1 阅读理解
2 七选五
3
语法填空4
完形填空
5
目 录
Contents
6
短文改错
作文：应用文2 阅读理解 （一）解题要点
忠实于原文, 不断章取义, 看清问题, 看完所有选项
再选择, 复查注意答案的一体性, 不自相矛盾, 首先核准关
键答案, 以防一错皆错。
争取找到答案的依据，每个问题的答案均应在原文中找
到相关的语句或段落。注意选项中以偏盖全的失误。
理解作者的观点、态度、写这篇文章的目的，要达到的
效果，作者所持的态度，要与作者站在同一个角度审视问
题，才能与作者合拍。尤其是推测性问题。只有与作者视
角一致才能作出合理性的推测。2 阅读理解 （二）注意掌握不同文体特点和阅读方法
说明文、科普文：首句常为主题句。
记叙文：首句交代时间,地点,人物等因素。
新闻报道：首句往往概括事件全貌。
应用文：字里行间找所需信息。
逆读法
广告类、说明文类文章要带着问题去找对应的时间、地点、人物；
顺序定位法
阅读后面的题一般来说与文章内容的顺序是一致的；
主题句寻找main idea法
（topic sentence, best title, best topic etc.）;2 阅读理解 （三）注意事项
1. 所选有据，避免主观臆断。
2. 阅读题要求选 最佳答案，有的答案从某个枝节来看是对
的，但从全文来看则不是最佳的，因此，必须通盘考虑，
取主要信息，紧扣文章主旨，舍枝节。
3. 遇到生词是正常的，千万不要惊慌，不会对文章的主旨有
太大的影响。词义猜测题，猜词如游戏，对比上下文。
4. 特别提醒：要相信自己的第一感觉，如果需要修改所选答
案，必须在文章找到足够的证据。2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷阅读理解——语篇导读
2018年高考英语浙江卷阅读理解涵盖人与社会、人与自然两大主题。体裁以议论文
和说明文为主。三篇文章都比较有深度，内容丰富，语言地道。
A篇论述了狄更斯的文学地位，以此来纪念这位文学巨人。《普通高中英语课程》
（2017年版）文化知识内容要求（必修）中提到“了解英美等国家主要的文学家、艺
术家、科学家、政治家及其成就、贡献等”。通过阅读此文，学生能够了解狄更斯的
文学成就对世界文学的巨大影响，从而有助于他们文化知识的积累。
B篇与环保有关，开头充满悬念。现在很多购物场所不再免费提供塑料袋，因为塑
料袋影响环境，然而塑料袋制造商却希望向公众传达这样一个信息——他们的产品没
有人们想象的那么糟糕。文末，环境学家提出了他们的希望。阅读此类文章有助于提
升学生分析和解决问题的能力、培养学生的批判性思维。
C篇分析了美国的汽车工业发展对美国社会文化和环境的影响。本文语言较为抽象，
其中引用了美国第31任总统胡佛的竞选口号“每个锅里都有鸡，每个车库都有车”，
文末引用了美国作家一本书中的话，指出绿色经济才是长远发展之道。文中涉及了较
多的文化背景知识。2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷A篇——语篇结构和特征
In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been
writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—but nobody
wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy
（识字） rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the
authors, often with something like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly,
immoral, or just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher,
famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and
whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim— were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens’
greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature would make
about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.
How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers
game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the
Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It’s
partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. It’s partly that his
writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of
literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and
luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is
possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.
关注文本结构，
梳理语篇文脉。
（人物传记类）21. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?
A. They were difficult to understand.
B. They were popular among the rich.
C. They were seen as nearly worthless.
D. They were written mostly by women.
2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷A篇——解题思路和技巧
In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in
Britain. People had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel
to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-
powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England
was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often
with something like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly,
immoral, or just plain bad.
细节理解题，理解文中具体信息，考查逻辑性思维2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷A篇——解题思路和技巧
In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer
and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of
novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim—
were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Removing
him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature would make about as much
sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.
22. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________.
A. his reputation in France
B. his interest in modern art
C. his success in publication
D. his importance in literature
推理判断题答题技巧：
(1)定位细节。根据题干提供的信
息，到原文中去抓关键信息。
(2)揣摩细节。对原文中的关键信
息进行分析、推理和判断，利用
逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断
出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
推理判断题，根据所读内容作出判断和推理，考查评判性思维2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷A篇——解题思路和技巧
How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature
is a numbers game…. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and
scientific progress. But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself
at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made
Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth
approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he
made himself a lasting one.
23. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To remember a great writer.
B. To introduce an English novel.
C. To encourage studies on culture.
D. To promote values of the Victorian age.
写作意图题，理解作者的意图、观点和态度，考查评判性思维
技巧点拨 ：
根据文体类别推断写作
目的，本篇人物传记，
介绍生平，纪念伟大。2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷B篇——语篇结构和特征
Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s
an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as
they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry
behind the plastic shopping bags.
Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree
branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台). The
bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-
bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet
as most people assume.
Among the bag makers' argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags,
which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may
be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.
The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping
bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out.
However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton
bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.
Environmentalists don't dispute(质疑) these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too
and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.
建构内在逻辑，
厘清文本结构。
（正反议论文）2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷B篇——解题思路和技巧
Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you
consider that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including
things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more
interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping
bags.
Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end
up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them
at checkouts(收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including
Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein
to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.
24. What has Steven Stein been hired to do?
A. Help increase grocery sales. B. Recycle the waste material.
C. Stop things falling off trucks. D. Argue for the use of plastic bags.
细节理解题，理解文中具体信息，考查逻辑性思维2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷B篇——解题思路和技巧
Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in
tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at
checkouts(收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los
Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to
make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.
25. What does the word “headwinds” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Bans on plastic bags. B. Effects of city development.
C. Headaches caused by garbage. D. Plastic bags hung in trees.
词义猜测题，理解文章的基本结构，考查逻辑性思维
词义猜测题:
1. 不管这个词多超纲，都能根据上下文得出其意思。
2. 不管这个词多熟悉，都要通过上下文得出其在特定语境中的意思。2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷B篇——解题思路和技巧
The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement:
reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more
plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more
energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be
better for the planet than plastic.
26. What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?
A. They are quite expensive. B. Replacing them can be difficult.
C. They are less strong than plastic bags. D. Producing them requires more energy.
细节理解题，理解文中具体信息，考查评判性思维2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷B篇——解题思路和技巧
Among the bag makers' argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to
purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and
transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small
percentage of all garbage on the ground today.
