高考英语二轮复习第5讲并列连词和三大从句课件

第5讲　并列连词和三大从句 当空格前后是两个并列成分, 如两个单词、短语或主谓结构完整的句子等, 而且并列成分相互之间存在并列、转折、选择、因果关系等时, 空格处一般填 并列连词。当空格后为句子, 而此句子又不与前面或后面的句子并列时, 一般 填从句连词, 即定语从句、名词性从句或状语从句的连词。 【技法1】当空格需要填并列连词时的解题技巧 1. 【解析】or。 考查并列连词。根据句意“他们把收藏品保存在家中直到收 藏数量过大或者直到他们去世”可知填入表示选择关系的并列连词。 2. 【解析】but。考查并列连词。分析句子结构并根据句意“我工作不是因为 我不得不工作, 而是因为我想工作”可知使用了并列结构“not. . . but. . . 不 是……而是……”。 【技法点金】 1. 牢记并列连词的基本含义 and表并列或顺承, but表转折, or表选择, so表因果, for表因为, while表对比且 含义为“而”。 2. 熟知常见的固定结构 并列关系 both. . . and. . . 两者都, not only. . . but (also). . . 不但……而且…… 选择关系 either. . . or. . . 或者……或者……, neither. . . nor. . . 既不……也不……, not. . . but. . . 不是…… 而是…… 特殊并列连词 when was / were doing . . . when. . . 正在做……, 突然…… was /were about to do . . . when. . . 正要做……, 突然…… had (just) done. . . when. . . 刚做完……, 突然…… 祈使句+and/or+陈述句 【易错警示】 混淆并列结构与定语从句 ①Life is full of various experiences and of ________some are unforgettable. ②(变式)Life is full of various experiences, of ________some are unforgettable. 答案: ①them　②which 【剖析】 　　题①中and连接两个并列句, 故填them; 题②中空格处是“of +which”引导 定语从句, 先行词是experiences。 【过关检测】 1. (2018·浙江11月高考)Small amounts of caffeine—a cup __ two of coffee a day—seem safe for most people. 2. (2020·沈阳一模)Shortages in supply have resulted in rising pork prices since the beginning of the year, ___ prices have started to decline recently due to increased production. 3. (2020·驻马店一模)Some English words changed in the US, whether in terms of spelling __ in terms of general usage. or but or 4. (2020·威海一模) We will be able to make the products we need in an efficient, responsible, ____ creative way. 5. (2020·蚌埠三模)We can’t solve all the problems of waste, _______ we can encourage mindfulness. and but/yet 【技法2】当空格需要填关系词时的解题技巧 1. 【解析】which/that。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, the British Museum后是定语从句, 从句中缺少主语, 指代先行词the British Museum, 应用 关系代词which/that。 2. 【解析】whose。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, artist后是定语从句, 从 句中缺少paintings的定语, 应用关系代词whose。 3. 【解析】where。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知, spot后是定语从句, 从句中 缺少地点状语, 应用关系副词where。 【技法点金】 1. 把握关系词选择技巧 2. as 和which的使用两注意 ※She has married again, as was expected. 正如预料的那样, 她又结婚了。 ※He broke the rules again, which was unexpected. 他又违规了, 这是意料之外的。 which as 位置 先行词后 句首、句中、句末 意思 这一点, 这, 这情况 正如……, 正像…… 3. “介词+关系代词”的使用三规则 构成 用法 介词(短语) +which/whom 介词提前时, 指物只能用which, 指人只能用whom 数词/形容词最高级/不定代词 +of+which/whom 表示部分与整体的关系 the+名词+of+which/whom 表示所属关系, 可转化为“whose+名词” 【易错警示】 混淆定语从句的先行词 ①We’ll reach the sales targets in a month ________we set at the beginning of the year. ②We’ll reach the sales targets in a month ________we will have a party for celebration. 答案: ①that/which　②when 【剖析】 　　题①中, 先行词为the sales targets, 从句中缺少set的宾语, 应用that或which 引导定语从句; 题②先行词为month, 从句中缺少时间状语, 应用when引导定语 从句。 【过关检测】 1. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ______ she opened with her late husband Les. 2. (2018·天津高考)Kate, ______ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. 3. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They were well trained by their masters ____ had great experience with caring for these animals. 4. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ) Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ___________showed a mere 5 to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. which whose who which / that 5. (2020·济宁模拟)According to the World Hunger Education Service, recently the percentage of people ________ cannot get enough food chronically(长期地) has reduced from 34% to 15%. 6. (2020·烟台模拟)The sensors, ______ are 50 times thinner than a human hair, can be put into a wearable device, such as a watch, to allow people and their doctors to check their health regularly. who/that which 【技法3】当空格需要填名词性从句引导词时的解题技巧 1. 【解析】what。考查名词性从句。介词on后是宾语从句, 从句中缺少主语, 应用what引导。 2. 【解析】where。考查名词性从句。句意: 简沿着绿树成荫的街道漫无目的 地走着, 根本不知道去往何方。根据句意和句子结构可知, 宾语从句中缺少表 示地点的连接词, 故填where。 3. 【解析】whether/if。考查名词性从句。句意: 她问我是否已经把书还给图书 馆了, 我承认我还没有。whether/if是否, 引导宾语从句。 【技法点金】 1.牢记连接词的基本用法 2. 把握what引导名词性从句的意义 表示“……的东西或事情”; 表示“……的样子或人”; 表示“……的数量或 数目”; 表示“……的时间”; 表示“……的地方”。 *A new building has been built in what used to be an old temple. 在过去是一座 古庙的地方建了一座新建筑。 【易错警示】 混淆名词性从句中的what和that ①______ is even amazing is “the Rain of West Lake”, which is artificially recreated to bring out the charm of West Lake in the rain. ②(变式)It is even amazing ______“the Rain of West Lake” is artificially recreated to bring out the charm of West Lake in the rain. 答案: ①What　②that 【剖析】 　　题①中主语从句中缺少主语, 故用连接代词, 指代所发生的事, 填What; 题 ②中it为形式主语, ______ “the Rain of West Lake” is artificially recreated to bring out the charm of West Lake in the rain为真正主语, 且从句中不缺少句子 成分, 故应用连接词that。 【过关检测】 1. (2018·北京高考)Without his support, we wouldn’t be ______we are now. 2. (2018·江苏高考)By boat is the only way to get here, which is ____we arrived. 3. (2020·烟台一模)Along with this, Max has traveled to Africa several times to donate equipment and coach the kids, developing Angels at Bat into _____it is today. 4. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ____one can be entirely free from dust. where how what that 【技法4 】当空格需要填从属连词时的解题技巧 1. 【解析】When/As。考查连词。这是一个主从复合句, 逗号前面是时间状语 从句, 句子大概意思是: 当他问村民的时候, 他们指向江边, 应该用When或As引 导。 2. 【解析】that。考查固定句式。此处为so. . . that. . . 表示“如此……以至 于……”, 引导结果状语从句。 