Unit3 Tomorrow's world Grammar
【学习目标】
被动语态的含义，结构和用法。
【学习重难点】
熟练使用被动语态。
【学习过程】
【预习导学】
一、用所给动词的正确形式填空：
1．I ___________ (give) a new book by my father on my birthday.
2．English ___________ (find) very useful.
3．The work ______________ (finish) tomorrow.
4．The flowers ______________ (water) by them now.
5．The railway ________________ (build) this time last year.
6．The new way _______ already _________ (build).
7．The new railway ___________ (build) by the end of last year.
8．He told me the sports meeting ____________ (hold) the next month.
9．Rice ___________ (grow) in the south of the States.
二、句型与语法（被动语态）检测
句型转换(每空一词)
1．The teacher explained it to us again to get it across to us.
The teacher explained it to us again to _______ _______ __________.
2．You’d better ask someone to repair your broken bike.
You’d better _______ _______ _______ _______ _______.
3．The suggestion put forward by them was that the new plan be carried out at once.
The ________ _______ ________ ______ _______ the new plan be carried out at once.
4．The research has shown that the medicine can be a good treatment for people suffering from
this kind of illness.
In the research_______ ________ ________ ________ _______ the medicine can be a good
treatment for people suffering from this kind of illness.
5．A town appears in front of me and it is very modern.
There is a city appearing in front of me ______ _______ very modern..
6．As soon as we arrived at the railway station, the honored guests all were welcomed warmly.
________ _________ _________ the railway station, the honored guests all were welcomed
warmly.
7．They ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with them.
They ran_______ ________ ________ _______ ______ catch up with
8．Television not only appeals to those who can read but to those who can't.
_______ ________ ________ _______ ______ to those who can read______ to those who
can't.
9．I cannot start my car and perhaps there is something wrong with the engine.
I cannot______ _______ _______ ______ and perhaps there is something wrong with the
engine.
10．Someone has accused him of stealing a lot of money from the market.
He______ _______ ______ _______ stealing a lot of money from the market.
【合作探究】
一、有关被动语态的几个重要考点
■将语态与主谓一致结合起来命题
（ ）1．All the employees except the manager ______to work online at home.
A．encourages B．encourage C．is encouraged D．are encouraged
（ ）2．A library with five thousand books _______to the nation as a gift.
A．is offered B．has offered C．are offered D．have offered
■将语态与虚拟语气结合起来命题
（ ）3．—Don’t you think it necessary that he ___to Miami but to New York?
— I agree, but the problem is ______ he has refused to.
A．will not be sent; that B．not be sent; that
C．should not be sent; what D．should not send; what
■将语态与倒装结合起来命题
（ ）4．Only after my friend came ______.
A．did the computer repaired B．be repaired the computer
C．was the computer repaired D．the computer was repaired
■将固定短语中的名词作主语来增加句子理解难度
（ ）5．Good care must ______babies, particularly while they are ill.
A．take B．take of C．be taken D．be taken of
■在语境中将语态与时态结合起来命题
（ ）6．The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ______to eat
more fruit and vegetables.
A．persuade B．will persuade C．be persuaded D．are persuaded
（ ）7．Hundreds of jobs ______if the factory closes.
A．lose B．will be lost C．are lost D．will lost
（ ）8．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______each year.
A．were washed away B．is being washed away
C．are washing away D．are being washed away
（ ）9．—The window is dirty. —I know. It ______ for weeks
A．hasn’t cleaned B．didn’t clean
C．wasn’t cleaned D．hasn’t been cleaned
（ ）10．—George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to the wedding?
—No, I ______. Did they have a big wedding?
A．was not invited B．have not been invited
C．hadn’t been invited D．didn’t invite
二、以主动的形式表示被动的含义的情况：
1．一些表示事物感官特性的动词如: look(看起来), sound(听起来), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起
来), feel(摸起来)当主语为物体时，一般用主动形式表示被动含义。
Eg1．The idea sounds interesting. 这个主意听起来有趣。
Eg2．This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布料摸起来很软。
2．有些动词常用主动式表被动，其主语常常为物而不是人，通常表示事物主语的某种属
性和特征。如：act, add, bend, close, lock, cut, begin, move, open, shut, read, sell, teach, translate,
wash, wear, write, clean, occur, happen, succeed, fail, deserve, run (经营), fit, lack, suit, hold（盛下、
装下）, cost, last, prove 等。
有些动词短语也用主动式表被动，如：come about, break out, belong to, add up to, take place,
coming into being, suffer from, give out, run out, consist of, take part in, come true, promise, turn out,
shut off, turn off, work out 等。
Eg1．This kind of shirt sells well here.
