Unit3 TheworldofscienceSectionB UsinglanguageⅠ.单词拼写1.Afalsestepandthewholegamebecomes (被动的). 2.ChemistryisimportantformebecauseinthefutureIwanttobea (化学家). 3.Theyhavelearnedthe (理论)seriously,andputitintoaction. 4.Theyweremakingeffortstoprovide (准确的)weatherforecastsduringtheOlympicGames. 5.Itisaplaceyouhavetovisitandthe (非凡的)viewwillmakeyouunwillingtoleave. 6.Shakespeareisnotonlyagreatplaywrightbutalsoa (才华横溢的)poet. Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Thediscoveryofthenewdrugis (significance)forpeoplesufferingfromheartdisease. 2.The (origin)VeniceCarnivalcametoanendabout200yearsago. 3.Honestlyspeaking,it’s mypowertohelpyousolvesuchadifficultproblem. 4.Ithashelpedmebecomestronger,both (mental)andphysically. 5.ProfessorWangsaidthereasonforshortsightednessiscomplicatedandthatthereisstillnoexcellentcure it. 6.Morethan100famousfilms (show)inthecitysinceJuly. 7.Threenewschools (open)inourcityinthepastfiveyears. 8.It’sthefirsttimethattheoldcomputer (check)sinceIboughtit.
9.Greatchanges (take)placeinmyhometown,wherealotofnewhouses (build). 10.Withtheproblemsolved,thequalityofourproduct (improve). Ⅲ.将下面的句子改为被动语态1.Uptonow,theyhavecompletedtwo-thirdsoftheproject.Uptonow, . 2.Thevolunteershavesentahugeamountofteachingequipmenttothoseprimaryschools.Ahugeamountofteachingequipment . 3.Sinceitsopening,themuseumhasattractedover5millionvisitorsallovertheworld.Sinceitsopening, . 4.Jameshascollectedmorethan2,000dollarsinthepastfivemonths. inthepastfivemonths. 5.Theresearchershaveprogrammedthoserobotstoteachmathlessonsandanswerquestionsindifferentlanguages. toteachmathlessonsandanswerquestionsindifferentlanguages. Ⅳ.阅读理解TwoscientistswontheNobelPrizeinchemistryfordevelopingawayofeditinggenes(基因),whichoffersthepromiseofonedaycuringinherited(遗传的)diseases.WorkingonoppositesidesoftheAtlantic,FrenchwomanEmmanuelleCharpentierandAmericanJenniferA.DoudnacameupwithamethodknownasCRISPR-Cas9thatcanbeusedtochangetheDNAofanimalsandplants.ItwasthefirsttimethattwowomenhadwontheNobelPrizeinChemistrytogether—addingtothesmallnumberoffemalewinnersinscience,wherewomenhavelongreceived
lessrecognitionfortheirworkthanmen.Thescientists’workallowsresearcherstopreciselyeditspecificgenestoremoveerrorsthatleadtodisease.“Thereisgreatpowerinthisgenetictool,whichaffectsusall,”saidClaesGustafsson,chairoftheNobelCommitteeforChemistry,“Ithasnotonlymadehugeprogressinbasicscience,butalsoledtoadvancesinnewmedicaltreatments.”Charpentier,53,spokeoftheshockofwinning.“StrangelyenoughIwastoldanumberoftimesthatI’dwin,butwhenithappensyou’reverysurprised.AndIwishthatthiswillprovideapositivemessagetoyounggirlswhowouldliketofollowthepathofscience.”DoudnatoldTheAssociatedPress,“IactuallyjustfoundoutI’minshock.Andmygreatesthopeisthatit’susedforgood,touncovernewmysteriesinbiologyandtobenefithumankind.”TheBroadInstituteatHarvardandMIThavebeeninalongcourtfightoverpatents(专利)onCRISPRtechnology,andmanyotherscientistsdidimportantworkonit,butDoudnaandCharpentierhavebeenmostconsistently(一致地)honoredwithprizesforturningitintoaneasilyusabletool.1.Whatdoweknowaboutthetwoscientistsfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.TheybothworkinAmerica.B.Theyworkharderthanotherfemales.C.Theyprovideanewwaytoeditgenes.D.TheyarethefirstwomentowintheNobelPrize.2.WhatisClaesGustafsson’sattitudetowardsthegenetictool?A.Supportive.B.Indifferent.C.Dissatisfied.D.Doubtful.3.WhatdidCharpentierandDoudnathinkoftheirwinningtheprize?A.Theydidn’tdeservethehonor.B.Theythoughtitgoodforthem.