【技法点金】 明晰常考的从属连词 (1)while/when/as/since引导时间状语从句; (2)before/after引导时间状语从句; (3)if/unless/once引导条件状语从句; (4)though/although引导让步状语从句; (5)in case 引导目的或条件状语从句; (6)where/when 引导地点、时间状语从句; (7)whether. . . or. . . 引导让步状语从句。 【点津】在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中, 一般来说, 从句是一般现在时, 主 句用一般将来时。 【易错警示】 混淆类似连词 ①She has watched TV for half an hour ______she reached home. ②(变式)She had a short rest and then watched TV______ she reached home. 答案: ①since　②after 【剖析】 　　题①中主句时态为现在完成时, 要与since引导的时间状语连用; 题②中主 句时态为一般过去时, 要与after引导的时间状语连用。 【过关检测】 1. (2020•浙江高考)Farming produced more food per person ____ hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. 2. (2018·天津高考)Let’s not pick these peaches_____ this weekend so that they get sweet enough to be eaten. 3. (2018·江苏高考)______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. 4. An interesting story will never fade from my memory ________________ I heard of it many years ago. than until Unless though / although 5. ______ you become queen of this country, you must rule it well, so that th e people will live happily. When 【小题夯基练】 单句语法填空 1. (2020·昆明三模)Up till now, the website has been continuously updated, ______ gives lovers of the ancient language from all over the world free access to browse (浏览)in their free time. 2. (2020·烟台一模)Then, inspired by his baseball coach, T. Williquette, and those ____ were active in charity, he decided to take action and help. 3. (2020·宁波模拟)There was no sign of rain, and the store was just around the corner, __ we went there without an umbrella. which who so 4. (2020·驻马店模拟)Then the term, “autumn”, ______ was referred to the season between summer and winter, lasted for a couple of centuries. 5. (2020·大连一模)_____ they found was that expressing and receiving appreciation increased happiness for both sides. 6. (2020·大庆三模)The work that APOPO does is really important in spreading the fact ____ rats are not just a pest. 7. Not _____ we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief. 8. There, the insect has natural enemies ______existence helps to keep the fall armyworm population at acceptable levels. which What that until whose 【大题提能练】 Ⅰ. 根据语境, 用适当的连词或关系词填空 The world is now fighting a war of a different kind. It’s against an unseen enemy, 1.______ has been named COVID-19 by the WHO. The virus causing this disease has spread widely 2. ____ quickly, leading to thousands of deaths. Scientists are creating vaccine(疫苗)to protect people against the virus. The Chinese people should be praised 3.________ they have made great contributions to the world. For the most part, they refused to panic. They’ve stayed home as much 4. __ possible, worn protective masks and washed their hands frequently and thoroughly. The government’s response has also been which and because as calm and effective. They’ve kept every one informed about 5. _____ has been happening, 6. ____ many angels in white came to the front to be reversers (逆 行者)7. ______ names will be remembered forever. The fight against the virus may continue for several more months 8. ___ it will eventually die out. 9. ______ the crisis fades, the world will learn cooperation and hope, not panic 10. __criticism, are the best way to face a common threat. what and whose but When or Ⅱ. 综合填空 Passage 1 (2020·青岛模拟) China has a very rich and brilliant tea culture. It is one of the most important parts of Chinese tradition. A small cup of tea contains the spirit and 1. __________(wise) of the Chinese people. It seems like the most 2. _________ (enjoy) thing to drink a cup of tea on a quiet day. Just like coffee, tea grown in different areas 3. __________ (have) different flavors. Some needs drinking with small and delicate tea cups, and some can 4. __________(drink) from a big bowl. Chinese people believe tea needs drinking quietly, 5. __________ many of the tea shops are located in a corner of a Hutong, providing customers 6. __________ a very quiet and comfortable environment—but the fast pace of life sometimes doesn’t allow that. So there are tea shop owners who, just 7. __________ Starbucks does, locate their shops in the downtown area to provide service for quick customers. Take Heytea as an example. It was just a small tea shop 8. __________ (locate) in a small lane in a small city of Guangdong Province in 2012. But in only 5 years, it 9. __________(expand) 83 stores over China, including big cities like Beijing. Waiting in lines for more than an hour fortheir tea is a common 10. __________(occur). 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国的茶文化。 1. 【解析】wisdom。考查名词。句意: 一小杯茶包含着中国人的精神和智慧。 wise在此处和spirit并列, 填名词形式, 故填wisdom。 2. 【解析】enjoyable。考查形容词。句意: 在安静的日子里喝杯茶似乎是最令 人愉快的事情。此处用形容词作thing的定语, 故填enjoyable。 3. 【解析】has。考查主谓一致。句意: 就像咖啡一样, 生长在不同地区的茶有 不同的口味。本句为一般现在时, 主语是tea为单数, 故填has。 4. 【解析】be drunk。考查被动语态。主语some和drink之间是被动关系, 放在 can后面, 故填be drunk。 5. 【解析】so。考查连词。句意: 中国人认为茶需要安静地喝, 因此许多茶叶 店都坐落在胡同的一个角落里。分析上下文可知, 前后为因果关系, 故填so。 6. 【解析】with。考查固定搭配。provide. . . with. . . , 为固定搭配, 为……提 供……, 故填with。 7. 【解析】as。考查固定搭配。just as. . . , 为固定搭配, 正如……, 故填as。 8. 【解析】located。考查非谓语动词。句意: 2012年, 它只是广东省一个小城 市的一个小巷子里的一家小茶馆。locate在此句中作a small tea shop的后置定 语, 两者之间是被动关系, 故填located。 9. 【解析】has expanded。考查动词时态。句意: 但在短短5年时间里, 它已经 在中国扩张了83家门店, 包括像北京这样的大城市。根据句意, 此处应用现在 完成时, 主语是it, 故填has expanded。 10. 【解析】occurrence。考查名词。