Eg2．This pen writes smoothly.
Eg3．The car drives well.
3．want, need, require 等词表“需要”时，后边可跟 ing 形式表被动，相当于 to be done.
My bike needs repairing. = My bike needs to be repaired．
4．不定式放在作表语的形容词后面作状语时，不定式与句子主语构成动宾关系式，多用
主动式表被动，常用于此结构的形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, pleasant, interesting, bitter, nice, fit,
light, dangerous, important, heavy 等。
Eg1．The picture is pleasant to look at.
Eg2．The question is easy to answer.
Eg3．The street was difficult to find.
Eg4．Good medicine is bitter to taste.
5．下列结构只用主动式表被动
be worth doing = be worth to be done = be worthy of being done, be missing, in need of,
remaining;
Want/need/require doing… (某事需要被……)
be to let/rent/hire, be to blame
6．连系动词表感观的：be, appear, feel, look, ring, taste, smell, sound;
表变化的：become, come, drop, fall, get, grow, go, make, run, turn, work;
表依旧的：continue, hold, keep, lie, remain, rest, stay, stand 等 + 形容词，只用主动式表被
动。
7．excite, interest, frighten, surprise, satisfy, encourage, delight, disappoint, worry, astonish 等
“使……感到……”之类的词常用于下列结构：
1) sb. + be + ed 分词作表语
sth. + be + ing 分词作表语
2) 作定语 ed 分词 + sb. 或 sb’s 面部表情
作定语 ing + sth.
3) 下面词或短语没有被动态：
leave, enter, reach, become, benefit, cost, equal, contain, last, lack, fit, fail, have, appear, happen,
occur, belong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, have on,
lose heart 等等
【检测】
一、单项填空
1 ．He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _______ in his
lectures.
A．interested B．interesting C．interest D．to interest
2．Simon made a big bamboo box _______ the little sick bird till it could fly.
A．keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keep
3．The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these
years.
A．what B．which C．that D．though
4 ． News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing
University.
A．which B．what C．that D．where
5．(2010 辽宁卷) Alexander tried to get his work _______in the medical circles .
A．to recognize B．recognizing C．recognize D．recognized
6．Sophia got an e-mail ________ her credit card account number.
A．asking for B．ask for C．asked for D．having asked for
7．Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
A．who B．which C．why D．when
8．The village has developed a lot we learned farming two years ago.
A．when B．which C．that D．where
9．A Midsummer Night's Dream at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and then tours
throughout Scotland.
A．opens B．is opened C．will open D．will be opened
10．(2013 北京卷)—So what is the procedure?
—All the applicants before a final decision is made by the authority.
A．interview B．are interviewing C．are interviewed D．are being interviewed
11．— Put these glasses away before they______.
— OK, I’ll put them in the cupboard．
A．have broken B．are breaking C．get broken D．will be broken
12．Your composition beautifully. Is it the one I saw you write yesterday?
A．is read B．was read C．reads D．read
13．It is the first time that smoking control into China’s national economic and social
development.
A．is put B．will be put C．was put D．has been put
14．—Have you moved to your new house?
—Not yet. It _____ now.
A．is decorated B．had been decorated C．is being decorated D．has been decorated
15．It’s a custom in China to have some tea or other drinks before the meal ____.
A．serves B．served C．is served D．to be served
16．The government announced that six highways ____by the end of last year.
A．built B．had built C．have been built D．had been built
17．—It's so cold! Why not close the window?
—Sorry. It ________. I'll have it repaired.
A．won't be shut B．won't shut C．hadn't shut D．isn't shutting
18．—How do you think of his teaching method?
—It should be popular; it ________ practical.
A．proves B．is proved C．has been proved D．was proved
19．—Hi, Torry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?
—Sorry.________.
A．It's repaired B．It has been repaired
C．It's being repaired D．It had been repaired
20 ．They were ahead during the first half of the match, but they ________ in the last five
minutes.
A．were beating B．beat C．were beaten D．had been beaten
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