C.Theywerebothsurprisedatit.D.Theywouldbeexamplestoyounggirls.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.TwoNobelPrizewinnerssurprisedtheworld.B.Femalescientistsdobetterthanmalescientists.C.Thereisresearchfordevelopingawayofeditinggenes.D.TwoscientistswontheNobelPrizeforgene-editingdiscovery.Ⅴ.七选五Whatmakesagoodscientist?MynameisClara.Iamaclimatescientiststudyingtinyparticlesintheatmospherewhichisalayerofgasesthatsurroundsourplanet.Ihavewonderedaboutwhatmakesagoodscientist. 1 . Patience 2 .Theyhavepatienceforothers,patienceforthemselvesandpatiencewhenthingsgowrong.Afewyearsago,whenIworkedonaNASAmission,wesentaspacecrafttobringbackasampleofanasteroid.Thespacecraftreachedtheasteroidin2018andreturnedwithapieceoftheasteroidin2021.Thenscientistsstudiedit. Scientificdiscoveriesdonottakeplaceovernight.Manyaresmallandgoslowly.Missionsoftentakeyearstocomplete. 3 . BeingOpenToOthersAgoodscientisthasanopenmind.Itcanbeeasytoignorepeopleyoudonotagreewith.Butweshouldbeopentonewideasandaskpeoplewhattheythink. 4 .Moreover,weshouldlearnfromourmistakes.Successalmostnevercomesquicklyoreasily.Chancesareyou’llstumblemanytimesfirst,butthat’sOKbecausemakingmistakesispartoflearning. CuriosityGoodscientistsarecurious,butweshouldalsobecuriousinourdailylives.Whenwearecuriousaboutotherpeople,wecancareaboutthem.Wecanbecomemoreunderstanding.
Afterall,itiseasytobekind.Youcandoitanywhere,andakindactioncanmakesomeone’sday.Youdon’tknowwhatpeoplearegoingthroughunlessyoufindout.So,askquestionsabouteverything.Askyourfriendshowthey’redoing.Askyourselfwhatmakesyoufeelalive.Aboveall,makesuretopayattentiontotheworldandthepeoplearoundyou. 5 .Itisoursuperpower,andalsowhatmakesushuman. A.AgoodscientisthaspatienceB.Don’tbeashamedofbeingcuriousC.SometimesbeingopencanbeveryharmfulD.ThatiswhyhavingpatienceissoimportantE.AskyourworkmatestohavelunchwithyouF.Tome,itisthesameaswhatmakesagoodpersonG.WeshoulddothisevenwhenwedonotagreewiththemⅥ.完形填空A13-year-oldgirlfromConnecticutcameupwithasmartideaandbrightenedthedaysofhundredsofsickkids. 1 toseeherdearsisterlyingonthehospitalbedthreemonthsago,EllaCasano 2 theMediTeddy,astuffedanimalbagthatcontainsanIVpocket(静脉注射袋).Thebackofthe 3 consistsofanet,allowingadoctorornursetoseethroughandcheckontheliquid 4 thatachildisreceiving.Fromthefront,thechildseesa 5 faceinsteadoftheIVliquidpocket. Atthebeginning,Ellahopedto 6 $5,000throughaGoFundMepage,whichwouldhaveallowedhertostartproducing500MediTeddys,thesmallestnumber 7 bythemanufacturer(厂家)todothejob. 8 ,injustoveraweek,Ella’spagecollectedmorethan$20,000.Althoughhersisterrecoveredsoon,Ellawasamazedbytheunexpectedlevelof 9 anddecidedtoworkharder. Shesharedwithalocalnewspaper,“Itturnsoutkidsaren’ttheonlyoneswhoget 10 bytheMediTeddy.The 11 forithasbeenquiteobviousamongpatients,bothchildrenandadults,andevenpetownersnationwide.Wewanttocontinueto 12 MediTeddystoasmanychildrenaswecantomakea 13 intheirlives.”
