2021届高考英语核心词扩展与辨析（三十九）

2021 高考英语核心词扩展与辨析（三十九） 一：词汇识记 1. other /ˈʌðə(r)/ a. 其他的，另外的；pron. 另外一个 拓展 each other 互相地 every other 每隔……·，所有其他…… one after the other（another）一个一个地，相继地 other than(多用于否定句)除……外，不同于 the other world 来世，他世 otherwise ad. 另外，别样；conj. 否则，不然 例句 ①Susie is here，but the other girls are still out in the playground. 苏西在这里，但其他女孩都在外面运动场上。 ②Seize the chance，otherwise you will regret it． 抓住机会，要不然你会后悔的。 串记 One of the secretaries gave some employees moon cakes and then give others flowers as gifts, while other than the former one, another secretary gave the all employees a book as a gift of Middle-AutumnDay. 其中一个秘书给一些员工月饼作为礼物，给另外一些员工花朵作为礼物，然 而不同于前面的秘书，另外一个秘书给员工们一本书作为中秋礼物。 2. owe /əʊ/ v. 欠，应给与；归功于 拓展 (1)owe sb.sth.＝ owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物 (2)owe ...to ... 把…归功于…；为…而感谢 owe it to sb. that ... 多亏某人… (3) owing adj. 未付的，欠着的 owing to 因为；由于 例句 ①Owing to your help, I have made great progress. In other words, I owe my progress to you. 由于你的帮助，我取得了很大进步。换句话说，我把我的进步归功于你。 ②I owe it to you that I finished my work in time. 多亏你帮忙，我才及时完成了工作。 串记 Owing to the great efforts of the educator, the students got great success however they only owe their success to themselves. 由于这个教育家的巨大努力，学生们取得巨大成功，但是他们只把他们的成 功归功于他们自己。 3.own /əʊn/ a. 自己的；v. 拥有 拓展 for its own sake 为了本身 of sb’s own 自己所有的 on one’s own 凭自己的力量，独立地，单独地 own sb.as/to be sb. 承认……是…… own up(to)sth．承认犯错误(或罪) owner n. 所有者；物主 ownership n. 所有权；物主身份 例句 Our children are grown up and have children of their own. 我们的子女都已长大成人，有了自己的孩子。 串记 The owner of the house got back the ownership of his house on his own. 这个房子的主人独自夺回了他的房屋所有权。 辨析 own, possess 这两个词都有“有”的意思。其区别是： 具有法律意味，凡涉及房屋、土地等不动产财产，多用 own。 possess 除“拥有”外，更常用于表示“具有(特性、知识、能力等好的方面 东西)”。这时不能用 own 代替。 4. pace /peɪs/ n.一步；步速；步法；vi. 踱步 拓展 at a/an…pace 以……的速度 keep(hold) pace with 跟上，与……同步 put……through sb.’ s paces 试(人的)能力(技术) 例句 We should keep pace with the time． 我们应该跟上时代的步伐。 串记 The racing driver drove his car at a pace of 200 km/h because he wanted to keep pace with his opponents. 赛车手以每小时 200 公里的速度驾车因为他想和他的对手并驾齐驱。 5. pack /pæ k/ n. 包，捆；(猎犬、野兽等的)一群；v.打/装包(反 unpack)；塞满 拓展 pack …with 用…把…装/塞/挤满 be packed with 装/塞/挤满 package n. 包，包裹；程序包；vt. 打包；将…包装 packaging n. 包装；包装业/风格 packet n. 数据/信息包；小包/捆 例句 The traveller packed a bag with a few things and was off. 旅行者装了几件衣物在袋子里就走了。 串记 The deliveryman lost his customer’s package and he needed to find it in a very short time because the packets in it are of great importance. 快递员弄丢了顾客的快递，他需要在短时间内找回这个快递因为包裹里面的 数据很重要。 二：阅读练习 A American runner Meb Keflezighi thought that he had retired.But he had one more task.At the age of 42,he ran the 2018 Boston Marathon to raise money for the Martin Richard Foundation (MRF).The organization,created by Martin’s parents,honors the memory of the eight-year-old boy who was killed in the terrorist attack at the 2013 Boston Marathon. Born in Eritrea,a country in the Horn of Africa,Keflezighi has had to deal with many difficulties from the time he was growing up.“No running water,no electricity,” he said.“You had to go two or three miles to get wood so that you could have fire to cook.” For Keflezighi,running has always been a way of life.“It’s what I love to do,and it’s who I am,” he said.Keflezighi won the 2014 Boston Marathon and the 2009 New York City Marathon,and got a silver medal at the 2004 Summer Games in Athens,Greece. Keflezighi retired from competition after the 2016 New York City Marathon.But he decided to run one last race.“I’m happy with my achievements,” he said.“Now,I’ll help others reach their goals.” On the morning of April 16,Keflezighi set out from the starting line with more than 27,000 other marathoners.They raced through Boston’s hilly streets,heavy winds and cold rain.Those were “the most difficult conditions I’ve ever run in,” Keflezighi said after the race. Keflezighi finished in 3 hours and 13 seconds,nearly an hour slower than his winning time at the 2014 Boston Marathon.But this year,Keflezighi was running not for the prize,but for a cause.