冀教版高三英语一轮复习选修8Unit8HumankindandNature知识讲解
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冀教版高三英语一轮复习选修8Unit8HumankindandNature知识讲解

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时间:2021-04-28

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年 级 高三 学 科 英语 版 本 冀教版 内容标题 Unit 8 Humankind and Nature 知识精讲: 一. 教学内容: Unit 8 Humankind and Nature 1. soul [C] 1)灵魂,内心;气魄;2)情感;3)典范;4)某种人 There was a feeling of restlessness deep in her soul. 她内心深处感到焦躁不安。 It was a very polished performance, but it lacked soul. 这场演出技艺很精湛,但缺少真挚的情感。 He is the soul of discretion. 他是谨慎的典范。 She is a dear old soul. 她是一个可爱的老妇人。 2. poison n. 毒药,败坏道德之事,毒害 v. 毒害,摧毁,中毒 1)Someone tried to poison our dog. 有人想毒杀我们的狗。 2)Gases from cars are poisoning the air of our cities. 汽车放出的废气在污染我们城市的空气。 3)He tried to kill himself by taking poison. 他曾试图服毒自杀。 poisonous a. 有毒的,狠毒的 1)She gave him a poisonous look. 她恶狠狠地瞪了他一眼。 2)Some mushrooms are poisonous. 有些蘑菇有毒。 3. imagination n. 想象,想象力 Examples: These plans reveal a complete failure of imagination. 这些计划显得毫无想象力。 imagine v. 想像,幻想,猜测(指没有充分证据或单凭某种模糊印象和感 觉而设想、推断) image doing 想象做某事/imagine sb. /sth. to be /as …认为……怎么 样/ imagine + 从句 Examples: 1)I imagined she was quite surprised when she heard the truth. 我想她听说真相后一定很惊讶。 2)You can imagine how surprised I was. 你可以想象我是多么惊讶。 3)I imagine him as a big tall man. 我以为他是个高大的人。 4)Don’t imagine yourself to be always correct. 不要以为自己总是对的。 imaginary a. 想象的,虚构的 All the characters in this book are imaginary. 这本书中的人物都是虚构的。 imaginable a. 可想像的,可能的 We had the greatest difficulty imaginable getting here in time. 我们为了及时赶到此地,经历了可能想见的最大的困难。 4. take up 拿起;接着,继续;开始从事,占据 1)She take up a book. 她拿起一本书。 2)She took up the narrative where John had left off. 她接着讲约翰未讲完的故事。 3)This table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地方了。 4)She takes up her duties/responsibilities next week. 她下周开始履行职责。 5)I’ll take up this matter. 我来办理这桩事。 5. occupation n. 职业;占领;消遣 1)He returned from Paris and found his office was under someone else’ s occupation. 他从巴黎回来,发现他的办公室被别人占了。 2)Riding is her favorite occupation. 骑马是她最喜欢的消遣。 3)What’s your occupation? I’m a dancer. 你的职业是什么?我是跳舞的。 注意:occupation 是指用以成为某个正常的生活来源的一项活动; profession 是指需要大量训练和专门学习的行业。侧重于其专业性 trade 一般来说是指需要技巧而非高深学问的职业,可译为“职业”、“手艺” business 表示一个人经常的,且赖以生活的职业,但是侧重于商业方面, 尤指银行业、商业、企业等行业中的工作。 employment 指受雇于他人,领取工资以谋生计,并且是比较固定的工作。 occupy v. 占领,占,住进 Examples: 1)Reading occupies most of my free time. 阅读占去了我大部分的闲暇时间。 2)The enemy occupied the town. 敌人占据了这个城镇。 3)Is that seat occupied? 那个座位有人吗? 6. stretch n. 伸展,张开,弹性 a. 可伸缩的 v. 伸展,张开,延伸 1)I got out of the bed and had a good stretch. 我起床后舒服地伸了个懒腰。 2)For tracksuits you need material with plenty of stretch. 做田径服需要用弹性强的料子。 3)The desert stretched away into the distance. 沙漠一直延伸到远方。 7. unknown a. 未知的 He was an unknown painter one year ago. 一年前,他还是一个不为人知的画家。 known a. 已知的,有名的 Your theory doesn’t square with the known facts. 你的说法跟已知的事实不符。 be known as 被称为(以……著称,通称) be known for 因……而众所周知 be known to 为某人所熟知 8. growth n. 增长;发展;种植 1)Childhood is a period of rapid growth. 幼年是生长迅速的时期。 2)Have an apple of our own growth. 尝尝我们自己种的苹果吧。 3)Lack of demand will slow (down) our economic growth. 市场需求低就会拖慢我们的经济增长速度。 grow vi. 