句意: 排一个多小时的队买他们店的茶是 一种常见的现象。occur在此句中为名词作表语, 且common为形容词修饰名词。 故填occurrence。 Passage 2　　 Japan’s government has lowered the age at which people become adults. It is the first time since 1876 that this 1.　　　　　(happen).From the year 2022, teenagers will become adults at the age of 18,two years 2.　　　　　(early) than the age at which adulthood currently legally happens. However, even though the age has been lowered, there 3.　　　　　(be) still certain things that will not change. The new law will enable 18-year-olds to get married without parental 4.　　　　　(permit),and allow them to apply 5.　　　　　credit cards. 　　The new law has been passed in an effort 6.　　　　　(bring)about social and economic changes in Japan. The government hopes to see 7._________ increase in the number of young people getting married and starting 8. ______ (family). This will help deal with the nation’s decreasing birth rate and ageing population. Greater financial freedom could help promote the economy,which is vital for a government 9.　　　　　(struggle)to handle the increasing pension and healthcare payments. Many of Japan’s young people are more concerned about how the law will affect the traditional Coming of Age Day,a national holiday held in January 10.　　　　　 20-year-olds dress up in traditional kimonos(和服)to celebrate adulthood. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。 文章讲述了为了缓解人口老龄化问题,日本政 府已经降低了人们成年的年龄。 1.【解析】has happened。考查时态。句意:这是自1876年以来第一次发生。It is the first time that...为固定句型,意为“这是第一次做某事”,从句要用现在完 成时。主语是this ,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has happened。 2.【解析】earlier。考查形容词比较级。句意:从2022年开始,青少年的成年年龄 将在18岁,比目前法律规定的成年年龄提前两年。根据后面的than , 可知此处用 比较级。故填earlier。 3.【解析】are。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:然而,即使年龄降低了,仍然有一些 确定的事情是不会改变的。 此处陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语为things ,谓 语动词使用复数形式。故填are。 4.【解析】permission。考查名词。句意:新的法律将允许18岁的人在没有父母 允许的情况下结婚,并允许他们申请信用卡。该空作介词without的宾语,用名词, permission是不可数名词。 故填permission。 5.【解析】for。考查固定短语。句意:新的法律将允许18岁的人在没有父母允 许的情况下结婚,并允许他们申请信用卡。apply for为固定短语,意为“申请”。 故填for。 6.【解析】to bring。考查固定用法。句意:新法律的通过是为了给日本带来社 会和经济的变革。in an effort to do sth.为固定用法,意为“企图做某事”。故填 to bring。 7.【解析】an。考查冠词。句意:政府希望看到越来越多的年轻人结婚成家。 increase意为“增长” ,是可数名词,政府希望看到某方面数量的增长,是泛指的 概念,且increase发音以元音音素开头,需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 8.【解析】families。考查名词单复数。句意:政府希望看到越来越多的年轻人 结婚成家。family意为“家庭” ,是可数名词,此处表示泛指,且没有冠词修饰,需 用名词复数形式。故填families。 9.【解析】struggling。考查现在分词。句意:更大的财政自由将有助于促进经 济发展,而经济发展对于一个正在艰难应对不断增长的养老金和医疗支出的政 府来说至关重要。分析句子结构,定语从句中已有谓语动词is ,设空处需填非谓 语动词作定语, government和struggle为主谓关系,需用现在分词形式作后置定 语。故填struggling。 10.【解析】when。考查定语从句。句意:成年日是一月的全国性节日, 20岁的 年轻人会穿着传统和服庆祝成年。分析句子结构,设空处引导定语从句,先行词 是a national holiday,关系词在从句中作时间状语,需用关系副词when引导。故 填when。 【加固训练】 Passage 1 Generally we know a little about the western people and their ways of life. When the difference is 1. __________(wide)than our expectation, it becomes a cultural shock. Cultural 2. __________(shock)may come in different ways. Once my friend, 3. __________ businessman, after concluding the business with his suppliers in Hangzhou, 4. _________ (whisper)to me, “Do we have to dine(进餐)together with them?”I knew he was not sure of our dinner culture and reassured(使安 心)him, “Yes, if you wish, 5. _________ not necessary. ”He did choose to dine with the suppliers but I don’t think he enjoyed it. Hard as I tried 6. ________ (focus)the dialogue on my friend, the suppliers always talked to me, 7. _______ (leave)my friend seated there listening to a(n) 8. _______(relevant) conversation. People who are familiar 9. __________Chinese ways know Chinese people drink hot water, and always remind their friends not to drink 10. ________ (direct)when they receive a cup of water. I, too, don’t take any chance, either ask my clients whether they need chilled water or normal or remind them the water might be hot. China is an open country now and the cultural exchange has been quite frequent over the last 30 years. Such cultural shocks are less and less shocking. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了中西方的文化冲突。 1. 【解析】wider。考查比较级。根据than可知, 此处应用比较级。 2. 【解析】shocks。考查名词复数。泛指各种各样的文化冲击, 应用复数。 3. 【解析】a。考查冠词。泛指一个商人, 应用不定冠词a。 4. 【解析】whispered。考查时态。根据时间状语Once可知, 应用一般过去时。 5. 【解析】but。考查连词。上下文之间是转折关系, 应用but。 6. 【解析】to focus。考查非谓语动词。try to do sth. 试图做某事。 7. 【解析】leaving。考查非谓语动词。此处表示意料之中的结果, 应用现在分 词。 8. 【解析】irrelevant。考查词性转换。听无关的谈话, 应用irrelevant。 9. 【解析】with。考查介词。be familiar with意为“熟悉……”。 10. 【解析】directly。考查词性转换。修饰动词drink, 应用副词。 Passage 2 (2020·成都一模) As the effects of global warming, rising seas and natural disasters 1. __________ (gradual) become obvious, some local communities are taking action. Among them 2. ________(be) one community in Florida where local people and government officials are proving 3. __________ (success) in protecting coastal cities from the dangers of rising sea levels. The community has studied 4. __________ much sea levels will rise and has suggested ways to address the problem. It has persuaded the state government to ban new developments on land near the coastline and recommended 5. __________ (build) sand dunes (沙丘) along beaches. Kristin Jacobs, one of the group’s founders, 6. __________ (decide) to take action in 2008 after it became clear that her state’s 27 water authorities couldn’t agree on joint (联合 的) action. While some Florida government officials are skeptical 7. ________the effects of climate change and the causes of environmental damage, the people living in these locations are certain of the need 8. __________ (protect) their communities. At present, coming up with ways to fight against the effects of climate change under a 9. __________(limit) budget is a pressing concern. Only time will tell whether these coastal communities will succeed in 10. __________ end, but for now, quick thinking by local citizens is helping to secure the future. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了全球变暖对海平面的影响。 1. 【解析】gradually。考查词性转换。修饰动词, 应用副词。 2. 【解析】is。考查时态和主谓一致。由上下文可知此处应用一般现在时, 且 本句是倒装句, be动词的形式要根据后 　面的主语one community来确定, 应用第三人称单数形式。 3. 【解析】successful。考查词性转换。prove为系动词, 其后应跟形容词作表 语。 4. 【解析】how。考查名词性从句。设空处引导宾语从句, 意为“海平面会上 升多少”, 应用how。 5. 【解析】building。考查非谓语动词。当recommend意为“建议”时, 其后 可跟动词-ing形式或用于recommend sb. to do sth. 结构。 6. 【解析】decided。考查时态。由“in 2008”可知, 此处所表示的动作发生在 过去, 应用一般过去时。 7. 【解析】about/of。考查介词。be skeptical about/of意为“对……表示怀 疑”, 固定搭配。 8. 【解析】to protect。考查非谓语动词。need作名词时, 其后常跟不定式作后 置定语, 意为“……的需要”。 9. 【解析】limited。考查词性转换。修饰名词budget, 应用形容词修饰。 10. 【解析】the。考查冠词。in the end意为“最后, 终于”, 固定搭配。 专题能力提升练 二十三 限时25分钟 Passage 1 (2020·青岛高三期末) As is known to all, a positive parent-child relationship is 1. __________ (benefit) to the physical and mental 2. __________(grow) of children, but keeping a healthy parent-child bond 3. __________(need) the efforts of both parties. 专题能力提升练 Parents should take the responsibility 4. __________(improve) their relationship with the children. What matters is spending quality time with their children, 5. __________ tight their schedule is. For instance, they can eat 6. __________(meal) together, go to sporting events together or watch their children’s favorite TV shows together, 7. __________ can contribute greatly to making their children feel safe and 8. __________(love). Children, on the other hand, should let their parents know they appreciate what their parents 9. __________(do) for them. If possible, they can give their parents a gift on a special day or help with housework 10. __________ a regular basis. No healthy parent-child relationship is without conflict. But as long as parents and children make a joint effort, they can settle the conflict and enjoy their time together. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了如何维持健康的亲子关系。 1. 【解析】beneficial。考查形容词。句意: 众所周知, 积极的亲子关系有利于 儿童的身心成长, 但是保持亲子关系健康需要双方共同努力。be beneficial to 固定短语, “对……有益”, 故填 beneficial 。 2. 【解析】growth。考查名词。形容词修饰名词, 故填 growth 。 3. 【解析】needs。考查主谓一致。keeping a healthy parent-child bond是动名 词短语, 作主语, 谓语动词用单数, 故填needs。 4. 【解析】to improve。考查非谓语动词。句意: 父母应该担负起改善与子女 关系的责任。此处不定式作定语, 故填 to improve 。 5. 【解析】however。考查副词。句意: 重要的是与孩子共度美好时光, 不管他 们的日程安排多么紧张。此处是however引导的让步状语从句, 故填 however 。 6. 【解析】meals。考查名词。句意: 例如, 他们可以一起吃饭, 一起参加体育 赛事, 或者一起看孩子们最喜欢的电视节目, 这使他们的孩子感到安全和被爱。 meal是可数名词, 故填meals。 7. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处是一个非限制性定语从句, 从句缺少 主语, 因此用关系代词which , 故填which。 8. 【解析】loved。考查非谓语动词。句意: 这使他们的孩子感到安全和被爱。 此处过去分词作表语, 故填loved。 9. 【解析】have done。考查时态。句意: 另一方面, 孩子们应该让父母知道他 们很感激父母为他们所做的一切。根据句意可知, 谓语动词用现在完成时, 故 填have done 。 10. 【解析】on。考查介词。句意: 如果可能的话, 他们可以在特殊的日子送给 父母礼物, 也可以定期帮父母做家务。on a regular basis固定短语, “经常地, 有 规律地”, 故填on。 Passage 2 (2020·哈尔滨一模) Isabel Crook has been awarded the Friendship Medal for her great contributions to supporting China’s socialist modernization, promoting exchanges and cooperation between China and foreign countries, and safeguarding world peace. Born in Chengdu, Sichuan Province to a Canadian missionary(传教士) family in 1915, Isabel Crook came into the world during a time 1. _____ the first World War was underway in Europe and China’s last emperor Puyi was living in the Forbidden City after being forced 2. __________ (step) down from the emperor’s chair three years earlier. While Crook’s parents were busy 3. _____ (set) up schools in China, Crook 4. _____(her) was more interested in many ethnic 5. _____ (minor) in China. As a foreign girl, she had every reason to be curious 6. _____ what was going on around her. At the age of 23, Crook graduated from a Canadian college with 7. _____ master’s degree and began carrying out field research in Sichuan Province. In 1947, Crook and her journalist husband 8. _____(welcome) by the Communist Party of China to study the revolutionary land reform taking place in China. Eager to be part of the revolution after completing their study of the land reform, the couple accepted an invitation from CPC leaders to teach at a 9. __________ (new) established foreign affairs school in 1948. As a teacher she 10. _____(lay) the foundation for foreign language education in China in the 20th century. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了在支持中国社会主义现代化建设、促进中外交 流与合作、维护世界和平等方面作出了巨大贡献的Isabel Crook女士。 1. 【解析】when。考查定语从句。when引导定语从句, 修饰先行词time; 从句 中缺少时间状语, 应用when引导。 2. 【解析】to step。考查非谓语动词。be forced to do sth. 意为“被迫做某 事”, 固定搭配。 3. 【解析】setting。考查非谓语动词。be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”, 固定搭配。 4. 【解析】herself。考查词性转换。herself作主语Crook的同位语。 5. 【解析】minorities。考查词性转换。形容词ethnic修饰名词, 且根据many可 知, 此处应用名词复数。 6. 【解析】about。考查介词。be curious about 意为“对……好奇”, 固定搭 配。 7. 【解析】a。考查冠词。泛指一个硕士学位, 应用不定冠词a。 