The industry….
Environmentalists don't dispute(质疑) these points. They hope paper bags will be
banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.
27. What is the best title for the text?
A. Plastic, Paper or Neither
B. Industry, Pollution and Environment
C. Recycle or Throw Away
D. Garbage Collection and Waste Control
主旨大意题，理解文章的主旨要义，考查创造性思维2 阅读理解 好的标题应具备三大特点
标题
A概括——准确而又简短
B醒目——能引发读者的阅读欲望
C针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷C篇——语篇结构和特征
As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette
Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line（装配线） on September 27,
1908. Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen
million of them.
Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting
aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of
the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American—going forward at high speed to find
new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant
petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in
history.
In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with “a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.”
Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a
farm-based society into an industrial
The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America
the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.
The problems of excessive(过度的) energy consumption, climate change and population growth have
been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for
the best.
Friedman points out that the green economy(经济) is a chance to keep American strength. “The ability
to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and
abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”
提出汽车文化现象
对社会文化的影响
带来的环境问题
未来发展之路
明晰篇章类型，
问题解决模式。
（说明文）2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷C篇——解题思路和技巧
Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the
most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel,
even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to
be American—going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road
movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars
and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.
28. Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?
A. To explain Americans’ love for travelling by car.
B. To show the influence of cars on American culture.
C. To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.
D. To praise the effectiveness of America’s road system.
推理判断题，根据所读内容作出判断和推理，考查评判性思维
推理判断题技巧：
1. 不选择照抄原文的选项，要
选择要有同义词解释的选项。
2. 不选事实细节选项
3. 不选非事实选项
4. 选概括性/哲理性的选项2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷C篇——解题思路和技巧
The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological
disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.
The problems of excessive(过 度 的 ) energy consumption, climate change and
population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L.
Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.
29. What has the use of cars in America led to?
A. Decline of economy. B. Environmental problems.
C. A shortage of oil supply. D. A farm-based society.
细节理解题，理解文中具体信息，考查逻辑性思维2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷C篇——解题思路和技巧
The problems of excessive(过度的) energy consumption, climate change and population
growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He
fears the worst, but hopes for the best.
Friedman points out that the green economy(经济) is a chance to keep American
strength. “The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean
water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in
the new century.”
30. What is Friedman’s attitude towards America’s future?
A. Ambiguous. B. Doubtful. C. Hopeful. D. Tolerant.
态度观点题，根据所读内容作出判断和推理，考查评判性思维2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷阅读理解——数据统计2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷阅读理解——考查技能
阅读技能 题号 题数 占比
理解主旨要义 27 1 10%
理解文中具体信息 21、24、26、29 4 40%
理解文章的基本结构 25 1 10%
根据所读内容作出判断和推理 22、28、30 3 30%
理解作者的意图、观点和态度 23 1 10%
阅读理解试题以理解文中具体信息和根据所读内容作出判断和推
理为主，兼顾理解主旨要义、理解文章的基本结构、理解作者的意图等深
层次技能的考查。
考查逻辑性思维的有4个小题（第21、24、25、29小题）、评判性思
维的有5个小题（第22、23、26、28、30小题）、创造性思维的有1个小题
（第27小题）。2 阅读理解 2018年6月浙江卷阅读理解——题目与原文的对应关系
题目与原文关系 题号 题数 占比
直接 21、24、26、29 4 40%
间接 22、23、25、27、28、30 6 60%
直接性题目和间接性题目的比例为4:6，这充分说明了高考英语试题
注重对考生推理判断能力的考查。
如果题目和原文的关系是直接的，那么学生就能从原文中直接找到答案，
题目的难度自然就比较低。
如果题目和原文的关系是间接的，那么学生就不能直接从原文中找到答
案，题目的难度自然就比较高。如果选项也是对原文的转述，那么题目的
难度会更加大。1
2
3 完形填空
4
七选五
5
目 录
Contents
6
语法填空
作文：应用文
阅读理解
短文改错3 七选五 2018年6月浙江卷七选五——语篇导读
这篇文章的选材涉及学生熟悉的话题，内容贴近学生日常生活。选材理念
符合《普通高中英语课程标准》（2017年版）当中提到的课程的基本理念之一“
发展英语学科核心素养，落实立德树人根本任务”，指导青少年在日常生活当中
如何进行邻里相处，体现了语言学习在德育方面的功能。
七选五阅读材料是一篇结构比较清晰的说明文，考查考生对文章的整体内容
和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。文章就乔迁新居后如何更好更快地融
入新社区提出了几点建议，如保持清洁卫生、做个热情的有心人等。文章长度和
难度适中。
设题方面，层次分布较均匀。该题型考查了语篇衔接中的连接、同义等技
能，体现了句与句之间的因果、顺序、举例、总分等关系，涉及了段落层次和语
篇层次两种设题类型。3 七选五 2018年6月浙江卷七选五——语篇结构和特征
Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want
to make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your neighborhood. The easiest
way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.
_____31_____. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly
Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your
property(房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. ____32____ By choosing to keep the outside of the
home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.
Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going for a walk, take
along a small garbage bag. _____33_____ This small act will let your neighbors know that you
care about the area.
______34______ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers.
If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Let them know that you are
there to help in any way this acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.
______35______ By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs
to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly
become a good neighbor that everyone appreciate.
总分关系
（说明文）3 七选五 2018年6月浙江卷七选五——解题思路和技巧
Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course,
you want to make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your
neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as
a good neighbor should. _____31_____
G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.
Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep
your property(房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. ____32____ By choosing to keep
the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the
area.
Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going for a
walk, take along a small garbage bag. _____33_____ This small act will let your
neighbors know that you care about the area.
7选5考查的是语篇的连贯性和
一致性，TCL：Topic →
Coherence（一致性）→ Logic
因此就要使用到各种达到连贯
目的的各种衔接手段，即：词汇
衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。3 七选五 2018年6月浙江卷七选五——解题思路和技巧
Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your
property(房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. ____32____ By choosing to keep the outside of the
home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.
Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going for a walk, take
along a small garbage bag. _____33_____ This small act will let your neighbors know that you
care about the area.
F. People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.
E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.
词汇衔接----词汇同现法：属于同一词汇搭配范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章
中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。如，32题“neat, clean, and in good repair，in
great shape, fresh and inviting”是同义复现，而三个“keep”是同词复现。33题同理。3 七选五 2018年6月浙江卷七选五——解题思路和技巧
______34______ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and
newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Let them
know that you are there to help in any way this acceptable, while still respecting the
privacy of your neighbor.
