高考英语复习之高考真题阅读词块精析（二十一）

2021高考英语复习之高考真题阅读词块精析（二十一） 2020全国三卷（C篇） With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together. The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters. Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol — one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor. “We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.” And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.” It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013. Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million. Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married. 词块梳理 1：able adj. 能够…的, 得以…的，有才干的, 有本事的 比较级: abler, ablest 副 词: ably 近义词： [adj.] competent, capable, fit, healthy 反义词： [n.] unable, incompetent, incapable, unfit 解析： able: 最常用词，多用于褒义，着重指多方面的，经常性的，或潜在性的能力。有时也 指高超、非凡的能力。 capable: 语气弱于 able，指有能力、有潜力或有条件做某事，常与 of 连用。 competent: 强调具有能胜任某项工作的足够技能或其它所需的条件。 词组 | 习惯用语 will be able to 将能够 be able to do 能够做 be able to take 经受得住某事(指困难、痛苦的事) able person 能人；有能力的人；有用的人才 spell able 干练的；有能力的 able seaman 一级水手；熟练水手；[英国，加拿大]二等水兵 2：isolate vt. 使孤立；使绝缘；使隔离 n. 隔离种群 vi. 孤立；隔离 adj. 隔离的；孤立的 时 态: isolated, isolating, isolates 名 词: isolator 近义词： [v.] discriminate, separate, single out, get, acquire, disunite, divide 解析： isolate: 侧重指完全分离、隔开，也指人或处于完全孤立的状态。 separate: 指一般意义上的分开或隔开。 segregate: 指把一群人或物从整体或主体中分离出来。 insulate: 指隔开、分离，尤指用某种东西阻挡从里面逃出或从外面进入的东西。作技术 用词时，专指用某种绝缘体隔断通路。 3：choose vt. 选择，决定 vi. 选择，挑选 时 态: chose chosen choosing, chooses 名 词: chooser 近义词： [v.] decide, make up one's mind, determine, evaluate, pass judgment, judge 解析： choose: 普通用词，侧重根据个人意愿和判断从众多的对象中进行选择，着重被选者的 优点。 select: 书面用词，具有庄严、正式的感情色彩。强调精选。 elect: 指按照一定的规章或法律，用投票等方式进行的认真慎重的选择。 pick: 口语用词，多指从个人角度仔细挑选，也含任意挑选之意。 prefer: 强调个人偏爱，不一定有选择的行动。 opt: 多指在几种可能性之间进行选择。 词组 | 习惯用语 choose from 挑选，从…中选择 as you choose 随你的便 choose to do 选择去做某事 cannot choose but 只得；只好；不得不 4： peace n. 和平；和睦；平静；秩序 词组｜习惯用语 in peace 和平地；安静，宁静；安祥地 peace officer n. 治安官（如警察，警官，保安员等） peace dividend 和平红利；和平股息 peace symbol 和平象征；和平标志 Peace Hotel 和平饭店 peace treaty 和平条约 peace talks 和谈 peace initiative 和平倡议，倡议和平；和平的开端 Peace Corps 美国和平部队 world peace 世界和平 5：move vt. & vi. 移动; 搬动 vi. 搬家, 迁移，进展, 前进, 展开 vt. 使感动, 激起，提议, 要求 n. 动, 移动，一步, 一着，行动, 行动步骤，迁移, 搬家 时 态: moved, moving, moves 近义词： [n.] decision, determination, conclusion, change, turn, play [v.] act, change, alter, vary, cause, do, make 反义词： [n.] stand still, stay, stick, stick around, stay put 解析： motion: 指不处于静止状态而在移动的过程中，强调运动本身，而不涉及其动因。 move: 着重开始的行动或变化。 movement 通常抽象地指有规则的动作或定向运动，特指政治性的运动。 词组 | 习惯用语 on the move 在活动中，在进行中；四处奔波 move on 往前走，前进；出发，离开 move in 生活于；周旋于；向内投 move forward 向前移动，提步向前；向前发展 move into 移入；迁入新居 move from 使从…中醒悟过来；从…搬走，离开… make a move 走一步；开始行动；搬家 move up 提升，上升；向前移动 move towards 走向，接近 move out 搬出；开始行动 move away 离开；搬走，移开 move around v. 