人教新课标英语必修5 Unit 5　First aid

1/14 Unit 5 First aid [单词 拼写应用] 核心单词 1．aid n．& vt.帮助；援助；资助 2．barrier n．屏障；障碍(物) 3．organ n. 器官 4．vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 5．pour vt.& vi.倒；灌；注；涌 6．ceremony n．典礼；仪式；礼节 7．treat vi.& vt.治疗，对待，款待 n．款待；招待 8．ambulance n．救护车 9．temporary adj.暂时的；临时的 10．squeeze vt.& vi.榨；挤；压榨 [语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1．Men and women must be treated(treat) equally in education and employment. 2．My brother knows little English，which is one of the barriers(barrier) in looking for a job. 3．Alice sat on the sofa quietly with tears pouring(pour) down her face. 4．A terrible accident must have happened there，for two ambulances (ambulance) rushed to the spot just now. 5．Tom took off his wet clothes and squeezed (squeeze)the water out. 拓展单词 1．press v．压，按→pressure n．压力；挤压；压迫(感) 2．injure vt.受伤→injury n．损伤；伤害 3．poison n．毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒→poisonous adj.有毒的 4．vary v．变化→ various adj.各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性) 2/14 5．mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的→mildly adv.轻微地；温和地 6．swell vi.& vt. (使)膨胀；隆起→swollen adj.肿胀的 7．tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地 8．firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地 9．apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效→applicant n．申 请人→application n．申请 10．brave adj.勇敢的→bravely adv.勇敢地→bravery n．勇敢；勇气 [语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1．He got injured during the football match and the injury was serious.(injure) 2．The people in the flooded area fought bravely against the natural disaster.Their bravery deserved to be praised.(brave) 3．Don't press me any longer.These days，I can't fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great pressure on me.(press) 4．The applicants who want to apply for the position should hand in their applications.(apply) 5．We like to live a life full of variety and our tastes are various.(vary) 阅读词汇 1．bleed vi.& vt. 流血 2．ankle n． 踝(关节) 3．choke vi.& vt. (使)噎住；(使)窒息 4．cupboard n． 橱柜；衣柜 5．skin n． 皮；皮肤 6．ray n． 光线；射线 7．liquid n． 液体 8．radiation n． 辐射；射线 9．tissue n． (生物)组织；薄的织物；手巾纸 10．scissors n．(pl.) 剪刀 11．throat n． 咽喉；喉咙 12．symptom n． 症状；征兆 13．damp adj. 潮湿的 14．sleeve n． 袖子 3/14 15．blouse n． 女衬衫 拓展联想 1.“帮助”家族 ①aid n．& vt.帮助；援助 ②favour n．帮助；好意 ③assist vt.帮助；协助 ④assistance n．帮助；协助 ⑤support n．& vt.支持；帮助 ⑥sponsor vt.赞助 2.“ure”后缀的高频名词小结 ①pressure 压力 ②pleasure 乐事；快乐 ③exposure 暴露；揭发 ④failure 失败 ⑤mixture 混合物 ⑥signature 签名 3.受伤/病症状集合 ①symptom n．症状；征兆 ②swollen adj.肿胀的 ③bleed v．流血 ④allergic adj.过敏的 ⑤fever n．发烧 ⑥flu n．流感 熟词生义 你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？ 1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located. 综 合大楼 2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)By the time the group got up to leave，it was pouring outside. 下大雨；大雨滂沱 4/14 3．Choking back tears, he said Mary died in his arms. 强忍住；克制 [短语 多维应用] 高频短语 1．first aid(对伤患者的)急救 2．fall ill 生病 3．make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 4．over and over again 反复；多次 5．act as 担任 [语境运用] 选用上边短语的适当形式填空。 In our daily life，we often need to do some temporary treatments when someone is mildly burnt，①falls ill or becomes poisoned suddenly.In order to perform ②first aid properly，we must know about a variety of common symptoms and practice the first aid process ③over and over again.In a word，first aid can ④make a difference in our life. 6．squeeze out 榨出；挤出 7．in place 在适当的位置；适当 8．prevent ...from ... 阻止…… 9．put one's hands on 找到 10．a knowledge of 懂……；了解…… [语境运用] 选用上边短语的适当形式填空。 ⑤A knowledge of common practices for first aid is vital in our daily life.If a person is drowning，you must ⑥squeeze out the water in his stomach at first.As for bleeding badly，⑦put your hands on a clean handkerchief or a piece of cloth，press it on the bleeding point and hold it ⑧in place.The way to deal with being poisoned by the gas is to open the doors and windows to let the fresh air in. 拓展联想 1.“make a＋n.”