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Unit 1 Dream homes 语法 ：数词
一、数词的定义：
表示数目多少或顺序先后的词为数词。
二、数词的分类：
数词可分为基数词和序数词，基数词表示数量的多少，序数词表示顺序的先后。
三、数词的用法
基数词的用法
I. 基数词的构成。
（1）基数词 1-12 是独立的单词。
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
（2）基数词 13-19 是在个位数后面加-teen 构成，其中 thirteen, fifteen, eighteen 是不规
则变化。
thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
（3）整十的基数词 20-90 是在个位数词后面加-ty 构成，其中 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty,
eighty 是不规则变化。
twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
（4）非整十基数词 21-99 是在十位数后面加上个位数构成，中间加上连字符“-”。
twenty-one, seventy-six, eighty-eight
（5）三位数以上的基数词，百位数和十位数之间用 and 连接。
two hundred and one, three thousand five hundred and fourteen
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（6）英语中没有“万”和“亿”这两个单位，在表示“万”和“亿”时，把“万”念
成 10 个千，“十万”念成 100 个千，“亿”念成 100 个百万……以此类推。
10,000：ten thousand
100,000: a hundred thousand
100,000,000: a hundred million
35, 845: thirty-five thousand, eight hundred and forty-five
II. hundred, thousand, million 和 billion 的用法。
hundred, thousand, million 和 billion 等表示确切数字时，只用其单数形式；但是在表示不
确切数字时，要用其复数形式，并且与 of 连用，表示约数。
e.g:1. There are more than three hundred days in a year. 一年有三百多天。
2. Thousands of visitors travel to the Great Wall every year. 每年有成千上万的游客游
玩长城。
III. 基数词表示编号。
例如：
Lesson Five (the fifth lesson) 第五课
Room 306 306 房间
Page Twelve (the twelfth page) 第十二页
Class One, Grade Six 六年级一班
② 序数词的用法。
I. 序数词的构成。
（1）序数词 1-3 是独立的单词。
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first, second, third
（2）基数词 4-19 是在基数词后面加-th 构成，其中 fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, thirteenth,
fifteenth 是不规则变化。
fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth,
fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth
（3）整十的基数词 20-90 变序数词时，变 y 为 i 再加“eth”。
twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eighties, ninetieth
（4）21 以上非整十基数词变序数词时，只需将其个位数变成序数词，其它位数仍用基
数词。
twenty-first, seventy-sixth, two hundred and eighty-eighth
II. 使用序数词时，前面经常加上定冠词 the。
e.g: 1. He is always the first person to reach school. 他总是第一个到达学校。
2. This is the third time for me to go to Beijing. 这是我第三次去北京。
四、各种数的表达
I. 日期的表达。
英语中的日期表达采用“月、日、年”或“日、月、年”的顺序。年份用基数词表达，
日期用序数词表达。
例如：
10 月 1 日：October 1st / the first of October
2006 年 7 月 5 日：July 5th, 2006 / the fifth of July, 2006
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II. 时间的表达。
（1）直接表达法
用基数词 + o’clock 来表示整点，注意 o’clock 须用单数，可以省略。
例如：
eight o’clock 八点钟，ten (o’clock) 十点钟
用基数词按“钟点 + 分钟”的顺序直接写出时间。
例如：
eleven five 十一点零五分，six forty 六点四十
（2）间接表达法
如果分钟数少于 30 分钟，可用分钟 + past + 钟点表示，其中 past 是介词，意思是“过”。
例如：
twenty past four 四点二十 eight past one 一点零八分
如果分钟数多于 30 分钟，可用（60 分钟-原分钟数）+ to +（原钟点数+ 1）表示，其中
to 是介词，意思是“差”。
例如：
8:35 可表示为 twenty-five to nine 差二十五分钟九点，即八点三十五（其中的分钟数
twenty-five 是由 60 分钟减去 35 分钟得到的；钟点数 nine 是由 8 加上 1 得到的）。
★注意：
① 当分钟数是 15 分钟时，可用名词 quarter （一刻钟）表示。例如：
7:15 可表示为 a quarter past seven， 12:15 可表示为 a quarter past twelve
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② 当分钟数是 30 分钟时，可用名词 half （一半）表示。
例如：
9:30 可表示为 half past nine，3:30 可表示为 half past three。
III. 数量词的用法。
表示长、宽、高，用“基数词+单位词（meter, kilometer, foot, inch 等）+形容词（long,
wide, high 等）” 表示。
two meters long 两米长
three inches high 三英尺高
four inches wide 四英寸宽
表示时间、距离时，用含有数词的名词所有格形式作定语。
five minutes’ walk 步行五分钟
two hours’ ride 骑车两小时
由数词和其它名词组成的复合数词，其中的名词用单数形式，各部分之间用连字符“-”
来连接。
a three-month-old baby 一个三个月大的婴儿
a five-day holiday 五天的假期
④ 复合数词相当于一个形容词，用来修饰名词，不能作表语。
The building is ten meters high.（√）
This is a ten-meter-high building.（√）
The building is ten-meter-high.（×）
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This is a ten meters high building.（×）
IV.分数的表达。
分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于 1 时，分母加 s 表示复数。
例如：
1/3 one third 3/8 three eighths
“分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词单复数，取决于名词的单复数。名词为单数则谓
语动词用单数，名词为复数则谓语动词用复数。
e.g: 1. Two thirds of the land is covered with water. 三分之二的陆地都是被水所覆盖的。
2. One fifth of the students come from the countryside. 五分之一的学生来自农村。
【同步练习】
1.-We’ll be back for our school’s anniversary（周年）ceremony.