______35______ By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what
belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you
will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciate.
B. A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.
C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.
逻辑衔接----逻辑关系线索：从行文逻辑上判断:总分、并列、递进、因果、
转折、让步、时间或解释关系（上下义关系）。如，34、35题都是上义词“in small
ways”、“considerate behavior”在段首句，统领段中的下义词，从而形成结构衔接。3 七选五 2018年6月浙江卷七选五——数据统计1
2
阅读理解
3 完形填空
4
七选五
5
目 录
Contents
6
语法填空
作文：应用文
短文改错4 完形填空 2018年6月浙江卷完形填空——语篇导读
这篇完形填空是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者认为，越忙的人越可能把事做好，时间“
过多”反而可能使人淡化时间意识，患上“拖延症”。这篇文章的选材涉及学生熟悉的
话题，内容贴近学生日常生活。如何进行有效的时间管理也是学生们生活当中面临的问
题，因此该话题很容易在考生当中引起共鸣，考生可从中领会一些关于时间管理的艺术。
该完形填空考点分布合理，不仅考查学生在语境中运用语言知识的能力，同时也
考查学生分析、推断上下文逻辑关系的能力。考点覆盖全面，布局合理。涵盖了句子层
次、段落层次和语篇层次的考查。考查以实词为主。4 完形填空
We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it ___36___ to have too much?
I___37___back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also ___38___a team sport.
By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it ____39____
When I got into college, things ___40___. I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time.
Because of all this ____41____ there was no sense of ____42____ to do my school work
immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became ___43___. Once that
happened, I just kept___44___my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the
point where I was_____45_____really late at night to get my work alone.
2018年6月浙江卷完形填空——解题点拨
39. A. at last B. right away C. of course D. mattered
40. A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered
41. A. extra B. difficult C. valuable D. limited
42. A. duty B. achievement C. urgency D. direction
43. A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit
44. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling
45. A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showing off
1.利用词语同现解题: 某些语义相
关联的词语在语篇中有同时出现的倾向性，
叫词语同现。同现词之间有同类互补或相对
关系等。如ill, hospital, doctor, nurse,
operation, medicine等一群相互关联的词语
就有同时出现在一个语篇中的可能性。根据
这种“同现”关系可确定某一空格的答案。
如本篇中“only had a few hours , right
away, immediately, urgency ”都是意思相近
的表达方式，或者解释性的语言复现。4 完形填空
We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it ___36___ to have too much?
I___37___back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also ___38___a team sport.
By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it ____39____
When I got into college, things ___40___. I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time.
Because of all this ____41____ there was no sense of ____42____ to do my school work
immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became ___43___. Once that
happened, I just kept___44___my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the
point where I was_____45_____really late at night to get my work alone.
2018年6月浙江卷完形填空——解题点拨
39. A. at last B. right away C. of course D. mattered
40. A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered
41. A. extra B. difficult C. valuable D. limited
42. A. duty B. achievement C. urgency D. direction
43. A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit
44. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling
45. A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showing off
2.利用逻辑关系解题：
从作者上大学前后变化“change”
所带出的语境逻辑，与之前的“忙
碌”截然相反的是“extra, action of
waiting , push back, staying up ”等
一些“松散拖延”的语域。4 完形填空 2018年6月浙江卷完形填空——解题点拨
利用
逻辑关系语
解题
利用
上下文暗示
解题
利用
逻辑关系
解题
逻辑关系语指表示各种逻辑意义的连接成分，主要有：
①词(包括连词、副词和少数介词)，如and, but, or,
because, though, however, yet, therefore,
otherwise, despite等。②短语，如in other
words, in addition, as a result, on the
contrary, instead of 等。③分句和独立结构，如
that is to say, what is more, generally
speaking等。在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑关系语，
找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项。
在完形填空选项的设置上多考查考生通过上下文的
前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。因
此，在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要
把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，
进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。开头的题目需要从下文
查找信息；中间或最后的题目需要从上下文查找信
息，信息常见的有单个的词、短语、句子，但有时
是语境暗示。4 完形填空 2018年6月浙江卷完形填空——解题点拨
48. A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding
49. A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply
50. A. childhood B. college C. town D. business
51. A. quit B. found C. accepted D. kept
52. A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way
53. A. saving B. filling up C. giving up D. trading
55. A. careful B. busy C. reliable D. kind
We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it ___36___ to have too much?
… …
One day I _____46_____ a former classmate of mine who was _____47_____ a lot of money
running a sideline(副业). Since his regular job was _____48_____, I asked him why he just didn't do
his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would _____49_____ have too much time and
would just do what I did back in _____50_____. He said that if he _____51_____the job, he would
lose his _____52_____ to work and succeed.
So, try _____53_____ your time with other work. This is why there is a _____54_____ that if you
want something done, ask a _____55_____person to do it.3.利用语篇文脉解题：从开篇
点题but is it possible to have too much
time?到尾段呼应try filling up your time
with other work，全文以“对时间利用的
经历感悟”为主线。 从“quit the job”到
“lose his drive”，从“filling up your time
”到“a busy person ”，文脉通畅，一气呵
成。4 完形填空 2018年6月浙江卷完形填空——解题点拨
利用
首尾呼应关系
解题
利用
文章发展脉络
解题
利用
语篇文脉
解题
记叙文类的完形填空在很多情况下不仅仅是
在讲一个故事，而是要通过故事来升华主题，
而升华的内容往往在文章结尾处，与首段内容
形成首尾呼应关系。因此，我们做题不是只看
到最后一空，而是要看到最后一个词，而且要
学会“回头看”(重点看首段)。不要因我们过早
地放松，忽略了首尾呼应关系，在最后一两道
题上留下遗憾。
我们主张在做完形填空的时候要合理想象，
其实就是合理思考和推理，不能“胡思乱想
”，应“随文应变”，不可“一意孤行”，
要随着文段发展脉络，把握情感态度，调整
预测偏差。4 完形填空 完形填空失分原因小结
1.没有严格遵循答题步骤:
多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线
索的情况下匆忙答题。事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-16
分钟.切记: 一定要用2-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉
络后再着手逐个填空.
2. 不注意积累答题技巧:
a. 忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;
b. 遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作
出选择.
3. 考前需强化五种意识:
词汇语法意识，上下文意识，主题思想意识，社会生活体验意识，
跨文化意识。1
2
阅读理解
3 完形填空
4
七选五
5
目 录
Contents
6
语法填空
作文：应用文
短文改错5 语法填空 （一）2016年10月浙江卷
Magic Touch
From my hotel room window, I could see a large advertisement board with his face on
it: Jason, the Great Magician.