8. 【解析】were welcomed。考查时态和语态。welcome和主语Crook and her journalist husband之间是被动关系, 且发生在过去的动作, 应用一般过去时的 被动语态。 9. 【解析】newly。考查词性转换。修饰动词established, 应用副词。 10. 【解析】laid。考查时态。谓语动词lay发生在过去, 应用一般过去时。 Passage 3 (2020·重庆二模) The International Olympic Committee took the extraordinary step Tuesday of 1. __________(postpone) the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games, which 2. __________(schedule) to start on July 24, because of the COVID-19 outbreak. Just how extraordinary was the step? This marks the 3. (four) time since the first modern Olympics in 1896 that the Games have been affected 4. __________outside forces. The other three occasions were cancellations during the first and second World Wars. So this is the first time the Olympics have been postponed, rather than 5. ________(cancel). “The Tokyo Olympics will still be held, ” Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe told reporters in Tokyo after a call with International Olympic Committee President Thomas Bach on 6. ________ matter. The IOC later said in a 7. __________(state) that the Games will be “rescheduled to a date beyond 2020 but not 8. __________(late) than 2021”! This time around, it’s a pandemic(疫情), not a war, 9. ______ is changing the Olympics schedule. The IOC said that “The leaders agreed that the Olympic Games in Tokyo could stand as a beacon of hope to the world during these times and that the Olympic flame could become the light at the end of the tunnel in which the world finds 10. ______ (it) at present. ” 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了因为疫情, 2020年的东京奥运会被推迟。 1. 【解析】postponing。考查词性转换。介词of后应用动名词作宾语。 2. 【解析】were scheduled。考查时态和语态。which指代前面的the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games, 和谓语动词schedule之间是被动关系, 且发生在过去, 应用一般过去时的被动语态。 3. 【解析】fourth。考查序数词 。表示第四次。 4. 【解析】by。考查介词。表示被动应用by连接。 5. 【解析】canceled/cancelled。考查非谓语动词。rather than连接并列结构, 根据postponed可知, 应用过去分词。 6. 【解析】the。考查冠词。这里是特指这件事情, 用定冠词the。 7. 【解析】statement。考查词性转换。句意: 国际奥委会随后在一份声明中说 道…… 8. 【解析】later。考查比较级。根据than可知, 应用比较级。 9. 【解析】that。考查强调句。此处为强调句, 强调的是主语。 【规律方法】判断强调句的方法 把It is / was . . . that去掉, 重新排列一下句子, 如果句子仍然完整, 则为强调句, 反之, 则不是强调句, 那么关系词不一定是that, 需要根据情况去选择合适的引 导词。 10. 【解析】itself。考查词性转换。finds的宾语和主语指代同一事物, 应用反 身代词作其宾语。 专题能力提升练 二十四 限时25分钟 Passage 1 (2020·山师大附中模拟) Qiang Shuping was so busy making cloth shoes 1. __________ she didn’t even rest during the Dragon Boat Festival holiday. The woman from Baipu County, Jiangsu Province, 2. __________(make) shoes since she was 19 years old, and this year marks her 31st year making cloth shoes. She spends the entire day in her tiny studio, which measures less than 10 square meters altogether, filled with cloth shoes in 3. __________(variety) stages of completion. Nowadays, many stores make cloth shoes 4. __________(use) machines, but Qiang sticks to the technique of making shoes entirely 5. __________ hand. She says the shoes 6. __________(produce) by machine are not of the same quality as handmade ones. The handmade cloth shoes are more durable (耐用 的) and comfortable, 7. __________(soft), and absorb sweat better. Some people buy cloth shoes out of nostalgia (怀旧), while 8. __________ trust their quality. Making shoes isn’t 9. __________ profitable job, but Qiang still insists as she wants to preserve the craft and pass it down to the younger generation. Handmade cloth shoes are also called qian ceng di (shoes with a thousand layers), 10. __________ can date back to the ancient Zhou Dynasty. In 2009, the making technique of qian ceng di was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。介绍了强淑萍坚持手工做布鞋, 并介绍了布鞋 的特点和历史。 1. 【解析】that。考查状语从句。句意: 强淑萍如此忙于制作布鞋以至于端午 节假期都没休息。so. . . that. . . “如此……以至于……”是固定句型, 故填that。 2. 【解析】has made/has been making。考查动词时态和主谓一致。据句子主 语“The woman”可知, 谓语动词应用第三人称单数。根据时间状语“since she was 19 years old”可知, 此处可用现在完成进行时表示“做鞋”这一动作始于 过去, 并持续到现在, 且现在还在进行; 此处也可用现在完成时表示从过去一直 持续到现在的动作。故填has made/has been making。 3. 【解析】various。考查形容词。形容词作定语修饰名词stages, 故填various。 4. 【解析】using。考查非谓语动词。(use) machines作状语, use与其逻辑主语 stores之间是主动关系, 现在分词作状语表示主动关系, 故填using。 5. 【解析】by。考查固定短语。句意: 但是强淑萍坚持完全用手工做鞋。by hand“用手工”是常用词组, 故填by。 6. 【解析】produced。考查非谓语动词用法。(produce) by machine作定语修 饰shoes, shoes与produce之间是被动关系, 过去分词作定语表示被动关系, 故填 produced。 7. 【解析】softer。考查形容词。句意: 手工制作的布鞋比较耐用和舒适, 更柔 软, 更吸汗。and连接并列成分, 此处连接作表语的比较级, 故填softer。 8. 【解析】others。考查代词。句意: 有些人买布鞋是出于怀旧, 而另一些人则 相信它们的质量。句中some. . . others“一些人……另一些人”, 是常用表达, 根 据语境可知, 故填others。 9. 【解析】a。考查冠词。不定冠词在句中泛指一份工作, 空白处后面的形容 词profitable, 首字母发音是辅音音素, 故填a。 10. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。句中can date back to作定语修饰qian ceng di, 从句中作主语, 指物, 引导非限制性定语从句用关系代词which, 故填 which。 Passage 2 (2020·西安二模) Mask-Wearing, Common in Asia, Spreads in the West PARIS — Until a few weeks ago, Asian tourists were 1. _________only mask wearers in Paris, 2. __________ (cause) puzzlement or suspicion from French locals or even hostility as the 2019-nCoV began sweeping across Europe. Four days into a national lockdown to stem(阻止) the outbreak, the French government spokeswoman, Sibeth Ndiaye, warned that face masks were so 3. __________(familiar) that wearing them was too difficult technically and could even be “counterproductive (适得其反)”. Even Thursday morning, when 4. __________ (ask) whether she wore a mask or made her children wear one, she said, “Oh, no, not at all. ” This taboo(禁忌) is falling fast, not only in France but across Western countries, after increasing 5. __________(cry) from experts who say the practice is effective in curbing the 2019-nCoV pandemic. The shift for Western nations is profound and has had to overcome not merely the logistical challenges of securing enough masks, which are significant enough, but also a deep 6. _________(culture) resistance and even stigma (污名) associated with mask-wearing, 7. __________ some Western leaders described flatly as “alien”. 