年 级 高三 学
科
英语 版 本 冀教版
内容标题 Unit 6 Manners, customs and cultures
知识精讲:
一. 教学内容:
Unit 6 Manners, customs and cultures
[学习过程]
1. reflect v. 反映,归咎
Her sad looks reflected the thought passing through her mind.
她忧戚的面容反映出她内心的思想。
reflect on vt. 考虑(回想,回顾)
He has to reflect on what answer to give.
他得思考一下如何答复。
reflection n. 反映,沉思,映像
1)On further reflection she saw her mistake.
进一步细想后,她明白了自己的错误。
2) This is a reflection upon your honor.
这对你的名誉是一个损害。
3) The cat felt curious when she saw her own reflection in the mirror.
小猫看到自己在镜子中的倒影,感到很好奇。
2. take away from vt. 从……拿走(从……拿开); 消除
He took away many books from the library.
take 的相关短语:
take apart 拆卸,拆开 take away 减去 take down 写下,记下
take for 把……误认为 take in 欺骗;吸收,吸纳 take off 起飞;匆匆
离开;脱下 take on 承担;呈现;开始雇佣 take over 接收,接管 take
to 喜欢,开始从事 take pictures 照相
take care of 照顾,照料 take up 开始从事,着手处理 take it
easy 别紧张
3. go about vt. 着手(尽力,走来走去)
1)Could you please inform me how to go about contacting a lawyer?
请您告诉我怎样去联络律师?
2)Let’s go about our business.
咱们来干自己的事吧。
3)Despite the threat of war, people go about their work as usual.
尽管战争一触即发,人们仍像平时一样工作。
go over 复习; 察看 go after 追求 go for 去找, 努力获取,
被认为, 主张, 拥护 go in for 参加 go round 流传 go
through 遭受、经历
4. awareness n. 认识(了解,知道)
aware a. 知道的,意识到的 be aware of / be aware that …
Their sudden attack made us more aware of the danger around us.
他们突然的攻击使我们更加注意我们周围的危险。
Are you aware that you are sitting on my hat?
你知道你坐在我的帽子上了吗?
5. uncertain a. 不确定的
certain a. 一定的 pron. 某几个,某些
for certain 肯定的,无疑的,必然发生的
be sure/certain + about /of 对(某事)有把握. 主语必须是人
be sure/certain to do sth.句型中,表示一定会做某事. 主语可以是人,
也可以是物
“be sure/certain +从句”句型中,表示“确信……”,主语只能是人,而
不能是物
“make sure/certain +从句”结构中,表示“确定;弄清楚”,主语只能是
人
It’s certain that … (这里 it 作为形式主语代替从句时,则其后的表
语用 certain,而不能用 sure)
Examples:
(1)It’s certain that every effect must have a cause.
无疑,每个结果必定有其原因。
(2)I can’t say for certain when he will arrive.
我说不准他什么时候会来。
(3)For certain reasons I will be unable to attend the meeting.
因为某种原因,我不能出席这次会议。
(4)I’m uncertain whether to go or not.
我不能肯定去还是不去。
注意:
I’ m sure…与 I’m certain…均可译为“我深信(确)信……”,但两者
的含义却不同。前者表示一种主观上的判断或感觉,事实并不一定如此。
后者强调的则是客观事实,意为主语已经知道后面的内容是既定的事实。
I’m sure he didn’t steal it. He isn’t that kind of person. 我确
信他没偷,他不是那种人。I’m certain he didn’t break the cup. I broke
it myself. 我敢肯定他没有打碎那个茶杯,(因为)那个茶杯是我打碎的。
6. in sb.’ s shoes 处于……的地位(或境地)= put oneself in sb.’ s
place
Put yourself in my shoes, and then perhaps you’ll stop complaining.
你设身处地为我想一想,也许就不会再抱怨了。
What else could he do? Put yourself in his place.
他又有什么办法呢?你替他设身处地想想看。
7. convenience n. 便利,方便
convenient a. 方便的
It’s convenience to do / It’s convenient for sb. to do / at one’
s(sb’. s) convenience
Examples:
(1)It’s a great convenience to live in town.
住在城市里有很大的方便。
(2)Will it be convenient for you to come in the morning?
你上午来方便吗?
(3)We trust to receive a cheque at your earliest convenience.
我们希望早日收到你的支票。
8. extended a. 广大的,扩大范围的,长期的 be extended to 扩大到……
extend v. 延长,扩充
Examples:
(1)The hot weather extended into October.
炎热天气一直持续到十月。
(2)My garden extends as far as the river.
我的花园一直伸展到河边。
(3)The paddy area was extended to 900000 mu last year.
去年稻田面积扩大到了 90 万亩。
(4)She extended both hands towards her mother. 她向母亲伸出双臂。
注意:
extend 意为“延伸,扩展,伸出”;expand 意为“张开,展开,膨胀”;
expend 意为“用掉,耗费掉”;stretch 指把某样东西变长,通常不是加长,而
是用拉伸的方法使之变长;spread 指使某物摊开、展开或消息等向四面八方传
播开;
9. matter n. 事件,物质,原因 v. 有关系
It (doesn’t )matter +从句
What’s the matter with sth. ? ……怎么了?