I absent-mindedly turned the 56 (page) of the phone book and came across a city
map. Drinking my iced coffee I ran my fingers along the streets 57 the hotel to the
opera hall. Not more 58 a half-hour walk, I thought.
I looked 59 (quick) at the clock. The show starts in one hour；plenty of time! I
drank the rest of my coffee and went to take a shower. Soon after, I was on my way to
the show, 60 (carry) a fancy black handbag and a happy smile.
The hall was dark when I came in; the show was about 61 (begin). I made my way
backstage just 62 the great magician was putting on his hot hat.
“Daddy, I’m so glad to see you, ” I 63 (whisper). “I’m in town for the writer’s class,
but I just couldn’t miss your show.” I gave him a quick hug and went back into the
seating area, leaving him with a 64 (surprise) smile. I settled down in the darkness,
and the curtains opened.
Magically, that show remains the Great Jason’s best 65 (perform) to this day.5 语法填空 （一）2016年10月浙江卷 ——答题分析和语篇解读
56.pages 正答率95.4%
57.from 正答率72.7%， 错误答案：to 错因：没有深入理解“我的手指沿着地图从…直到…, 不足半个小时步
行路程”，from…to…句意连贯没弄清，跨句际的逻辑关联和推理能力较弱。
58.than 正答率98.9%
59.quickly 正答率98.9%
60.carrying 正答率86.4% 错因：词形变化混淆，变y为i加carriing；分词做状语，主动和被动分不清，carried
61.to begin 正答率40.9% 错因：没有深入语篇阅读，仅靠思维定式，介词后加动名词beginning
62.as/when 正答率40.9% 错因：before/where/which, 对从句及连接词的辨析是学生最大的问题。从语篇的角度，
上题“演出正要开始”与此题“正在此时…”形成了一个语义上的连贯，通过 “be about to do…when…”搭配进
行
形式上的衔接。
63.whispered 正答率96.6%
64.surprised 正答率85.2% 错因：特殊用法: -ed 形容词通常直接用于说明人，若修饰事物，则多为 air(神态)
/appearance(外貌)/ cry/ laughter/ tears/ face /smiles /expression/ voice/ mood(情绪)等显示某人的情感状况的名词。
65.performance 正答率76.1% 错因：词形变化记忆混乱，单词拼写错误。
答题分析：词形变换、从句、非谓语动词、谓语动词时态语态、没有提示词的纯空格逻辑分析题（通常考
查冠词、介词、代词和连接词以及功能性结构副词）是学生语言知识点复习的难点；语法填空（Rational cloze）中
的“Rational”是基于理性的语篇型完形填空，语篇的衔接连贯和理解语篇的深层意义是学生语法填空题提分的关
键。
语篇解读：本文首段埋下伏笔，逐步制造父子之间的一场美丽的遇见，渲染亲情，心理活动描写细腻，文字优
美（absent-mindedly，ran my fingers，made my way， leaving him with a surprised smile, settled down in the
darkness, Magically），语篇选材具有很高的思想性和艺术性。“but I just couldn’t miss your show”, 让人潸然泪下，
我们会思考，在我们每个人的生命里，都会遇到各种各样的陪伴，你会怎样陪伴你生命中最重要的人呢？5 语法填空 （二）2017年6月浙江卷
Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a
handful of small 56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something
made her look closer, and she noticed a 57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the
leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.
Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house.
“She thought I had hurt 59 (I),” says Pahlsson. Sixteen years 60 (early),
Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put
the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters-then
ten. eight, and six- had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn‘t. Pahlsson and her
husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. "I
gave up hope of finding my ring again," she says. She never replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a
pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64 it remained until the
carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was
65 wonder.
56. carrots 57. shiny/shining
58. so 59. myself 60. earlier
61. to cook 62. searched
63. swept 64. where 65. a5 语法填空 2017年6月浙江卷——重视句子分析
1.充分了解英语中各种词性的用途，如形容词修饰名词，副词 修饰动词、
形容词、副词以及句子。
But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 57 (shine)
object.（形容词修饰名词）
2.熟练掌握各种语法知识，尤其是时态语态、非谓语动词和复合句。
Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every
corner, but turned up nothing.（时态一致性）
3. 认真读题分析句子成分，切忌图快而忽视了一些显而易见的结构。
Sixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring
61 (cook) a meal.(摘下戒指的目的是为了做饭)5 语法填空 （一）Where引导定从
Pahlsson and her husband now
think the ring probably got 63
(sweep) into a pile of kitchen
rubbish and was spread over the
garden, 64 it remained until
the carrot's leafy top accidentally
sprouted (生长) through it.
帕尔松和她的丈夫现在认为，这枚戒指可能
是被扫进了一堆厨房垃圾里，并散落在花园
里，一直留在那里，直到胡萝卜叶子茂盛的
顶端不小心从里面长出来。5 语法填空 （二）括号内提供的是动词5 语法填空 （三）主从与定从中连接词
what、that、which的误用
名词性从句 定语从句
what
有意义，泛指“…的东西/事情/
话语/地方/时候”等。在从句中
常作主语、宾语、定语。
what 不能引导定从
that 不充当任何成分且无意义，只
起连接作用，常可省略。
有意义，指代先行词（人或物），
在从句中常作主语、宾语。
which
有意义，具体指代“…的东西/
事情”等。在从句中常作主语、
宾语、定语。
有意义，指代先行词（物），在
从句中常作主语、宾语。可引导
非限制性定语从句；可位于介词
之后。英语语法教学的
三个转向
英语语法教学转
向的实施原则
基于教学转向的
语法实践
总结
引言
引 言
46
A… ./; B…
逗号粘连错误
A… , （主语一致）B
悬垂修饰语
A… , （主语不一致）B
独立主格/with复合结构
A… , （连词）B
逗号使用
三 四
二一
懂句法
明句理
（四）重视句子的学习，标点符号的作用语法填空5
逗号粘连错误: 在英语写作标点符号的使用中，出错概率最高的是关于逗号的误
用，而且该错误是句子结构中的最严重的问题。主要体现在用逗号连接两个独立
的句子、用逗号连接两个谓语动词。5 语法填空 （四）重视句子的学习，一句多译：
The student wasn’t paying attention in class, (眼睛盯着)the
tree in front of the classroom.(fix)
①with his eyes on
②his eyes on
③ his eyes on
④but his eyes on /he his eyes on
⑤whose eyes on /who his eyes on
fixed（with复合结构）
fixed（独立主格结构）
fixing（现在分词作伴随状语，表主动）
were fixed; fixed/ was fixing（but连接并列句）
were fixed; fixed/ was fixing（定语从句）5 语法填空 （四）2017年11月浙江卷
Easy Ways to Build Vocabulary
It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in
life, it’s __56__ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there’s enough
room for improvement, __57__means you’ll just keep getting better and better. Of
course you have to work at it. You wouldn’t think that a few __58__(month) of exercise
in your teens would be enough __59__ the rest of your life, and that’s also true for
building your vocabulary--you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that
you have an excellent vocabulary.