8. __________ (seem), it won’t be for much longer. After discouraging people from wearing face masks, France, like the United States, has begun urging its citizens 9. __________ (wear) basic or homemade ones outside. And some parts of Europe are moving faster than the United States by requiring masks instead 10. __________ simply recommending their use. 【文章大意】口罩禁忌正在迅速消失, 不仅是在法国, 在西方许多国家都是如 此。 1. 【解析】the。考查冠词。特指“唯一的一批戴口罩的人”, 应用定冠词the。 2. 【解析】causing。考查非谓语动词。表示意料之内的结果, 应用现在分词。 3. 【解析】unfamiliar。考查词性转换。根据下文可知, 应是不熟悉口罩, 应用 反义词。 4. 【解析】asked。考查非谓语动词。ask和逻辑主语she之间是被动关系, 应用 过去分词。 5. 【解析】cries。考查名词复数。根据increasing和from experts可知, 此处指 多个呼吁, 应用复数。 6. 【解析】cultural。考查词性转换。修饰名词resistance, 应用形容词。 7. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词 mask-wearing, 从句中缺少described的宾语, 应用which引导。 8. 【解析】Seemingly。考查词性转换。修饰整个句子, 应用副词。 9. 【解析】to wear。考查非谓语动词。urge sb. to do sth. 力劝某人做某事, 应 用不定式作宾语补足语。 10. 【解析】of。考查介词。instead of代替……, 固定搭配。 Passage 3 (2020·兰州二模) Wearing hanfu, 1. ________ traditional clothing of the Han ethnic group, has experienced a fashion revival(复兴) among young Chinese people in recent years, with more than 2 million 2. ________(consumer) of the domestic hanfu market, 3. ________ is worth around 1. 09 billion yuan, CCTV reported. As the number of people 4. ________(adopt) the ancient style of dress in modern times is expected 5. ________(grow), stores involved in the renting of hanfu are being set up across China. From April to August last year, the number of stores for renting hanfu in Beijing 6. ________(rise) to more than 20 from the original four. The hanfu market has experienced a boom in both high-end customized clothing brands and more 7. ________(afford) options. Statistics coming 8. ________ a domestic e-commerce(国内电商) platform showed that hanfu priced at 100—300 yuan took more than 60 percent market share last year, while those priced over 500 yuan accounted for more than 30 percent. Last year, there were more than 2 million 9. ________(extreme) keen admirers of hanfu in China, according to a report by HanFu Information, a piece of data 10. ________(provide) for the platform. The average age of the admirers is 21, and some 88 percent of them are female. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了汉服在年轻人中的兴起现象及其发展趋势。 1. 【解析】the。考查冠词。特指汉代传统服饰, 应用定冠词。 2. 【解析】consumers。考查名词的复数。根据more than 2 million可知, 此处 应用复数。 3. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文, 且从 句中缺少主语, 应用关系代词which。 4. 【解析】adopting。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知adopt在句中应用 非谓语动词形式, 且与people之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词形式。 5. 【解析】to grow。考查非谓语动词。be expected to do sth. 表示“被期望做 某事”, 后跟不定式。 6. 【解析】rose。考查时态。rise在句中作谓语, 且根据前文last year可知应用 一般过去时。 7. 【解析】affordable。考查词性转换。修饰名词options应用形容词。 8. 【解析】from。考查介词。短语come from表示“来自”。 9. 【解析】extremely。考查词性转换。修饰形容词keen应用副词。 10. 【解析】provided。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知provide在句中是 非谓语动词, 与逻辑主语data之间是被动关系, 应用过去分词。 专题能力提升练 二十五 限时25分钟 Passage 1 (2020·淄博一模) The Beijing Daxing International Airport (BDIA) was 1. __________ (formal) opened on Sept. 25, 2019. Located around 46 km south of Tian’anmen Square, it was designed by famed architect Zaha Hadid. BDIA was listed 2. __________ the first of the “seven wonders of the modern world near completion” by the Guardian in 2015. The new airport complex, consisting of a main terminal, a supporting service building and a parking lot, 3. __________(cover) an area of about 1. 4 million square metres. The starfish design is extremely space efficient, with 4. __________ journey of just 600 metres from security to the furthest gate. 5. __________ could be the most expected innovation at BDIA is its artificial intelligence. The airport 6. __________(set) up more than 400 self-service check-in machines already, which can 7. __________(short) passengers’ waiting time to about 10 minutes. Travelers can be scanned on cameras 8. __________(use) facial recognition. Counters can be fully automated to capture (抓拍) face photos and relay 9. __________(they) during each part of the journey through the airport, including security and the departure gate. The Daxing airport—said to be the world’s largest terminal in a single building—is expected 10. __________(receive) nearly 170 million passengers by 2025. It will become a new transport hub for the greater Beijing region. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京大兴国际机场的开幕以 及里面的科技设备——面部识别等信息。 1. 【解析】formally。考查副词。根据后面的动词“opened”可知, 此处应用副 词修饰动词opened。故填formally。 2. 【解析】as。考查介词。be listed as是固定短语, 意为“被列为, 被记录为”。 故填as。 3. 【解析】covers。考查动词和主谓一致。分析句子可知, 前面有非谓语动词 consisting, 该句缺少谓语动词, 且主语“The new airport complex”是单数, 所以 此处应用covers。故填covers。 4. 【解析】a。考查冠词。