-I see. That means you’ll have a get-together with your classmates in years.
A. twelve; seven B. twelfth; seven C. twelve; seventh D. twelfth; seventh
2.Dick, it is the time in days that you’ve made the same mistake.
A. two; three B. second; three C. two; third D. second; third
3. people got hurt after the earthquake in Yingjiang,Yunnan Province.
A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundreds of D. Two hundreds
4.-How old is your son?
- .We had a special party for his birthday last Saturday.
A. Nine; ninth B. Nine; nine C. Ninth; nine D. Ninth; ninth
5.-How far away is the small village from Moscow?
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-It’s about kilometers.
A. seven hundred and twenty two B. seven hundred and twenty-two
C. seven hundreds and twenty- two D. seven hundreds and twenty two
6.-There are sixty students in our class. And of us are boys.
-Wow! Forty girls in your class.
A. one fourth B. one third C. three quarters D. two thirds
7.Although I failed four times, my father encouraged me to have a try.
A. third B. fourth C. fifth
8.-Do you know the boy is sitting next to Peter?
-Yes. He is Peter’s friend. They are celebrating his birthday.
A. who; ninth B. that; nineth C. /;ninth D. which; ninth
9.(2011 湖 北 武 汉 )The World Table Tennis Championship began
the morning of May 25,2010 Moscow, Russia.
A. Fifty; in; in B. Fiftieth; on; in C. fiftieth; in; on D. Fifty; on; in
10.A new study proves a walk every day is enough to keep people away
from becoming fat.
A. 30-minute B. 30 minute’s C. 30-minutes D.30 minutes
11.Would you please pass me book on the right?
A. the third B. the three C. three D. third
12.About of the students in the school were born in the .
A. two-thirds; 1990 B. two-thirds; 1990s
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C. two-third; 1990 D. two-third;1990s
13.Now let’s have .Don’t give up.
A. the second try B. a second try C. second try D. this second try
14. (2010 湖北)He became a super star .
A. in his thirty B. in his thirties C. at his thirty D. at his thirties
15.（2010 江西）June is Children’s Day.
A. the one B. the first C. the one’s D. one
16.（2012 江西新余）-What do you think of the environment here?
-Wonderful! of the land covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifths; are B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifth; is
17.Wang Ming is in our class.
A. the third tallest B. third tallest C. three tallest D. the three tallest
18The Olympic Games are held .
A. every four years B. every four year C. every fourth years D. every four-years
19.-How was your weekend?
-Great! It was my grandfather’s birthday. We enjoyed ourselves.
A. seventy B. seventieth C. the seventieth D. seventeenth
20.It is said that young people may lose their abilities to hear after five
years if they listen to MP4 players which are too loud for more than five hours a
week.
A. thousand of B. six thousands C. thousands of
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21.It is reported that people throw plastic bags along this street every day.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of
22.Some scientists think that it will take of years to make robots do most
work for humans.
A. hundreds B. hundred C. thousand
23. Did you know that the Earth is home to animals?
A. million B. millions C. million of D. millions of
24.The government of Chongqing is building cheap and good houses for
the people.
A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of
25.The teacher said that of the boys would take part in the talent show.
A. three five B. three fives C. thirds fifths D. three fifths
26.-Have you seen the CCTV news on TV?
-Yes, children had a good festival on the Children’s Day.
A. millions of; sixty B. ten million; sixty
C. millions of; sixtieth D. ten millions; sixtieth
27.This is Mr.White’s visit to Beijing.He has been there twicebefore.
A. two B. second C. three D. third
28I got a beautiful bike on birthday. I like it very much.
A. fifteenth B. fifteen C. my fifteen D. my fifteenth
29.Now, everybody, please turn to Page and look at the
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picture.
A. Fifth; five B. Five; fifth C. Fifth; fifth D. Five; five
30.I think of the materials I listened to at the beginning of the exam
easy.
A. three fourths; is B. third four; are C. three fourths; are D. three fourth; are
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