人教版高考英语一轮复习必修4Unit1Women of achievement完美

必修4 Unit 1 Women of achievement Part Ⅰ 重点词汇通关 1. observe vt. 观察; 注意到; 观测; 遵守; 庆祝 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①(2017·江苏高考)This educational method was first ________(observe) in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer and her colleagues. observed ②(2015·江苏高考) It is everybody’s duty _________ (observe) traffic rules to keep our society in order and going on the right track. to observe 【写作提升】同义句转换 ③On the top of Mountain Tai, people excitedly observed that the sun was rising from the sea. →On the top of Mountain Tai, people excitedly _______________________________. observed the sun rising from the sea 【考点必记】 (1)observe sb. do sth. 　　　　　　　 观察/注意到某人做某事(全过程) observe sb. doing sth. 观察/注意到某人正在做某事 (2)observation n. 观察; 监视; 观测 【误区释疑】 observe后跟不带to的不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语, 不能说observe sb. to do sth. , 但在被动语态中, 必须带to。 2. respect vt. & n. 尊敬; 尊重; 敬意; 细节; 问候 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)We were _________(respect) of craft(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. ②I hope airlines can show more respect ___ passengers and improve service. 世纪金榜导学号79060075 respectful for 【写作提升】同义句转换 ③In addition, you should respect all the teachers who unselfishly help you to gain much knowledge. →In addition, you should ___________________all the teachers who unselfishly help you to gain much knowledge. show/have respect for ④As for this question, there are three opinions. →_________________________this question, there are three opinions. In respect of/With respect to 【考点必记】 (1)respect sb. for sth. 　　 因某事尊敬或敬重某人 (2)show/have respect for 对……表示尊敬/尊重 give/send one’s respects to 代某人向……问候 in respect of/with respect to 关于; 就……而言 (3)respectful adj. 尊重的; 恭敬的; 殷勤的 【熟词生义】 There was one respect, however, in which they differed. ( ) n. 方面, 细节 3. argue vt. & vi. 讨论; 辩论; 争论; 争吵; 主张; 认为 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing ____ him or her. with ②(2015·福建高考)When this happens, the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated _________(argue). argument 【写作提升】同义句转换 ③To persuade the peasants to believe scientific farming is our task. →To ____________________________scientific farming is our task. argue the peasants into believing 【考点必记】 (1)argue with sb. about/over sth. 　　　　　　　　　　与某人争论某事 argue for/against sth. 据理力争/反对某事 argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 argue that. . . (should) do. . . 主张/认为…… (2)argument n. 论证; 论据; 争吵 【思维拓展】其他表示“说服某人做某事”的方式 persuade sb. convince sb. to do sth. talk sb. into doing sth. to do sth. into doing sth. 4. refer (referred, referring) vi. 谈到; 查阅; 参考 【语境检测】完成句子 ①When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually _______ relevant learning materials or Web pages. 每当我遇到困难时, 我通常选择查阅相关的学习资料 或者网页。 refer to ②The businessman (that/who) you __________just now is selfless, who does everything for others in exchange for nothing. 你刚才提到的那个商人很无私, 他为他人做任何事情都不求回报。 referred to 【考点必记】 (1)refer to　　　 谈到; 参考; 查阅 refer. . . to. . . 把……提交给……; 让(人)参考…… refer to. . . as. . . 把……称作…… (2)reference n. 提及, 涉及; 参考, 参考书目 【误区释疑】 　　refer to作“查阅”讲, 后接词典或参考书等词; look up作“查阅”讲, 后接被查找 的东西。 5. intend vt. 计划; 打算 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)The journey was intended _________ (achieve) more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. to achieve ②The school being built at present is said to be intended ___ the disabled children. 世纪金榜导学号79060076 for 【写作提升】同义句转换 ③They had intended to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams. →They ___________________into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams. intended to have gone 【考点必记】 (1)intend doing/to do sth. 　　　　　　　　　 打算/想要做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 计划让某人做某事 be intended for/to do. . . 预定……用途; 旨在……, 为……打算的 had intended to do... intended to have done... (2)intention n. 意图; 目的; 打算 本打算做……(但实际未做) Part Ⅱ 重点短语句式通关 6. come across (偶然)遇见; 碰见; 走过; 穿过 【语境检测】写出黑体部分的含义 ①When you come across new words, it is not a good idea to look them up in a dictionary at once. ( ) 偶然遇见; 碰见 ②(2015·湖南高考)He came across that floor waving his arms like a young bird attempting its first flight. ( ) 走过, 穿过 【写作提升】完成句子 ③From the book, I have learned that ____________ ____________________, we should never give in or run away. 从这本书中, 我得知无论什么时候我们遇到困难, 我们都不能够屈服或逃避。 whenever we come across difficulties 【考点必记】 (1)同义短语: run across/meet by chance (2)come about　 发生 come on 快点; 加油; 出场; 进展 come out 出现; 开花; 发行; 结果是 come up (问题、计划等)被提出; 升起; 长出地面 come up with 提出 7. Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. 我一旦 停下来, 所有的一切都会涌上心头, 我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩。 【语境检测】完成句子/句型转换 ①(2015·北京高考) ______________________, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. 一旦被毁坏, 农田将会花费很多年才能恢复。 世纪金榜导学号79060077 Once the damage is done ②Once he was buried in something, he would close his ears to anything. →_______________________, he would close his ears to anything. Once buried in something 【考点必记】 　　once在本句中引导条件状语从句, 意为“一旦”。如果once引导的从句的主语与 主句的主语一致, 且从句中的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式, 或从句为“it be. . . ”形 式, 从句中的“主语+be”或“it be”可以省略。 