One of the __60__(effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to
__61__(real) read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn’t as hard
as it __62__(sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your
vocabulary while __63__(read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is
that you learn both new words and __64__(they) use unconsciously, meaning that you
will tend to use the words __65__(learn) this way in conversations almost automatically.
56. an 57. which
58. months 59. for
60. effective 61. really 62. sounds
63. reading 64. their 65. learnt尽管有提示词，
拼写仍要小心！
多检查大小写，
尤其是CcSsWwIi！
（四）2017年11月浙江卷 —— 从拼写到书写5 语法填空5 语法填空 （四）2018年6月浙江卷
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese
___56___(dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners ___57___ come to
China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ___58___
can be to eat out. I still remember ___59___ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five
years and I ___60___(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to ___61___(become) common for many young
people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once
or twice a week may be ___62___(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could
be an even ___63___ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a
direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in
___64___(weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to
your mum’s home ____65____ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can
be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your
pocket.
56. dishes 57. who/that 58. it
59. visiting 60. was shocked
61. have become 62. affordable
63. higher 64. weight 65. for5 语法填空 （二）2018年6月浙江卷 —— 重视构词法的复习
1.词形变换（3题） 后缀： 62. affordable
比较级 ： 63. higher
词性转换：64. weight
2.名词复数（1题） 56. dishes
3.动词四式 （3题）
非谓动词（1题） 59. visiting
时态语态（2题） 60. was shocked（被动语态）
61. have become （时态） 5 语法填空 重视构词法的复习——容易拼写错误的单词
1．该双写却没有双写的单词
unforgettable, written ,
inferred, referred , occurred, regretting, robbed , permitted, forgetting,
wrapping, preferred, begged, hugged; planned; dropped, winning, cutting,
beginning, hitting
2．不该双写却双写的单词（括号中为错词）
writing (writting) , eaten (eatten) , suffer (suf
ferred)
3．词性变化时必须去掉字母e的单词
unbelievable, valuable, argument, truly, gently
4．词性变化时不能去掉字母e的单词
(un) changeable, (re) chargeable, hopeful, envelo
pe，moveable
5．变化非常特别的单词 panic-panicked-panicking5 语法填空 重视构词法的复习——需强化记忆的词形变化
1．动词变名词
pronounce , explain , prepare
combine , recommend , laugh
consider → consideration, recognize →recognition, occupy → occupation
permit → permission, admit →admission,
conclude → conclusion, decide → decision, describe → description
survive → survival→ survivor, arrive → arrival, approve → approval
perform → performance, apologize → apology, acquire → acquisition
apply → applicant申请人→ application-申请
to one’s (satisfy/astonish/annoy/amaze/disappoint/relieve/embarrass)
→satisfaction/ astonishment/annoyance /amazement / disappointment/
relief/ embarrassment) →→ “in + 上述名词”，表“处于…状态”
→ pronunciation → explanation → preparation
→ combination → recommendation → laughter 5 语法填空
2.名词变形容词
nature → natural, benefit → beneficial
3.形容词变名词
wise/free →→wisdom/freedom
high/weigh→→height/weight
short/marry →→shortage /marriage
strong/long/deep/wide/grow/dead/warm→→
strength/length/depth/width/growth/death/warmth
curious/ various/anxious/able/responsible/popular→→
curiosity/variety/anxiety/ability/responsibility/popularity
4. 形容词变动词
deep/ fast/ class/ identity/ beauty/ simple/ modern/ popular→→
deepen/ fasten/ classify/ identify/ beautify/simplify/modernize/ popularize
重视构词法的复习——需强化记忆的词形变化5 语法填空
7．形容词变副词，不去e的单词(绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的直接加-ly)
unfortunate →unfortunately, immediate → immediately,
absolute→absolutely, rude → rudely, approximate →
approximately,
desperate→desperately, large → largely, accurate → accurately
但true-truly, whole-wholly !
8．形容词变副词，以辅音字母加le结尾时, 去e加y (以-ble，pIe结尾 )
simple → simply, impossible → impossibly，
probable → probably，uncomfortable → uncomfortably
9.形容词变副词，以ic 结尾的词，加ally
economic → economically; basic →basically; scientific →
scientifically;
automatic → automatically; energetic → energetically;
但是public → publicly 例外
重视构词法的复习——特殊的词形变化5 语法填空 （五）2018年11月浙江卷
Caffeine, a chemical typically found in coffee, has caused a lot of concern because it is
one of the few drugs that show up regularly in our food supply. You probably
56_______(use) caffeine since childhood. Caffeine 57_______(be) in your first Coke. If
you ever enjoyed a chocolate bar, you ate caffeine. Soft drinks are the major source (来源
) of caffeine for most children and even some adults. 58_______(recent), caffeine has
found its way into orange, apple, and other flavored drinks.
Small amounts of caffeine ---- a cup 59_______ two of coffee a day ---- seem safe for
most people. However, some people have trouble with even small amounts. One cup of
coffee 60_______ the late afternoon or evening will cause 61_______(they) to stay awake
almost all night. Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem 62_______(call)
caffeinism. You get very nervous and you can’t sleep.
It is possible 63_______ caffeine may cause birth defects (缺陷) in humans, too. One
study showed that 64_______(woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups
per day, while they were pregnant were more likely 65_______(have) children with birth
defects.
56. have been using/have used 57.
was
58. Recently 59. or
60.in
61. them 62. called
63. that
64. women 65. to have5 语法填空 （五）2018年11月浙江卷 ——从语法到篇章
You probably 56_______(use) caffeine since childhood.
Caffeine 57_______(be) in your first Coke.