短语荟萃 ①make a difference 区别对待；有影响 ②make a mistake 弄错 ③make a decision 做决定 ④make a promise 许诺 5/14 ⑤make a discovery 一个发现 ⑥make a face 做鬼脸 ⑦make a noise 制造噪音 ⑧make a comment 作评论 2．“in＋n.”短语大聚会 ①in danger 在危险中 ②in trouble 处于困境中 ③in debt 负债，欠账 ④in sight 能看到，在视线之内 ⑤in surprise 吃惊地 ⑥in case 以防 ⑦in turn 反过来 ⑧in order 秩序井然 [句式 结构仿写] 教材原句背诵 句式仿写应用 1.unless 引导条件状语从句。 Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. 要是没有充分准备的话，户外运动有时 会意味着受伤。 Unless one is fully prepared，outdoor sports can sometimes mean injuries. 2.be doing...when...正在做……这 时……。 John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. 我正在想是否参加，这时英语老师走了 过来，告诉我这是我展示才华的好机 会。 I was wondering whether to participate or not when my English teacher came by， telling me that it was a good chance to display my talent. 3.It was...that...为强调句型。 It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life. 正是拥有真诚和信任我们才创建了一 个和谐的气氛。 It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere. 4.There's no doubt that...毫无疑 问……。 (2018·桂林模拟)毫无疑问世界上越来 越多的人喜欢喝茶。 6/14 There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life. There is no doubt that more and more people around the world are fond of drinking tea. 精讲 4 个考纲单词 1．aid n．& vt.帮助；援助；资助 (1)单句语法填空 ①Neighbours aided him with money when he almost lost everything in the fire. ②He is so kind a boy that he often aided his mother to clean(clean) the table, even the furniture. ③The moment he saw the poor little boy on TV，he determined to aid him in continuing(continue) his study. (2)[链接写作]——完成句子 在我们英语老师的帮助下，这学期我们取得了很大的进步。 With the aid/help of our English teacher，we have made great progress this term. 先理解再牢记 (1)first aid 急救 with the aid of 在……帮助下；借助于 come/go to sb.'s aid 来(去)帮助某人 (2)aid sb.to do.../in doing...帮助某人做…… aid sb. with...帮助某人…… [佳句背诵] She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not come to her aid. 2.vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 (1)单句语法填空 ①Enough sleep is vital to/for the students' physical and mental health. ②As far as I'm concerned, it is vital to keep (keep) accurate records. (2)[链接写作]——一句多译 重要的是我们应从失败中吸取教训。 7/14 ①What's vital is that we should learn something from failure.(主语从句) ②It's vital that we should learn something from failure.(it 作形式主语) 先理解再牢记 be vital for/to sth.对……极为重要 It is vital that sb. (should) do sth....……是极重要的 It is vital to do sth.做某事很重要 [名师点津] It is necessary/vital/important that...(should) do sth., should 可 以省略。 3.treatvt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n.款待；招待 (1)单句语法填空 ①(2016· 天 津 卷 )After years of regular treatment (treat), she finally became healthy. ②I'll treat you to lunch at the restaurant in front of our school. (2)[链接写作]——句式升级 (普通表达)If the patient was treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved. ①(高级表达)If treated in a proper way，the patient was likely to be saved.(省略 句) ②(高级表达)Treated in a proper way，the patient was likely to be saved.(分词作 状语) 先理解再牢记 (1)treat...as...把……当……看待 treat sth. seriously 认真对待某事/物 treat sb./oneself to 用……款待某人/自己 (2)It's my treat.我请客。 (3)under treatment 在治疗中 [佳句背诵] Our teachers are kind to us and treat us as their friends. [联想发散] “把……当……看待”的表达形式：treat...as；regard...as；think of...as 等。 4．apply vi.申请；请求；使用 (1)单句语法填空 8/14 ①I'd appreciate it if you can take my application (apply) into account at your convenience. ②You must be aware that this rule can't be applied (apply) to every case. ③Now that you have a good command of English, you can apply for the job. (2)[链接写作]——句式升级 (普通表达)If you apply yourself to your study，you will pass your exam. ①(高级表达)Apply yourself to your study，and you will pass your exam.(祈使 句) ②(高级表达)Applying yourself to your study，you will pass your exam.(分词作 状语) 先理解再牢记 (1)apply...to...把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上 apply to...适应……；适用于…… apply (to...) for... (向……)申请…… apply oneself to 集中精力于 (2)application n．申请书，应用 applicant n．申请人 [熟 词 生 义] Please clean the wound with a clean cloth and then apply the medicine to it.(vt.涂；敷) 诠释 2 个核心短语 1．