高二英语选修7Unit1Grammar课件

infinitives aims 1．Be able to recognize the infinitives and know the exact meanings of them. 2．Be able to use these structures correctly. 1．基本概念 ●不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化， 而且不能单独用作谓语，但仍旧有动词的特点，即可有 自己的宾语和状语，构成不定式短语，使用频率较高。 是一个考试经常考查的语法点。 2．基本形式 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing / 完成进行式 to have been doing / 否定形式 not to do not to be done 疑问词＋不定式 wh－ to do wh－ to be done 复合结构 sb.to do/for sb.to do / 3.句法功能 ●不定式具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，在句中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、 定语、状语和补足语，还可以有自己的逻辑主语，即for sb.to do sth.。 • It is good to help others.(subject) • It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighbourhood have access to all public buildings.(subject) • My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up.(predicative) 3.句法功能 • I don't have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.(attributive) • I am the only student in my class to have a pet snake.(attributive) • A big company has decided to buy it from me.(object) • My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am.(object) 3.句法功能 • I have had to work hard to live a normal life.(adverbial) • Some days I am too tired to get out of bed.(adverbial) • We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people. (object complement) 4．不定式的时态与语态 ●根据需要，不定式可以有一般式(to do)，完成式(to have done)，完成进行式(to have been doing)，进行式(to be doing)等时态形式以及被动形式to be done和to have been done。 ●他不允许我们早回家。 ●He didn't allow us to go home early. ●他好像看过这部电影。 ●He seemed to have seen the film. ●据说她住在该城市六年了。 ●She is said to have been living in the city for six years. ●当他母亲进来的时候，小男孩假装在读书。 ●The boy pretended to be reading when his mother came in. ●据说他几年前在国外学习过。 ●He is said to have studied abroad a few years ago. ●据说此书已被译成了多种语言。 ●The book is said to have been translated into many languages. Drilling ●Translate the following sentences into English and pay attention to the use of the infinitive. ●1．我忘了让你去社区服务中心了。 ●I forgot to ask you to go to the community service center. ●2．在检查机器之前关掉电源是很重要的。 ●It's very important to turn off the electricity before you check the machine. ● 3．我不知道哪儿能找到这种纽扣。 ●I don't know where to find such a kind of button. ● 4．幸运的是，我们没有更多的活儿要做。 ●Luckily，we don't have much more work to do. ● 5．海伦很高兴到过中国20多个省、市。 ●Helen is very pleased to have travelled in more than 20 provinces and cities in China. ● 6．她事业有成，现在最大的愿望就是结婚生子。 ●She has been very successful in her work，and now her greatest wish is to get married and have some children.