“Marathon Meb”,as he is called,is still spurring on others.He said.“We all have difficult situations,but as long as we can overcome those,there’s the finish line waiting for us.” 1.Why did Keflezighi run another race after he had decided to retire? A.To raise money for an organization. B.To express thankfulness to Martin’s parents. C.To try running in the most difficult conditions. D.To encourage people to face difficulties bravely. 2.How was Meb Keflezighi’s life like as a child? A.Hard. B.Lonely. C.Exciting. D.Peaceful. 3.What can we learn about the 2018 Boston Marathon? A.It was supported by MRF. B.It was held in very bad weather. C.Keflezighi broke his own record at this race. D.Keflezighi decided to run another race after this one. B You may not know the name Charles O’Rear,but if you’ve used a computer in the past ten years,you’re familiar with his photo. O’Rear is the man behind the picture of a green hill and bright blue sky that served as the background for Microsoft’s Windows XP operating system. In the 1990s,because of the spread of a pest,endless rows of grapevines in Napa Valley disappeared.Instead,the ground was covered with thickly-growing grass. It was this picture of Sonoma County that passed by Charles O’Rear’s car window as he drove down Highway 121 in 1998.Although he was a photographer,O’Rear wasn’t doing his job that Friday afternoon.Instead,he was headed to visit his then-girlfriend (now-wife) near San Francisco. But he still had one eye on the green hills.And then,he saw it.“Wow!” he thought.“The grass is perfect! It’s green! The sun is out;there are some clouds.” So he stopped his car,pulled out his camera,and took a few photos.Those perfect greens and pure blues were totally unedited when O’Rear posted them on Corbis,a site created by Bill Gates.A few years later,O’Rear got a call from Microsoft asking to use his photo of Sonoma County as the background for its newest operating system. The company never told O’Rear exactly why they chose his photograph.“Were they looking for a picture that was peaceful?” he wondered.But artists Goldin and Senneby,who spent months researching the photograph,said that Microsoft “wanted a picture with ‘more grounding’ than the pictures of skies they had used in Windows 95.” O’Rear agreed to sell Microsoft all the rights to his photograph.But Microsoft had valued the photo so highly that none of the shipping companies could cover the insurance.In the end,O’Rear boarded a plane to deliver the photo himself. Microsoft named it “Bliss”,and,since Windows XP met the public in 2001,it’s been seen by at least a billion people. 4.O’Rear took “Bliss” . A.on a business trip to San Francisco B.on a trip to visit his then-girlfriend C.when he was on holiday with his wife D.when he was looking for beautiful hills 5.According to Goldin and Senneby,why did Microsoft choose O’Rear’s photo? A.The picture was peaceful. B.The picture was of high value. C.There was more grounding in this picture. D.The green grass fit perfectly with the blue sky. 6.How was the photo sent to Microsoft? A.O’Rear carried it all the way there. B.It was sent by an insurance company. C.It was delivered by a shipping company. D.Microsoft sent a plane to get it from O’Rear’s home. 7.What can we learn about “Bliss” from the text? A.It has been used for about 30 years. B.It was edited before being sent to Microsoft. C.The green ground in it used to be covered with grapevines. D.More and more people choose it as their desktop backgrounds.