in place 在适当的位置；适当 (1)单句语法填空 ①Some of these books are out of place，making the whole room messy. ②Mary took the place of Tom to arrange the meeting which would take place in the company. ③You'd better put things back in place.Otherwise，it will be difficult to find them. (2)[链接写作]——词汇升级 (普通表达)Firstly, with a good command of English, I'm quite qualified for the job. 9/14 ( 高 级 表 达 )In the first place, with a good command of English, I'm quite qualified for the job. 先理解再牢记 (1)out of place 不在适当位置；不合适 in place of 代替；取代 in the first place 首先；第一点 (2)take place 发生 take one's place 就座；代替 take the place of 代替；取代 [联想发散] “首先”的表达形式：firstly，to begin with，in the first place； at first 等。 2.make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 (1)单句语法填空 ①What you have said will make no difference to the naughty boy. ②The twins are so alike；it's difficult to tell the difference between them. (2)[链接写作]——词汇升级 (普通表达)I will help to clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. I hope my behaviors will work. (高级表达)I will help to clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.I hope my behaviors will make a difference. 先理解再牢记 (1)make a difference to 对……有作用/有影响 make some/no/little difference (to...) (对……)有/没作用或影响 (2)tell the difference (between...and...) 辨别/区分(……与……) [ 佳 句 背 诵 ] Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in our life. 突破 2 个高考句型 1．(教材 P34)Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用 10/14 剪刀。 [要点提炼] unless 引导条件状语从句。 (1)单句语法填空 ①She says that she will have to close the shop unless business improves. ②Unless the weather gets (get) better, I will stay at home. (2)[链接写作]——句式升级 (普通表达)I won't attend the party to be held tomorrow unless I'm invited. (高级表达)I won't attend the party to be held tomorrow unless invited. 先理解再牢记 (1)unless 意为“除非；如果不”，引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，可与 if...not 引导的否定状语从句互换。 (2)unless 引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般 将来时。 (3)在 unless 引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。 [佳句背诵] It is known to all that unless you exercise regularly, you won't keep fit. 2.(教材 P38)John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在 房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。 [要点提炼] be doing ...when ...正在做某事……这时。 (1)单句语法填空 ①The professor had just finished his speech when students rushed out of the classroom. ②We were discussing(discuss) the problem when there was a power failure. (2)[链接写作]——一句多译 我正要放弃，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。 ①I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.(be about to) ②I was on the point of giving up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.(be on the point of) 先理解再牢记 (1)be doing...when...正在……这时…… 11/14 (2)be about to do...when... 正打算做……这时…… (3)be on the point of doing...when... 正要……这时…… (4)had just done...when...刚做了……这时(突然)…… [佳句背诵] The children were playing football happily on the playground when it began to rain heavily. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The project, unless approved (approve) by the government, will not be carried out soon. 2．I was about to call the editor when I found my cellphone missing. 3．Susan fell (fall) ill on vacation, which was really unlucky. 4．The girl lay on the ground, and bled ( bleed) heavily. 5．It's I who would like to apply for the position，vice president of our school English club. 6．These men made themselves famous for their courage and bravery(brave)． 7．They have earned lots of money，so I firmly(firm) believe that the business is a success. 8．There's no denying that the attack did a severe injury(injure) to his reputation. 9．It is essential that these application forms should be sent (send) back as early as possible. 10．The global warming, if not properly controlled (control), might lead to more natural disasters. Ⅱ.课文语法填空 根据 P33－35 课文内容，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形 式。 There are three types of burns.They 1.are called(call) first，second or third degree burns，2.depending(depend) on which layers of the skin are burned. First degree burns affect only the top layer of the skin.These burns are not 12/14 serious and should feel 3.better(good) within a day or two.Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by 4.touching(touch) a hot pan，stove or iron for a moment. Second degree burns affect 5.both the top and the second layer of the skin.These burns are serious 6.and take a few weeks 7.to heal(heal)．Examples include severe sunburn and burns 8.caused (cause) by hot liquids. Third degree burns affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs 9.under the skin.Examples include burns caused by electric shocks，burning clothes， or severe petrol fires.These burns cause very severe 10.injuries(injure) and the victim must go to hospital at once. Ⅲ.读后续写 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Funny how you can always tell when somebody's laughing behind your back.Jodie hadn't really heard anything， maybe a whisper， but when she turned around，the girls in the back row of the class were looking at her，trying to hide smiles and laughs.She looked back at her teacher—Mr.Swales— was talking about what people do all day.He also wanted to find out what his students wanted to be when they grew up.He called on Billy Mitzer first. “My daddy works in a bank，” Billy Mitzer said.“I guess I want to work in a bank too.There's lots of money in the bank.” “My parents have a grocery store，” Emmy DiSalvo said.“Papa's behind the counter and Mama keeps the cash register.But I want to be an airline pilot.” Jodie liked it when Mr.Swales asked them questions like this.He was about to call on Jodie when the girls in the back row burst out laughing. Shirley Danes yelled，“Jodie's Daddy is a garbage man！” Everybody in the class laughed out loud.Everybody except Jodie，that is.She felt her face turn bright red.She looked around the whole classroom.Everyone was laughing.Some kids were even holding their noses. Jodie looked at Mr.Swales.He was angry.He almost never raised his voice，but now he did. “Silence！I want everybody to quiet down this instant.” The laughter stopped immediately.The sound of cars and people going by out on the street came through the windows.“You should be ashamed of yourselves，” 13/14 Mr.Swales said.“Being a garbage man...I mean，is a difficult and enormously useful job.We should all be grateful to Mr.Harris.Where would we be without him? Up to our ears in garbage，that's where.How would you like that？” “It's not funny，” Mr.Swales went on.“Garbage is a serious matter.I think you all owe Jodie an apology.And after that，you're all going to write Jodie's father， Mr.Harris，a nice letter to tell him how much you appreciate what he does for all of us.In other words，keeping our city clean.” 注意： 1．所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右； 2．至少使用 5 个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1： Everyone said “Sorry，Jodie”，but Jodie could tell they didn't really mean it. Paragraph 2： Jodie's father came to walk her home from school as usual. 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1： Everyone said “Sorry，Jodie”，but Jodie could tell they didn't really mean it. Jodie also knew nobody wanted to write her father a letter.Her face was burning red and she felt like crying.Mr.Swales came to her desk and patted her shoulder.“Let's go out in the hall while everyone's writing those letters so we can have a private talk.” Jodie started crying out in the hall.“I'm sorry this happened ， ” Mr.Swales 14/14 said.“But remember，hard work done well is something to be proud of.” Paragraph 2： Jodie's father came to walk her home from school as usual.She didn't run up to him the way she always did.When they were up in their home，Jodie went to her little room and cried for a good long time before she did her homework.Mr.Harris came into her room.“What happened，Jodie? Why are you so sad？” Jodie told her father what had happened and looked at him.He didn't seem angry or hurt.He laughed and said，“Although my work seems to be a humble one，my devotion to the job will be everlasting.”