分析句子可知, 此处泛指“一次旅程”, 且journey的 读音是以辅音音素开头, 所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 5. 【解析】What。考查主语从句。分析句子可知, 该句中谓语动词is前面的是 主语, 所以空处引导主语从句, 且在从句中作主语, 所以应用what引导。故填 What。 6. 【解析】has set。考查时态。already是现在完成时的标志, 表明某件事情已 经完成, 所以此处应用现在完成时。故填has set。 7. 【解析】shorten。考查动词。助动词can后接动词原形, 所以此处应用short 的动词形式shorten。故填shorten。 8. 【解析】using。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 此处应用非谓语动词, 动词use与其逻辑主语travelers之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词。故填using。 9. 【解析】them。考查代词。动词relay后接代词的宾格形式, 所以此处用 them。故填them。 10. 【解析】to receive。考查动词不定式。expect to do sth. 是固定搭配, 意为 “期望做某事”。故填to receive。 Passage 2 The wildfires in Australia became considerably worse in January, 2020. The disaster faced by 1. _____ country is far from over. Many of the fires 2. __________(send) smoke high into the atmosphere and some smoke turned into cumulonimbus clouds(积雨云). The clouds can help a fire draw in more air and shift surface winds, 3. _____ (result) in fire tornadoes(龙卷风). Fires have destroyed habitats for animals that 4. _____ (find) only in Australia, including koalas and rare birds. It will take time to fully know how much harm the fires have done 5. _____ wildlife. The wildfires are expected 6. _____ (continue) burning for months as Australia entered its dry season. This past year, 2019, is the hottest and driest year on record. Fires happen 7. __________(regular) during the Australian dry season. However, climate and natural changes are making the situation 8. __________ (bad). At least 12 million acres have been burned so far in Victoria and New South Wales alone. Smoke from the fires has made 9. __________to South America. There is so much smoke that it may stay in the air for months 10. __________ could have an effect on the planet’s climate. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了2020年1月的澳大利亚森林大火对澳大利亚的破 坏和影响。 1. 【解析】the。考查冠词。country为可数名词, 此处特指上文Australia, 应用 定冠词。 2. 【解析】sent。考查时态。根据后文and some smoke turned into cumulonimbus clouds可知, 此处应用一般过去时。 3. 【解析】resulting。考查非谓语动词。result与逻辑主语clouds之间是主动 关系, 应用现在分词形式。 4. 【解析】are found。考查时态和语态。find和主语animals之间是被动关系, 且描述客观事实, 应用一般现在时的被动语态。 5. 【解析】to。考查介词。此处是do harm to, 意为“对……有害”, 是固定搭 配。 6. 【解析】to continue。考查非谓语动词。be expected to do sth. 意为“预计 做某事”, 后跟不定式。 7. 【解析】regularly。考查词性转换。修饰动词happen, 应用副词。 8. 【解析】worse。考查比较级。根据语境, 此处表示“更糟”, 应用比较级形 式。 9. 【解析】it。考查代词。make it to表示到达。 10. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句, 修饰整个句子, 且从句中缺少主语, 应用关系代词which。 Passage 3 (2020·烟台二模) People of all ages are concerned about the spread of the 2019-nCoV, and teenagers, as a group, tend to experience intense fearfulness. Accordingly, their growing anxiety should be taken into 1. __________ (consider) seriously. Adults can help by making sure teens don’t overestimate the dangers 2. __________ underestimate their ability to protect themselves. Anxiety can be 3. __________ (health). But not all teens know that it typically acts 4. ________ a useful and protective emotion. Adults can encourage teenagers to channel their discomfort into useful action, such as learning about and following the 5. __________ (recommend) health guidelines. We can also remind teenagers that we wash our hands and follow other health recommendations not only 6. ________ (protect) ourselves, but also to help to ease the stress. Adults can note that 7. ________ (make) personal sacrifices(牺牲)—such as postponing a vacation or staying home if we’re not feeling well—helps to reduce the chance of carrying illness into our own communities. Teenagers who are feeling 8. __________ (high) anxious about COVID-19 should 9. ________(encourage) to take a break from seeking, or even accidentally encountering, information about the virus. 10. __________ we can do is to encourage finding distractions, such as doing their homework or watching a favorite show, to protect them from noticing the increasing virus figures. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了如何处理青少年因疫情带来的焦虑。 1. 【解析】consideration。考查词性转换。介词into后应用名词。take sth. into consideration意为“把某事考虑进去”。 2. 【解析】or。考查连词。否定句中用or表示并列。 3. 【解析】healthy。考查词性转换。作系动词be的表语, 应用形容词。 4. 【解析】as。考查介词。act as意为“担当”, 是固定搭配。 5. 【解析】recommended。考查非谓语动词。recommend和health guidelines 之间是被动关系, 应用过去分词作定语。 6. 【解析】to protect。考查非谓语动词。不定式表示目的。 7. 【解析】making。考查非谓语动词。动名词短语作主语。 8. 【解析】highly。考查词性转换。修饰形容词anxious, 应用副词。 9. 【解析】be encouraged。考查语态。encourage和主语Teenagers之间是被 动关系, 应用被动语态。 10. 【解析】What。考查名词性从句。What we can do是主语从句, 从句中缺 少do的宾语, 应用what引导。 专题能力提升练 二十六 限时25分钟 Passage 1 (2020·聊城二模) Most Chinese people are familiar with shadow puppetry (皮影戏). Thinking about shadow puppetry, they are reminded of their experience of watching shadow plays in some temple fairs 1. ____ they were little. But now, one can enjoy a whole shadow show just by 2. __________ (put) on a Virtual Reality (VR) headset. “We’ve been looking for a connection between traditional art and modern technology, ” said the VR game 3. ____(design) Zhang Qing. Shadow puppetry is a Chinese folk art 4. ____ (know) for its unique storytelling techniques, 5. ____ dates from 2, 000 years ago. However, since films and TV series 6. ____ (be) major entertainment options nowadays, shadow plays are in decline. To revive the ancient art via VR, Zhang visited puppeteers at Houma city in north China’s Shanxi Province where shadow puppetry once 7. ________ (boom). A puppeteer Zhu Chao said that he only gets to perform five or six times a year and the art is far 8. ____ its peak. Zhu hopes that the combination with new technology VR can attract 9. (many) young people and pass down this ancient art as it is 10. __________ (gradual) fading away. Zhang said. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了皮影戏与VR技术相结合。 1. 【解析】when。考查连词。when引导时间状语从句。 2. 【解析】putting。考查非谓语动词。by doing sth. 通过做某事, 介词by后应 用动名词。 3. 【解析】designer。考查词性转换。Zhang Qing是设计师。 4. 【解析】known。考查非谓语动词。know和逻辑主语art之间是被动关系, 应用过去分词作定语。 5. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。which 引导非限制性定语从句, 从句中缺少 主语, 先行词指物, 应用which引导。 6. 【解析】are。考查主谓一致。since引导的原因状语从句中, be作谓语, 且表 述的是现在的事实, 应用一般现在时, 主语films and TV series是复数, 谓语动词 应用复数。 7. 【解析】boomed。考查时态。根据once可知, where引导的定语从句的谓语 动词应用一般过去时。 8. 【解析】from。考查介词。far from意为“远非……”。 9. 【解析】more。考查比较级。此处指借用现代科技, 可以让更多年轻人了解 并喜欢上这门传统非遗技艺, 应用比较级。 10. 【解析】gradually。考查词性转换。修饰动词fading, 应用副词。 【知识拓展】皮影戏 　　皮影戏(Shadow Puppetry), 又称“影子戏”或“灯影戏”, 是一种用以兽 皮或纸板做成的人物剪影来表演故事的民间戏剧。表演时, 艺人们在白色幕布 后面, 一边操纵影人, 一边用当地流行的曲调讲述故事, 同时配以打击乐器和弦 乐, 有浓厚的乡土气息。其流行范围极为广泛, 并因各地所演的声腔不同而形 成多种多样的皮影戏。皮影戏是中国民间古老的传统艺术, 老北京人都叫它 “驴皮影”。据史书记载, 皮影戏始于西汉, 兴于唐朝, 盛于清代, 元代时期传 至西亚和欧洲, 可谓历史悠久, 源远流长。 Passage 2 (2020·模拟) Tang Tianyuan from Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region was viewed as a lucky dog, for he succeeded 1. __________ building a business based on a passion. Tang, 2. __________ majored in ceramics (制陶艺术)and decorative sculpture design at college, set up a workshop after his studies to make Ningxi pottery, which is considered one of the top four 3. __________(variety) of pottery in China. 4. __________(initial), the pottery business was hard, as he had to make pottery himself while also 5. __________(take) care of management and sales. But the past five years of effort have earned him many more orders, 6. __________(compare) to none at the very beginning. Up to now, 7. __________ 28-year-old has been engaged in making Ningxi pottery for nine years, and the most impressive thing for Tang is the happiness he 8. __________(achieve). He said that 9. __________ was worthwhile starting a business based on his own interest that could support himself as well as gain public 10. ________ (recognize). 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一名把制作宁溪陶艺作为自 己事业的大学毕业生——唐天元。虽然创业的道路很艰苦, 但他因为在此过程 中的收获而感到幸福。 1. 【解析】in。考查介词。此处是固定短语succeed in doing sth. “成功做某 事”, 故填in。 2. 【解析】who。考查定语从句。分析句子可知, 此处是非限制性定语从句的 关系词, 先行词Tang在从句中充当主语, 指人, 应用关系代词who, 故填who。 3. 【解析】varieties。考查名词的数。variety“种类”是可数名词, 根据four判 断此处用该词的复数形式, 故填varieties。 4. 【解析】Initially。考查副词。分析句子可知, 此处应用副词作状语修饰后 面整个句子, 故填Initially。 5. 【解析】taking。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知, 此处应用非谓语动词和 while一起构成时间状语, 逻辑主语he和take之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词, 故 填taking。 6. 【解析】compared。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知, 此处应用非谓语动词 作状语, 逻辑主语orders和compare之间是被动关系, 应用过去分词, 故填 compared。 7. 【解析】the。考查冠词。句意: 到目前为止, 这个28岁的年轻人已经从事制 作宁溪陶艺九年了, 令他印象最深刻的事是他所获得的幸福。根据句意可知, 此处特指Tang Tianyuan这个28岁的年轻人, 应用定冠词, 故填the。 8. 【解析】has achieved。考查时态。分析句子可知, 此处是定语从句的谓语 动词, 根据句意和语境判断此处是现在完成时, 主语he是第三人称单数, 应用 has done形式, 故填has achieved。 9. 【解析】it。考查代词。句意: 他说把事业建立在能够养活自己并获得公众 的认可的兴趣上是值得的。根据句意和句子结构可知, 此处应填代词it作为形 式主语, 真正的主语是后面的动名词短语。故填it。 10. 【解析】recognition。考查名词。分析句子可知, 此处应填名词作为动词 gain的宾语, “认可”是抽象名词, 不可数, 故填recognition。 Passage 3 (2020·许昌二模) In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, Nanhu Lake was a scenic wonderland in Yunnan Province. In order to get an 1. __________(office) rank, a scholar named Yang studied hard on an island in the middle of the lake, with one stone bridge linked to the bank. His wife sent 2. _____ (meal) to him every day. She usually made chicken soup with some rice noodles, meat and vegetables. Because of the great distance, when she got there, the food 3. _____ (become)cold and unappetizing. One day, she cooked the food in a heated earthen pot. And she was so surprised 4. _____ (find) that the food was still hot when she got to the island. After 5. _____ careful study, she found two secrets: there was thick chicken oil on the surface of the soup and the earthen pot did not 6. __________(ready) conduct heat. As a result, the heat of the soup 7. _____ (preserve) well. Since then, the scholar became 8. __________ (healthy)and more hardworking. Finally he succeeded in a government examination. He treated his fellow scholars 9. _____the rice noodles with chicken soup. They praised it repeatedly and asked 10. _____ the splendid meal was. Thinking of the stone bridge she crossed every day, the wife blurted out (脱口而出) “crossing-over bridge rice noodles”. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了过桥米线的由来。 1. 【解析】official。考查词性转换。修饰名词rank, 应用形容词。 2. 【解析】meals。考查名词复数。根据常识可知, 送的饭菜不止一次, 应用复 数。 3. 【解析】became。考查时态。讲述的是过去的事情, 应用一般过去时。 4. 【解析】to find。考查非谓语动词。表示喜怒哀乐的形容词后应用不定式作 原因状语。 5. 【解析】a。考查冠词。此处泛指一次研究, 应用不定冠词。 6. 【解析】readily。考查词性转换。修饰动词conduct, 应用副词。 7. 【解析】was preserved。考查时态和语态。preserve和主语the heat之间是 被动关系, 且发生在过去, 应用一般过去时的被动语态。 8. 【解析】 healthier。考查比较级。根据more hardworking可知, 应用比较级。 9. 【解析】to。考查介词。treat sb. to sth. 意为“招待某人吃(喝、玩等)”, 是 固定搭配。 10. 【解析】what。考查名词性从句。asked后是宾语从句, 从句中缺少was的 表语, 应用what引导。