A matter of 关于……的问题
Examples:
(1)I don’t talk with my boss about my private matters.
我不和我的老板谈私事。
(2)What’s the matter? Why are you crying?
怎么回事?你为什么哭?
(3)It doesn’t matter to me what you do.
你做什么都跟我毫无关系。
(4)I want to speak to her in the matter of my salary.
我想跟她谈谈我的薪水问题。
(5)It may be a matter of months before it’s ready.
要准备好可能得数月时间。
10. support n. 支持,援助,供养 vt. 支援,帮助,支持
supporter n 支持者
Examples:
(1)He needs a high income to support such a large family.
他需要有高收入才能供养得起这样一个大家庭。
(2)Which football team do you support?
你支持哪个足球队?
(3)They signed a petition in support of the workers’ demands.
他们在请愿书上签名,支持工人的请求。
(4)The theatre has had to close for lack of support.
这家剧院光顾者寡只好关闭。
(5)The government’s supporters welcomed the new law.
拥护政府的人都欢迎新颁布的法规。
11. pick up
1)拾起;抱起
e.g. He picked up his crying child. 他抱起了他啼哭的孩子。
2)(非正规地)学会,学到
e.g. Young children soon pick up words they hear their elders use.
孩子们很快就能学会他们经常听到的大人们说的话。
3)见到;听出,收听到
e.g. We picked up the harbour lights as we sailed along.我们向前航
行时看见了港口的灯塔。
4)搭载
e.g. We’ll send the ambulance to pick him up. 我们要派一辆救护车
接他走。
5)无意地或偶然地买到,顺便去买
e.g. Where did you pick up that lovely old vase? 你在哪里买到那只
可爱的旧花瓶?
6) 染上(疾病或坏习惯)
e.g. He has picked up some bad habits at that school. 他在那所学校
沾染了一些坏习惯。
7) 整理,收拾
e.g. I won’t pick up after you, children. 孩子们,我不会替你们整理
房间的。
8)加速
e.g. The train moved slowly from the station, but picked up speed as
it reached the open country. 火车在站内走得很慢,但到开阔地段便加速行
驶。
12. figure out vt. 算出(想出,理解,断定,解决)
Examples:
(1)It didn’t take the children long to figure out the correct answer.
孩子们没有花很多时间就算出了正确的答案。
(2)He’s trying to figure out a way to solve the problem.
他正在努力想办法解决这个问题。
(3)I can’t figure out why he is absent.
我弄不明白他为什么缺席。
13. adjust v. 调整,使……适于
adjust oneself to sth./ doing
Examples:
(1)He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.
他很快使自己适应了这个国家炎热的天气。
(2)This kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need.
这种书桌的高低可以按照你的需要调节。
(3)I soon adjusted myself to my new job. 我很快适应了新的工作。
(4)These desks and seats call be adjusted to the heights of any child.
这些课桌椅可以按孩子的身高进行调整。
(5)Can you adjust the light on my bike so that it shines on the road?
你能替我把自行车上的灯调整一下,使光线照在路上吗?
14. possess v. 持有,克制,为……着迷
Examples:
(1)I don’t know what possessed him to drive so fast down that busy
street.
我不知道他着了什么魔,在那条热闹的街上把车子开得这么快。
(2)The police asked me if I possessed a gun.
警察问我是否有枪。
(3)He possesses two cars.
他有两辆汽车。
possession n. 财产,所有,拥有
in possession (物)被据有,(人)据有
in possession of(sth.) 控制,拥有 in the possession of (sb.) 控
制,拥有
Examples:
(1)The people had to gather up their few possessions and escaped
abroad.
人们不得不收拾起仅有的一点财物逃到国外去。
(2)He was found in possession of dangerous drugs.
他被发现藏有危险物品。
(3)Twenty years ago, his father was very rich and was in possession
of a farm.
二十年前, 他父亲很富有, 有一个农场。
15. judgment n. 裁判,宣告,判决书
Examples:
(1)He passed judgment on the guilty man.
他对那个罪犯做出了裁决。
(2)In my judgment, we should accept their apology.
依我看,我们应该接受他们的道歉。
(3)Her decision seems to show a lack of political judgment.
她的决定似乎显示出缺乏政治判断力。
judge n. 法官 v. 裁决,判断,审判 vt. 断定,判断
Examples:
(1)He is an impartial judge.
他是一位公正的法官。
(2)You can’t judge a book by its cover.
不能根据封面判断一本书。
(3)We judge that he is the best candidate.
我们认为他是最佳人选。
(4)I judge him to be about 40.
我断定他有 40 来岁。
16. refer v. 把……提交,谈及,参考
refer to vt. 涉及(指的是,提及,参考,适用于)
(1)For further particulars, please refer to Chapter Ten.
详情请看第 10 章。
(2) Don’t refer to this matter again, please.
请不要再提这件事了。
(3)This regulation refers only to children.
这些规定仅适用于儿童。
17. similar a. 相似的,类似的,相同,一样 be similar to 类似于
(1)We have similar opinions.
我们的看法相同。
(2)Gold is similar in color to brass.
金和铜颜色相仿。
(3)He talked about it in a similar way.
他对此事有相似的说法。
similarity n. 相似,类似
The similarity between them has often been remarked on.
他们之间很相似,这是常有人提到的事。