1.把握语境，重视语篇的理解。
2.关注语篇的层次和主题。语法填空不不是是见见空空填填空空，，要把所填词放在句句中中、、句句
际、段际去综合考虑际、段际去综合考虑，，尤其是无提示词的填空。尤其是无提示词的填空。
3.抓住语篇的文脉，明晰语篇中“词汇+语法”是如何衔接与连贯的，了解作
者的预先设定和布局谋篇的思想。1
2
阅读理解
3 完形填空
4
七选五
5
目 录
Contents
6
短文改错
作文：应用文
语法填空6-1 应用文 （一）容易拼写错误的单词
1. 是 or 不是er:
professor, visitor, translator, director, editor, educator, actor, inventor,
competitor, conductor ,monitor
2．容易丢掉一个字母的单词
（1）容易丢掉字母n：government，environment，environmental
（2）容易丢掉不发音的字母：Christmas，Wednesday
（3）拼写比较特别的单词：committee，guarantee，dilemma，
opportunity，bridegroom，spokesman，succeed，competition，
February
3．容易多或少一个字母的单词（括号中为错词）
develop (develope) , habit (habbit) , proud (pround)
,modern (mordern) , until (untill) , souvenir (souvenire) ,similar (similiar),
ninth (nineth),
forty(fourty), healthier(healther),（二）容易错误拼写的熟词
1. 星期一 2.星期二 3.星期三 4.星期四 5.星期五 6.
星期六 7.星期日 1.Monday 2.Tuesday3.Wednesday 4.Thursday 5.Friday 6.Saturday 7.Sunday
1. January 2. February
3. March 4. April
5. May 6. June
7. July 8. August
9.September 10.October
11.November 12. December
月份的拼写：
6-1 应用文（三）基数词转化为序数词
比较特殊的单词
one一 first, two一 second, three一third, five一fifth, eight一
eighth, nine
一ninth, twelve一twelfth
整数位的一ty要改为一tieth，如twenty一twentieth, sixty一sixtieth
注意这些数词的变化：four一fourteen一forty , five一fifteen一fifty拼写训练：1. 第四 2. 第五 3. 第八 4.第九
5.第十二 6. 第十三 7. 第十五 8. 第十九
9. 第二十 10. 第三十 11. 第四十 12. 第五十
13. 第九十 14. 第一百答案：1.fourth 2. fifth 3. eighth 4. ninth 5.twelfth 6. thirteenth
7.fifteenth 8. nineteenth 9. twentieth 10. thirtieth 11. fortieth 12.
fiftieth 13. ninetieth 14. one hundredth
6-1 应用文（四）时间地点的表达
1. 一般来说,地点在前,时间在后。如：人物-地点-时 间
她上周五和她妈妈在花园里浇花
She watered the flowers with her mother in the garden last Friday.
2. 若想表明是上午/下午，可在时间后加上a.m./ p.m.
eg：we’ll get together at the school gate at 7:30 am. June 21st, 2019
3. 时间地点均由小到大：at half past eight on June 21st, 1996
4. 月份+序数词
eg：2001年4月2日→ April 2nd, 2011.（序数词熟记规律：1 2 3
st nd rd 。8后少t ，9少e即eighth，ninth，整十数把y变ie）
eg：during the dates of 1st to 10th May
5. “在…”， last/next/this Wednesday/week 前不加介词in/on.
6-1 应用文 假如你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来
访的外国中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：
1.口语能力；
2.相关经验；
3.应聘目的。
注意：1.字数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考试题应用文写作
——Letter of Application6-1 应用文
2018年06月高考试题应用文写作——答题要领
文体 书信体，要求有书信完整的格式（称谓、正文、结语、落款）
结构 写信目的→ 介绍自己特长→应聘目的→表达期待和愿望
要点 1.写信目的；2.口语能力；3.相关经验；4.应聘目的
语言
这是一封学生写校英语协会负责人的应聘信，遣词造句要比较正式，
要求言简意赅，字字珠玑，同时说话语气要礼貌得体。假定你是李华，乘坐FL753航
班抵达伦敦后发现钱包遗失。
请给航空公司写一封邮件说
明情况并寻求帮助。
行程信息
钱包特征
联系方式
6-1 应用文 2018年11月高考试题应用文写作
——Letter of asking for help 6-1 应用文
2018年11月高考试题应用文写作——答题要领
文体 书信体，要求有书信完整的格式（称谓、正文、结语、落款）
结构 写信目的→介绍行程信息→描述钱包特征→提供联系方式和表达期
待
要点 1.写信目的；2. 行程信息；3. 钱包特征；4. 联系方式。
语言
这是一封乘客写给航空公司的求助信，遣词造句要比较正式，要求
言简意赅，叙事准确，同时说话语气要礼貌得体。完整(Completeness)
礼貌(Courtesy)
连贯(Coherence)简要(Conciseness)
清楚(Clarity)
6-1 应用文 应用文写作的5C原则6-1 应用文 运用“5C”原则，减少不必失误
1.Completeness（内容完整）：
考生必须熟知书信类应用文的格式，准确写出称呼语、正文、结束语、
签名，以符合英语的写作习惯。
有很多学生写出“Dear classmates”, “Dear fellow students” 称呼语，是
没有定位好人物关系的不得体的表达。写信人是向英语协会的负责教师递
交应聘信，因此正确的称呼语是 “Dear Sir or Madam”, “Dear teacher”,
“To whom it may concern”等。
有学生写出“I take the flight FL753 to London. Upon arrival, I noticed
my wallet losing, which makes me extremely anxious. ” 这句表达中缺少航
班的日期，且时态错乱，这样的求助让航空公司无法获取有效信息而无能
为力。6-1 应用文 运用“5C”原则，减少不必失误
2. Clarity（表述清楚）：
审题要准确，内容要清楚。不少学生审题不清，写成了招聘信
（Volunteer Wanted）或通知（Notice），属于未完成或未适当完成
试题规定的任务，分数降到第二档或第一档。
“联系方式”要求具体详实，有些学生只提到联系“Please
contact me at any time” 但没有具体方式，不能体现实际交际功能。有
些学生写出了e-mail的地址“Contact me at xxx@hotmail.com. ” 这是
没有考虑到发邮件时自带地址的。6-1 应用文 运用“5C”原则，减少不必失误
3. Conciseness（语言简洁）：应聘信的语言应简洁明了，力求
主旨鲜明、词决意畅。
有些学生受读后续写描述性语言的影响，在应用文写作中使用心
理描写或环境描写的句子，如“Driven by deep curiosity and
interest, and to have a further exploration about foreign culture, I
was desperate for the volunteer work.”/ “Attributing to its
magnificant importance, I’m now writing in quivering and sweat-
drenched hands with downright apprehension and anxiety. ” 这种语
言过于繁琐和夸张，给人不真实的感觉，因此达不到良好的表达效
果。6-1 应用文 运用“5C”原则，减少不必失误
4. Coherence（行文连贯）：
“按照内容要点展开写作，使用恰当的连接词和表达法使文章内容连
贯”是应用文评分的主要依据之一。
例如：口语能力——“I am suitable for this job as I can express myself
freely in English” 因果逻辑关系严密；
相关经验——“I have some similar work experience, working as a
volunteer last year at an international conference” 用事实说话；
应聘目的——“I love our school and” 展示个人自信和热爱集体的积
极人生观。I hope I will have a chance to introduce our school to foreign
guests in my own way
所以读者能跟上写作者的推理思路和内在逻辑，实现了真正意义上的
连贯。6-1 应用文 运用“5C”原则，减少不必失误
5. Courtesy（语气礼节）：
求职者与招聘人是较正式的公务关系，语气要礼貌自然，不要趾高
气扬，也不卑躬屈膝，而应该抱着双方平等的态度。
然而有学生写出“So important is this activity that you can give me a
rapid answer. I’m greatly convinced you won’t make me depressed”这
样的结束语，语气咄咄逼人，缺乏理解尊重，缺乏共情能力，表达很不
得体。2018年06月高考 应用文写作
——中档作文分析Dear leader of School English Club,
I’m Li Hua, who want to be an volunteer for greeting foreign friends.
