threat)
3.过了许多年他才理解是他的坚持不懈使自己在他的科学研究领域创造奇迹。(before)
4.她对植物的兴趣可以追溯到童年时代,那时她就经常看着爷爷在自家的小花园里劳作。(when)
Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in
Chinese.
是父母的爱呵护着我们成长,那么在你的记忆中,你的父亲或母亲又给你留下了什么记忆呢?恰逢五月母
亲节和父亲节之际,请分享你心中的父亲或母亲,描述你真实的记忆,并写出难忘之处。