生长,成长,渐渐变得,增长,增高 vt. 种植,栽培,培育 grow into 长成,发展而成为;逐渐适应 grow up 长大;兴起;逐渐形成 grow out of 产生自……;由……而发展或形成: 1)This district grew cotton on a large scale. 这个地区过去大量种棉花。 2)She has a hot temper, but you will soon grow to like her. 她脾气躁,但不久你就会喜欢她了。 3)She is growing into a beautiful young woman. 她渐渐出落成美丽的姑娘。 4)He is growing old. 他渐渐老了。 9. security n. 安全 n. 保证金,抵押品,债券,证券 1)All the people who know this secret represent a security risk. 凡是知道这个秘密的人都对安全造成危险。 2)What I need now is the security of a happy home. 我现在需要的是一个幸福家庭所给予的安全感。 3)He uses his house as security to borrow the money. 他用房子作借钱的抵押。 secure a. 无虑的,安心的,安全的 v. 固定,获得,使……安全 be secure against [from] 没有遭受……的危险 be secure of 对……有把握,确信 feel secure about [as to] 对……(觉得)放心 secure (sth.) against [from] 使(某物)免遭 have one’s mind secure 放下心 Keep the prisoner secure. 把囚犯牢牢地关起来。 1)He secured the release of the hostages. 他已经设法使人质获释。 2)Make the windows secure before leaving the house. 出门之前把窗户关严。 3)The little boy felt secure near his parents. 那小男孩在父母身边感到安心。 10. dedication n. 奉献 1)His dedication should be learned by all of us. 他的奉献精神值得我们学习。 2)Served the public with dedication and integrity. 以无私奉献的精神廉正地为民众服务。 dedicate v. 献出,献给 Examples: 1)She dedicated her life to science. 她毕生致力于科学。 2)She dedicated her first book to her husband. 她把自己的第一本书献给了丈夫。 11. attribute n. 属性,特征 v. 归于(+to),属于 Examples: 1)They attribute their success to their teacher’s encouragement. (attribute … to …= owe… to 把……归功于……) 他们把成功归因于老师的鼓励。 2)He attributed his good health to exercise. 他认为自己之所以身体好是因为运动。 3)Do you think it proper to attribute weakness to women? (认为…… 是某人所有(+to)) 你觉得把软弱当作女性的属性适当吗? 4)That play was wrongly attributed to Bacon. ( 认为……是某人所 做[H](+to)) 那个剧本被错误地认为是培根的作品。 5)The sword is an attribute of a fighter. 剑是斗士的象征。 6)Kindness is one of her attributes. 仁慈是她的特性之一。 12. deprive v. 剥夺 deprive sb. of sth Examples: 1)What will a student do if he were deprived of his books? 一个学生如果没有了书籍,将怎么办? 2)The trees outside the windows deprive the house of light. 窗外的树木把房子遮挡得暗然无光。 3)If you do not drive carefully, I shall be obliged to deprive you of your licence. 如果您不谨慎驾驶,我将不得不没收您的执照。 13. crack n. 裂缝,变声 v. 打开,破裂,变声 Examples: 1)Don’t pour hot water into the glass or it will crack. 别把热水倒进玻璃杯里,不然它会裂开的。 2)There is a crack in this window. 这扇窗户上有个裂纹。 3)I cracked two eggs into the frying pan. 我往平底锅里打了两个鸡蛋。 4)His voice cracked with emotion. 由于激动,他的声音变得嘶哑。 cracked a. 破碎的,破裂的,声音嘶哑的 A cracked bell can never sound well. 【谚】破钟敲不响。 14. might as well 还是……的好 might as well do 还是做……的好;倒不如做…… might as well do as do 与其……倒不如 Examples: 1)In that case, I might as well bring them back with me. 那样的话,我还不如拿回去。 2)You might as well not know a thing at all as know it only a little. 只知道一点点,不如完全不晓得。 3)I might as well die as marry him. 我与其嫁给他,倒不如去死算了。 4)You might as well throw your money into the sea as lend it to him. 你借他钱不如把钱扔到海里去。 5)You might as well tell her the truth. 你倒不如把真相告诉她。 15. make a difference /make a big/ a great deal of / a lot of difference 有影响,起(重要)作用 1)The fact that I can now organize my own time makes a big difference. 现在我能自己安排时间了,这对我有很大的作用。 2)The sea air has made a difference to her health. 海上的空气改善了她的健康状况。

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