【备选要点】 1. behave vt. & vi. 举动; (举止或行为)表现 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①(2016·浙江高考)Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing _________(behave) in a group. ②He always behaves very well __________ us. behaviors towards/to 【写作提升】语境填词 ③The girl was ____________ at the banquet and everyone praised her decent _________. So my mother asked me to follow her and _____________. 那个女孩 在宴会中表现很好, 每个人都表扬了她的得体行为。 因此母亲让我也要像她那样表现得体。 well-behaved behaviour behave myself 【考点必记】 (1)behave well/badly to/towards sb. 　　　　　 对待某人好/差 behave oneself 守规矩; 表现得体 (2)well-behaved adj. 表现好的 badly-behaved adj. 表现差的 (3)behaviour n. 举止; 行为; 习性 2. deliver vt. 递送; 生(小孩儿); 接生; 发表(演说等) 【语境检测】写出黑体部分的含义 ①(2015·四川高考)Across Britain, burnt toast (烤面包 片) will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and daughters rush to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers. ( ) 派送, 分发 ②The princess has been delivered of a healthy baby boy. ( ) ③She is due to deliver a lecture on genetic engineering. ( ) 生小孩儿 vt. 发表演讲 【写作提升】完成句子 ④Chinese President Xi Jinping attended 2017 BRICKS Summit held in Xiamen and ___________ _______________. 中国国家主席习近平出席在厦门举办的2017金砖 峰会并发表了重要讲话。 delivered an important speech ⑤If you subscribe to the newspaper, ______________ __ your door. 如果你订阅报纸, 它会给你送货上门的。 it’ll be delivered to 【考点必记】 (1)deliver sth. to sb. 把……递送给某人 deliver a speech 发表演说 (2)delivery n. 投递; 送货; 分娩 【误区释疑】 deliver后不接双宾语, 即不能说deliver sb. sth. 。 【巧学助记】图解deliver含义 【熟词生义】 She always delivers on her promises. ( ) vi兑现, 履行诺言 3. achievement n. 成就; 功绩 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①On reaching the top of the mountain, a feeling of happiness and __ sense of achievement will be experienced. a ②(2015·北京高考) In the last few years, China has made great ____________ (achieve) in environmental protection. achievements 【写作提升】完成句子 ③(2016·江苏高考) Kart was offering a way for us to change our lives and _________________. Kart向我们提供了改变生活和实现梦想的方法。 achieve our dreams 【考点必记】 (1)a sense of achievement　 成就感 make great achievements 取得巨大的成就 (2)achieve vt. 达到; 完成 achieve success 获得成功 achieve one’s goal 实现目标 4. carry on 继续; 坚持 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①(2016·天津高考)I hate it when she calls me at work —I’m always too busy to carry ___ a conversation with her. ②They carry on ____ their experiment despite strong opposition. on with 【写作提升】语境填词 ③They ____________________; as a result, their efforts __________________. 他们一直在帮助他, 结果, 他们的努力帮他渡过了 难关。 carried on helping him carried him through 【考点必记】 carry on doing sth. carry on(with) sth. carry away 拿走; 冲走; 掠走 carry out 实施, 执行, 履行; 完成 carry through 成功完成, 履行; 使渡过难关 继续/坚持做某事 5. crowd in (想法、问题等)涌上心头, 涌入脑海 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle’s restaurant is always ________(crowd) with customers at meal times. ②When the gates of the ground were opened, all the football supporters crowded __. crowded in 【写作提升】完成句子 ③When the ambulance arrived, ________________ ____________there. 救护车赶到时, 很多人已经聚集 在那里。 a crowd of people had gathered 【考点必记】 (1)crowd vt. &vi. 　　 挤满; 使拥挤; 聚集 be crowded with 挤满了…… crowd into 涌入……; 挤入…… (2)crowd n. 人群; 观众 a crowd of 许多 Ⅰ. 课文里的高考 根据课文内容, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内 单词的正确形式。 　　Since her childhood, Jane Goodall had wanted to work with animals in 1. _____(they) own environment. In 1960 she went to Gombe National Park for her their research, which was 2. _______(usual) for a woman at that time. There she spent many years 3. _________ (observe) and recording chimps’ daily activities and their 4. ___________(behave). She followed a family of chimps from waking up to going to sleep 5. __ their nest. Thus, she discovered that chimps eat meat, not as people had thought about them before. She also unusual observing behavio(u)r in discovered how chimps communicate with each other 6. ____managed to work out their social system with her study of their body language. She realized that 7. ___ bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family. For forty years she 8. ________(be) outspoken about making the rest of and the has been the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that they should 9. ______ (leave) in their own wild environment and that they shouldn’t be used for entertainment or 10. _____________(advertisement). be left advertisements Ⅱ. 话题中的写作 　　一份对外发行的英文报纸有“人物剪影”栏目, 请根据下面的提示写一篇英语短 文, 介绍著名人物汉斯(Hans)。 　　1. 一生都奉献给了无家可归的儿童, 赢得了所有人的尊重; 　　2. 曾被邀请在哈佛大学毕业典礼上发表(deliver)演讲; 　　3. 名言: ①照顾孩子是平凡的工作, 但是你不要瞧不起平凡的工作; ②一旦开始做一件事情, 你就必须坚持下去, 否则你将一事无成。 注意: 1. 词数: 80个左右; 　　 2. 尽量使用本单元的知识点; 　　 3. 可适当增加细节。 ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 【参考范文】 　　Hans, a man of great achievements, has devoted all his life to homeless children, whose behaviour has won respect of all. When asked to deliver a speech on the graduation in Harvard University, he said, “Caring for children is an ordinary job, but don̓t look down upon ordinary jobs. ” and he added, “Once you begin to do something, you must carry on with it, otherwise you will never achieve anything. Only when you are old looking back and saying that you have tried your best will you be content with your life. ”