Delightful and excited, I jump and run, only wanting to thank you for
your reading. As a confident student, I not only have great ability of
English expression, but also I have passed CET six. Never in your wildest
dream had you thought that I ever took part in international English
competition and won the champion. However, I am not satisfied with the
success of the grades. Thus, I hope that I could join your club in order to
improve my ability. Meanwhile, I also want to make contribution for the
communication of China and other countries.
Looking forward to your earliest reply.
Yours,
Li Hua逻辑性较弱
过多描述性语言，未能做到言简意赅
不能切中要点
6-1 应用文Dear Sir /Madam,
I am writing to apply for the post of volunteer advertised in the school newspaper. I
found this position quite appealing and I am well qualified for the job.
First, I have a good command of spoken English, contributing to my interaction with
foreign friends. Second, I have previous experience working as a volunteer for G20 so I can
communicate with foreigners without any obstacle. Besides, I think it an excellent
opportunity to broaden horizons and improve social skills.
I’d highly appreciate it if you could give me the chance. Looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
作者严格按照题目要求，抓住主要点，层层推进。在
次要点上合理拓展，如“have previous experience working as
a volunteer for G20”，这是很有价值的独特的闪光点，易受招
聘者的青睐。当然阅卷老师也喜欢这样的有创意的“G20经历
”，体现了浙江地域特色和社会时代感。
内容
要点
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考 应用文写作
——点评优秀作品1，明确高分技巧Dear Sir /Madam,
I am writing to apply for the post of volunteer advertised in the school newspaper. I
found this position quite appealing and I am well qualified for the job.
First, I have a good command of spoken English, contributing to my interaction with
foreign friends. Second, I have previous experience working as a volunteer for G20 so I can
communicate with foreigners without any obstacle. Besides, I think it an excellent
opportunity to broaden horizons and improve social skills.
I’d highly appreciate it if you could give me the chance. Looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
使用的词汇，如“appealing, qualified, have a good
command of, contributing to, previous, obstacle, broaden
horizons”都是大纲词汇，而且精准妥帖、表达到位。尤其是“I
found this position quite appealing”和“I think it an excellent
opportunity to…”语言地道，反映了作者语言功底较深厚。
语言
能力
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考 应用文写作
——点评优秀作品1，明确高分技巧Dear Sir /Madam,
I am writing to apply for the post of volunteer advertised in the school newspaper. I
found this position quite appealing and I am well qualified for the job.
First, I have a good command of spoken English, contributing to my interaction with
foreign friends. Second, I have previous experience working as a volunteer for G20 so I can
communicate with foreigners without any obstacle. Besides, I think it an excellent
opportunity to broaden horizons and improve social skills.
I’d highly appreciate it if you could give me the chance. Looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
该习作最大的亮点，作者通过第一段中“the post”、
“this position”和“the job”和第二三段中“an excellent
opportunity”、 “a chance”这些语义逻辑密切的相关词的复现，
连接全文，形成一条完整的逻辑链，这种连接方式叫做语义承
接，属于“暗承接”，即语义连贯，往往是中国学生的软肋。
上下文
连贯
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考 应用文写作
——点评优秀作品1，明确高分技巧Dear Sir /Madam,
I am writing to apply for the post of volunteer advertised in the school newspaper. I
found this position quite appealing and I am well qualified for the job.
First, I have a good command of spoken English, contributing to my interaction with
foreign friends. Second, I have previous experience working as a volunteer for G20 so I can
communicate with foreigners without any obstacle. Besides, I think it an excellent
opportunity to broaden horizons and improve social skills.
I’d highly appreciate it if you could give me the chance. Looking forward to your reply.
还有另一种连接方式叫“明承接”即衔接，通过连接词
(比如本文中First, Second, Besides等)将句子有机连接起来。
连贯指的是篇章的语义关联，是篇章的无形网络，存在于
篇章的底层；衔接是篇章的一种语言显性特征，是篇章的有
形网络，作者将这两种连接方式互相配合，娴熟使用，使全
文文气通畅，读起来一气呵成。
上下文
连贯
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考 应用文写作
——点评优秀作品1，明确高分技巧 高考英语应用文写作从功能意念的角度考察学生表达建
议、求助、投诉、邀请、推荐、感谢、评价、致歉等具体的交
际能力，而所有与这些功能对应的交际内容基本上都可以与表
示原因和结果的句型叠加在一起，使句子的表意获得强化的效
果。
由于高考英语应用文写作所给的中文提示很少，考生需要对
要点进行合理的拓展，如果能够使用因果逻辑来展开思考，可
形成逻辑严谨、合情合理的好句子或好段落。
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考 应用文写作高分技巧1
——运用因果逻辑，合理拓展细节 在这篇习作中，作者采用了因果逻辑的思维方式合理拓展细节。
要点一“I am writing to apply…”表结果（已知信息），“I found this position...”表
原因（拓展信息），用因果逻辑关系展开写信目的，表达求职的迫切和真诚。
要点二“I have a good command of…”表原因（已知信息），“contributing to…”
表结果（拓展信息），用因果逻辑关系拓展口语能力的支撑细节，阐明口语所达到的能
力水平。
要点三“I have previous experience of…”表原因（已知信息）， “I can communicate
with…”表结果（拓展信息），用因果逻辑关系拓展相关经验，进一步证明交际能力。
Dear Sir /Madam,
I am writing to apply for the post of volunteer advertised in the school newspaper. I found
this position quite appealing and I am well qualified for the job.