走来走去；绕着……来回转 move away from 从…离开；抛弃 move back v. 退缩 move through 穿过 move about 走来走去；经常搬家 move ahead 前进；进行；进展 move out of 搬出；脱离；摆脱 first move 第一步；先走 move along 往里走；继续向前或后移动 6：share vt. 分享，分担；分配 vi. 分担；共享 n. 股份；份额 时 态: shared, sharing, shares 名 词: sharer 近义词： [n.] stock certificate, stock, assets, allotment, apportionment, apportioning, allocation [v.] overlap, use, utilize, utilise, apply, employ, get 词组 | 习惯用语 market share 市场占有率 share of …的份额；…的部份 share with 分与，分配；和…分享 share in 分享，分担 share price [经]股价 per share 每股 earnings per share 每股收益 share capital 股份资本，股本 fair share 公平分配；公平共享 lion's share 最大的份额；最佳份额 on shares 共同担负盈亏 share holding 股份持有 share out vt. 分配，均分 share transfer 股份转让；股权转让书 share index 股票指数 issued share 已发行股票；已发行股份 share of market 市场份额；市场占有率 share option 股份认购权（在一定时期内按预定价格买卖股票的权利） issued share capital 已发行股本 common share 普通股 7：recommend vt. 推荐, 介绍, 赞许某人[某事物]，劝告, 建议，(特质等)使…显得可取 时 态: recommended, recommending, recommends 形容词: recommendable 近义词： [v.] propose, suggest, advise, praise, change, alter, modify 词组 | 习惯用语 recommend for 推荐；由于…而称赞 8：agree 1. vt. 同意；赞成；承认 2. vi. 同意；意见一致 词组｜习惯用语 agreeing v. 同意（agree 的 ing 形式） agreeable adj. 令人愉快的；适合的；和蔼可亲的 agreement n. 协议；同意，一致 salvage agreement [法] 救助协定 confidential agreement 秘密协议；保密契约 financial agreement [金融] 金融协定 agree in 在…方面意见一致；在…相同 repurchase agreement 购回协议 concession agreement 特许协议；租界条约 basic agreement n. 基本协定，基础协议 9： suggest vt. 提议，建议；启发；使人想起 时 态: suggested, suggesting, suggests 近义词： [v.] declare, imply, convey, impart, inform, express, show 解析： hint: 指通过时间接而有提示性的话语或表情来暗示某事。 imply: 侧重指话语、行为或情景中的一种暗示，听者或读者必须加以逻辑推断才能领 会。 suggest: 指有意或无意的，直接或间接暗示，强调事物的表征等使人引起联想。 词组 | 习惯用语 suggest doing 建议做… 10：compare vt. 比较；对照；比喻为 vi. 相比；比较 n. 比较 时 态: compared, comparing, compares 名 词: comparer 近义词： [n.] likeness, alikeness, similitude [v.] analyze, analyse, study, examine, canvass, canvas, be 解析： compare: 侧重比较两个或更多东西的异同优劣，强调相同或类似之处。 compare: to 指两物有类似或相似之处，从而“把(一物)比作(另一物)。” compare: with 指“把……用……作比较”以便找出差异或好坏。 contrast: 指比较两个或更多东西之间的差异，侧重不同点。 词组 | 习惯用语 compare with 与…相比较 compare notes 交换意见 compare favourably with 比…毫不逊色，比得上 beyond compare adv. 非常好；无以伦比 11：particular 特别 词组｜习惯用语 particulars n. 细节；详情（particular 的复数） particularly adv. 异乎寻常地；特别是；明确地 particular adj. 特别的；详细的；独有的；挑剔的; n. 详细说明；个别项目; particular scale 局部比例尺 particular market [金融] 特定市场 particular case 特例；特定情况 particular about 过分讲究的；难以取悦的 particular form 特殊方式 particular specification 特别规格 in particular 尤其，特别 短语: Particularly 尤为; 格外; 特别地; particular taring 实际皮重 particular torts 特别民事侵权 particular callings 个别的呼召 see particularly 具体参见