Thesamemotivationhasalso 14 Ella’smom.“It’sreallybeenheartwarmingtoreceivesuch 15 emailsfromallovertheworld,”shesaid.“Andit’sinspiringmetocontributetotheprocess.” 1.A.SadB.NervousC.AngryD.Surprised2.A.boughtB.createdC.foundD.filled3.A.basketB.bedC.windowD.bag4.A.medicineB.sugarC.juiceD.food5.A.seriousB.strangeC.friendlyD.common6.A.earnB.raiseC.exchangeD.donate7.A.changedB.collectedC.requiredD.reduced8.A.BesidesB.AnywayC.ThereforeD.However9.A.responseB.competitionC.treatmentD.performance10.A.surroundedB.comfortedC.acceptedD.connected11.A.designB.reasonC.needD.test12.A.leavebehindB.showoff
C.handinD.giveaway13.A.differenceB.planC.dealD.decision14.A.educatedB.trainedC.advisedD.impacted15.A.privateB.formalC.supportiveD.humorous参考答案Ⅰ.1.passive 2.chemist 3.theory 4.accurate5.extraordinary 6.brilliantⅡ.1.significant 2.original 3.beyond 4.mentally5.for 6.havebeenshown 7.havebeenopened 8.hasbeenchecked 9.havetaken;havebeenbuilt 10.hasbeenimprovedⅢ.1.two-thirdsoftheprojecthasbeencompletedbythem2.hasbeensenttothoseprimaryschoolsbythevolunteers3.over5millionvisitorsallovertheworldhavebeenattractedbythemuseum 4.Morethan2,000dollarshasbeencollectedbyJames 5.ThoserobotshavebeenprogrammedbytheresearchersⅣ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两名女性科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖,以及她们对于获得诺贝尔化学奖的感受。1.C 细节理解题。第一段第一句提到“TwoscientistswontheNobelPrizeinchemistryfordevelopingawayofeditinggenes”,由此可知她们提出了一种新的基因编辑的方法,C项符合题意。2.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Thereisgreatpowerinthisgenetictool,whichaffectsusall...Ithasnotonlymadehugeprogressinbasicscience,butalsoledtoadvancesinnewmedicaltreatments.”由此判断ClaesGustafsson对于这个基因工具是一种支持的态度。故选A项。3.C 细节理解题。第四段提到Charpentier获奖时的想法,“StrangelyenoughIwastoldanumberoftimesthatI’dwin,butwhenithappensyou’reverysurprised”,第五段提到Doudna获奖时的想法“IactuallyjustfoundoutI’minshock”由此可知,两位科学家在得知自己获奖时都是非常惊讶的。故选C项。
4.D 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句以及文章内容可判断,文章讲述了两位科学家因基因编辑方法而获得诺贝尔奖的故事。Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是要成为一名优秀的科学家应该具备哪些条件。1.F 根据空前可知作者想知道成为一名优秀的科学家的条件,所以接下来应该讲条件有哪些。F项“Tome,itisthesameaswhatmakesagoodperson”说明成为一名优秀科学家的条件和成为一个好人的条件是一样的,承接上文,符合上下文语境。2.A 根据本段的中心词“Patience”以及空后“Theyhavepatienceforothers,patienceforthemselvesandpatiencewhenthingsgowrong.”可知本段是围绕着好的科学家有耐心这一点展开,A项“Agoodscientisthaspatience”概括全段的内容,符合上下文语境。3.D 根据空前可知此处是在讲作为一名优秀的科学家要有耐心的原因,所以接下来应该对全段进行总结,D项“Thatiswhyhavingpatienceissoimportant”总结上文,同时回扣本段主题。4.G 根据空前可知要想成为一名好的科学家要有一个开放的心态,所以空处应该接着说有一个开放的心态应该怎么做,G项“Weshoulddothisevenwhenwedonotagreewiththem”承接上文,而且G项中的“this”指代上文的“weshouldbeopentonewideasandaskpeoplewhattheythink”,符合上下文语境。5.B 空处位于段首,是本段的主旨句。根据下文可知空处的主旨句应该讲我们的“超能力”是什么,什么造就了人类。B项“Don’tbeashamedofbeingcurious”概括全段内容,指明原因,符合上下文语境。Ⅵ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了13岁的女孩发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋,里面有一个输液袋,受到了生病孩子们的欢迎。1.A Ella看到自己亲爱的妹妹躺在医院的病床上,肯定心里很难过。2.B 根据第一段内容可知,Ella发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋,里面有一个输液袋。3.D 袋子的背面有一个网兜,医生或护士可以透过网兜检查孩子注射的液体药物。4.A 根据上文和常识可知,输液袋里面是药物。5.C 从正面看,孩子看到的是一张“美迪泰迪熊”友善的脸。6.B Ella希望通过GoFundMe页面筹集5000美元,用来生产“美迪泰迪熊”。7.C 根据“bythemanufacturertodothejob.”可知,厂家要求生产的最小数量是500。
8.D 根据“injustoveraweek,Ella’spagecollectedmorethan$20,000.”可知,Ella希望筹集5000美元,然而,仅仅一周多的时间,Ella就筹集了两万多美元。9.A Ella对“美迪泰迪熊”出乎意料的受欢迎感到惊讶,这是人们对“美迪泰迪熊”的反应。10.B 根据“bytheMediTeddy.”可知,从“美迪泰迪熊”那里得到安慰。11.C 根据上下文可知,无论是儿童还是成人,甚至是全国的宠物主人,对“美迪泰迪熊”的需求很明显。12.D 根据“toasmanychildrenaswecantomakea intheirlives.”可知,Ella会继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”。 13.A Ella会继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”,让他们的生活有所不同。14.D 根据“it’sinspiringmetocontributetotheprocess.”可知,Ella的动机也影响了妈妈。15.C 根据“it’sinspiringmetocontributetotheprocess.”可知,Ella妈妈收到来自世界各地支持的邮件。
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