First, I have a good command of spoken English, contributing to my interaction with
foreign friends. Second, I have previous experience working as a volunteer for G20 so I can
communicate with foreigners without any obstacle. Besides, I think it an excellent
opportunity to broaden horizons and improve social skills.
I’d highly appreciate it if you could give me a chance. Looking forward to your reply.
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考 应用文写作高分技巧1
——运用因果逻辑，合理拓展细节 要点四“I think it an excellent…”表结果（拓展信息）， “broaden …and
improve …”表原因（已知信息），用因果逻辑关系拓展应聘目的，再次表达强烈求职意
愿，易于打动招聘者。
上述四个要点的拓展方式要么把已知信息当原因拓展合理结果，要么把已知信
息当结果寻找合理原因，都很好地说明了因果逻辑的运用价值，彰显了良好的思维品
质，是写出高分作文的一个很重要的技巧。
Dear Sir /Madam,
I am writing to apply for the post of volunteer advertised in the school newspaper. I found
this position quite appealing and I am well qualified for the job.
First, I have a good command of spoken English, contributing to my interaction with
foreign friends. Second, I have previous experience working as a volunteer for G20 so I can
communicate with foreigners without any obstacle. Besides, I think it an excellent
opportunity to broaden horizons and improve social skills.
I’d highly appreciate it if you could give me a chance. Looking forward to your reply.
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考 应用文写作高分技巧1
——运用因果逻辑，合理拓展细节To whom it may concern,
I’m Li Hua. Learning you are recruiting volunteers to greet foreign students, I ’m writing
for the position, with the purpose of improving my English level and accumulating
experience.
Equipped with excellent spoken English, I’m sure I can meet with your essential
requirements. Additionally, having served the community as a volunteer for two years, I
have sufficient relevant experience, communication skills and teamwork spirit, which will
enhance my confidence in the job.
This being a precious opportunity to train myself, I shall be much obliged if you could
consider me for the position.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua 亮明自己身份，说明消息内容，表明写信目的。最可贵
的是作者神来之笔，自然地带出了应聘目的。“写信目的→申
请成为志愿者→提高英语水平和积累经验”，逻辑清晰，层次
分明，结构紧凑，简明扼要。
第一段
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考 应用文写作
——点评优秀作品2，明确高分技巧To whom it may concern,
…
Equipped with excellent spoken English, I’m sure I can meet with your essential
requirements. Additionally, having served the community as a volunteer for two years, I
have sufficient relevant experience, communication skills and teamwork spirit, which will
enhance my confidence in the job.
This being a precious opportunity to train myself, I shall be much obliged if you could
consider me for the position.
提出自己能胜任的两个理由，用衔接性词语
“additionally” 实现了前后句子的衔接；用“your
essential requirements”和 “the job”实现了前后句子照应，
从而保证了上下文的连贯与流畅。作者使用非谓语动词短语
达到表达简练的目的，如“Equipped with…”和“having
served…”, 上下文衔接紧密，句意表达完整清晰。
第二段
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考 应用文写作
——点评优秀作品2，明确高分技巧To whom it may concern,
…
Equipped with excellent spoken English, I’m sure I can meet with your essential
requirements. Additionally, having served the community as a volunteer for two years, I
have sufficient relevant experience, communication skills and teamwork spirit, which will
enhance my confidence in the job.
This being a precious opportunity to train myself, I shall be much obliged if you could
consider me for the position.
第三段结束语，虽是套话，但有套路，“This being a
precious opportunity to train myself, I…”大胆使用了独立主格结构，
表达强烈愿望，但不失优雅风度。
需要改进的是，“relevant experience（相关经验）”最
好改为“organizational experience”与“communication skills
and teamwork spirit”形成并列关系，而非总分关系。
第三段
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考 应用文写作
——点评优秀作品2，明确高分技巧 高考英语应用文写作基本上是提纲式或图表式的半
开放性作文，考生要学会给写作要点增加适当的细节让文章内
容饱满，而找出题目要点中的“开放点（即思维突破口）”和
要点之间的“关联度”，是增加细节和行文流畅的关键。
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考 应用文写作高分技巧2
——着力“开放性要点”，分析要点间关联 本次试题中“相关经验（similar /previous/related /relevant
experience）”是要点之一, 但此处“相关”具有较强的开放性，大部分考生
写的是志愿者的经验，也可以是组织活动的经验，外事活动的经验，交换生
的经历。
在这篇习作中，作者着力开发“相关经验”，“having served the
community as a volunteer for two years（体现社会正能量）, I have sufficient
organizational experience, communication skills and teamwork spirit（满足志
愿者所需要的技能与素质）, which will enhance my confidence in the job（显
示充满自信的精神状态）”，语言精炼精确，针对性强，富有感染力。
…
Equipped with excellent spoken English, I’m sure I can meet with your essential
requirements. Additionally, having served the community as a volunteer for two years, I
have sufficient relevant experience, communication skills and teamwork spirit, which will
enhance my confidence in the job.
…
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考 应用文写作高分技巧2
——着力“开放性要点”，分析要点间关联 在要点齐全的情况下，大部分考生只是循规蹈矩地按照试题所给的要
点顺序组织语言，未仔细思考各个要点间的衔接和逻辑关系。如：口语能
力和相关经验是写信人认为能够胜任的理由和优势，但是应聘的目的与前
面这两点并非并列或递进关系，所以使用besides或last等关联词衔接并不妥
当。在这篇习作中，作者将应聘目的调整到文章开头第一段，是很好的思
路，当然也可以放在第三段结尾。
I’m Li Hua. Learning you are recruiting volunteers to greet foreign students, I ’m writing for
the position, with the purpose of improving my English level and accumulate experience.
Equipped with excellent spoken English, I’m sure I can meet with your essential
requirements. Additionally, having served the community as a volunteer for two years, I
have sufficient relevant experience, communication skills and teamwork spirit, which will
enhance my confidence in the job.
This being a precious opportunity to train myself, I shall be much obliged if you could
consider me for the position.
6-1 应用文 2018年06月高考 应用文写作高分技巧2
——着力“开放性要点”，分析要点间关联奇迹总在拼搏之后；成功蕴于进取之中。
——寄语高三考生
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